Landfill leachate, with its high concentrations of persistent organic pollutants, salts, heavy metals, and emerging contaminants, presents significant environmental challenges. This study investigated the combination of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and ferrate (Fe(VI)) pretreatment technology in landfill leachate treatment, focusing on its effectiveness in enhancing oxidation performance and mitigating membrane fouling. The results indicated that after DBD/Fe(VI) treatment, TOC and UV254 removal efficiencies increased by 44 % and 67 %, respectively. Additionally, the DBD/Fe(VI) system excelled in removing fluorescent substances and high molecular weight organic compounds, thereby reducing the formation of the cake layer on the nanofiltration membrane. This system enhanced oxidation performance through the synergistic production of reactive intermediates, with Fe(V)/Fe(IV) and center dot OH being the main active species, O2 center dot-, and 1O2 also contributing significantly. The degradation pathway of perfluorooctanoic acid was investigated by utilizing it as the representative pollutant. Compared to the raw landfill leachate system, the DBD/Fe(VI) increased membrane flux by 104 %, while reducing reversible and irreversible fouling resistances by 67 % and 75 %, respectively. Furthermore, the advantages and practical application potential of the DBD/Fe(VI) system were evaluated from energy consumption, economic cost, and carbon dioxide emissions. The study offers an innovative method for landfill leachate treatment and fouling mitigation.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is an important global public health concern, causing conditions like gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcers, gastric lymphoma, distal gastric cancer and other gastric diseases. With the increasing prevalence of antibiotics resistance, the cure rate of antibiotics-based triple or quadruple therapy has declined to 80 % or less. Moreover, side effects still remain. Hence, alternative, more potent and safer antiH. pylori medications are required. Numerous studies have indicated that natural products from medical plants are valuable repositories for the prevention of H. pylori infection with advantages in little side effects due to the co-evolution with biological systems for millions of years. In this review, we highlighted the anti-H. pylori activities and the responsive mechanism of edible and medical plants based on epidemiological, experimental, and clinical studies, providing the basis for future development of functional foods or drugs against H. pylori.

Polymer blends represent a viable and efficient approach for improving the performance of functional materials and semiconducting devices. Herein, we systematically investigated how the poly(9-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) impacts the chain structure and (3 conformation of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) in both the blended solutions and their spin-coated films. At room temperature, neither the solutions nor the films exhibited any (3 conformation or aggregates at any PVK content. Remarkably, after a cooling treatment at -60 degrees C and subsequent recovering to room temperature, an increase of the PVK content from its absence to an optimal 10 wt% led to the formation of large, ordered aggregates with high content of (3 conformation. In contrast, a further increase of the PVK content from 10 wt% to 70 wt% significantly suppressed the formation of (3 conformation, aggregates, and ordered structures. We propose that at low PVK content (0-10 wt%), PVK acts as a cross-linking agent through it-it stacking between its carbazole side groups and the PFO backbone to connect PFO aggregates, while at high level of PVK (10-70 wt%), excessive PVK may disperse the PFO phase and inhibit chain's self-folding. This work shows a facile method to control the formation of (3 conformation of polyfluorene in solutions and films, shining light on their future application in optoelectronic devices.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Irradiation injury happens in daily life as ionizing radiation (IR) develops, which can spread through tissues and organs, causing many diseases. Yinhuo Tang (YHT/YH), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, is used to alleviate "yin deficiency with excessive heat," whose symptoms are similar to those induced by ionizing radiation (IR). AIM OF THE STUDY:This study aims to determine the prophylactic protective effect of YHT on IR injury in a pretreatment mouse model and explore the underlying mechanisms involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The preventive effect of YHT on IR is investigated using a radiation injury mouse model with 14 days pre-administration. An untargeted metabolomics analysis was conducted to assess YHT-mediated metabolic changes and identify key pathways affected. UPLC-Q/TOF-MS characterized chemical constituents and serum ingredients of YHT. Network pharmacology, based on the serum components, was used to predict the key drug-disease targets. Molecular docking was performed to predict interactions between core targets and the active ingredients of YHT. Proteomics and Western blot were conducted to reveal the potential mechanisms by which YHT affects IR injury. RESULTS:YHT reduced cellular oxidative damage, promoted hematopoietic regeneration and immunoprotection, and enhanced genomic stability and mitotic fidelity after radiation exposure. Metabolomics revealed that YHT provides a protective effect by modulating metabolites, particularly in the linoleic acid metabolic pathway. UPLC-Q/TOF-MS analysis detected specific chemical compounds in YHT. Combining serum-based network pharmacology and proteomics revealed that YHT protects against IR injury in mouse models through multiple proteins and pathways, including the suppression of phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt) signaling. CONCLUSIONS:Our finding suggests that YHT prophylactically alleviates IR injury by modulating physiological processes, including antioxidative responses, cell regeneration, linoleic acid metabolism, and PI3K-Akt signaling. YHT may be a promising traditional Chinese medicine for reducing radiation-induced injury.

孟华(1944-)是中国比较文学领域的专家,其治学方法与治学精神值得后学借鉴学习.基于对她的三篇代表性文章《汉学与比较文学》(2003)、《比较文学的"普及性"与"精英性"》(2004)、《从艾儒略到朱自清:游记与"浪漫法兰西"形象的生成》(2006)的解读分析,评述其对汉学与比较文学学科关系的见解、对比较文学学科建设发展的设计构想及其在比较文学形象学领域的具体学术实践,旨在整体勾勒出她的述学文体之特色及作为治学主体的学者魅力和对治学传统的坚守态度.

Natural materials in facial prescriptions has been practiced for thousands of years in China.Natural plant extracts are increasingly used in skin-whitening products.We found Gao-Ben (the rhizome and root of Ligusticum jeholense Nakai et Kitag, GB) was a common herb used in external whitening prescriptions by retrieving ancient Chinese medicine texts and modern traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) documents.Then, the functions of GB in topical application prescriptions for skin lightening were investigated.The essential oil of GB (GBO) were extracted by supercritical CO2 fluid extraction (SFE-CO2), with the yield being 1.5%.The oil ingredients were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and benzyl alcohol and ligustilide were major constituents, their relative contents were 55.3% and 35.7%.Then the enhanced penetration effects of GBO on test compounds, ferulic acid and ligustrazine were tested using the Franz diffusion cell.Finally, the changes in morphological features of rat skin treated with GBO were researched by computer-aided image analysis of haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining.This study indicates GBO can enhance skin penetration by changing the structure of the stratum corneum barrier.Therefore, the active components could be absorbed through the topical skin and exert the whitening effect.

Oviductus Ranae (OR), dried oviducts from Rana dybowskii (RD), is a valuable food and medicine included by Chinese pharmacopeia, mainly produced in Changbai Mountain area of China. Economically motivated adulteration with oviducts from unclear species has become one of the most concerned food safety issues. Existing methods based on DNA sequencing are cost and time consuming, making them unfit for rapid authentication and quantification. Here, we developed a PCR/RT-PCR method targeting a RD specific intergenic sequence region termed IGS56 in mtDNA (Genbank NC_023528.1, 17059-17154 bp). Common primers in RD close species (F1ND5/R1-ND6), RD specific primers (F2-IGS56/R2-ND6) and universal primers (F0-18 s/R0-18 s) were used for authentication by PCR, while RD specific primers (F3-IGS56-RT/R3-ND6-RT) and reference primers (F0-18 sRT/R0-18 s-RT) were used for quantification by RT-PCR. For authentication, standard OR sample together with 19 batches OR samples obtained from different sites of Changbai mountain area were all identified to be RD. For RT-PCR based quantification, calibration curve with a good linear correlation (R2 =0.9915), was plotted with Ct ratio (Specificity Ct /Reference Ct) and OR percentage mixed by oviducts of R.nigromaculata. The accuracy of RT-PCR method established was verified to be high, with an average recovery rate of 106.744%.

目的:运用中医传承辅助平台(Traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system,TCMISS)分析中医古籍中外用和口服美白处方用药规律.方法:通过中医传承辅助平台分析中医古籍收录的外用和口服美白处方的用药规律、药材来源、用药频次、性味归经、功效及核心组方等.结果:收集美白处方338首,其中外用处方186首和口服处方152首.涉及344味药材,以豆科和伞形科为主.药性多温寒和温平,药味多辛、甘.外用高频药材为白芷、白附子和茯苓等,口服高频药材为肉桂、茯苓和当归等.得到外用和口服美白处方核心组合12组和14组.结论:古代中医外用处方通过以解表行气祛斑美白为主,口服处方多通过滋补活血达到美白效果.

苯胺类衍生物是一类重要的精细化工中间体,工业上主要通过硝基芳烃的催化加氢反应制备得到.然而,当硝基芳烃底物分子中存在卤素基团或其他可还原性基团时,极易发生过度加氢.针对此问题,高效和高选择性加氢催化剂的开发已成为研究的焦点内容.文章综述了近年来硝基芳烃选择性加氢催化剂的研究进展,重点介绍了不同种类的非均相催化剂及其改性策略,主要包括贵金属催化剂、非贵金属催化剂和无金属炭催化剂,同时总结了部分催化剂对不同类型硝基芳烃的选择性加氢性能.最后对该领域的研究情况进行了总结与展望.

The chain behavior in a precursor solution and its condensation process are still key issues that have been paid close attention to but have not been solved yet for semirigid conjugated polymers. In this research, the chain condensation process from a dilute to a concentrated solution and the transformation of the chain conformation from a solution to a film for the conjugated polymer poly(9,9'-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) were investigated by a scaling law method obtained from rheological measurements. By establishing a scaling relationship between specific viscosity and concentration, it was found that the motion of molecular chains conformed to the Zimm model in dilute solution, and the motion of molecular chains conformed to the Rouse model in semidilute unentangled solution as well as conformed to the Edwards tube model in semidilute entangled solution. Furthermore, it was also found that toluene is a θ solvent for PFO at 25 °C. Some important physical parameters in connection with PFO intrinsic properties were also obtained here, such as intrinsic viscosity [η] = 136.84 mL g-1, root-mean-square end-to-end distance R = 41.4 nm, and Kuhn segment length b = 6.28 nm. In particular, this was the first time that the effect of the film-forming process of spin coating on the transformation proces of the PFO chain conformation from the precursor solution to a film was studied, and the spin-coating time (t) was found to be several orders of magnitude longer than the PFO chain relaxation time (τ Z(τ R)). This research enriches knowledge and understanding of the chain behavior in the precursor solution for semirigid conjugated polymers and reveals the correlation of chain behaviors in solution with the film's condensed state structure in the process of chain dynamic evolution from a solution to a film.

基于网络药理学探讨引火汤防治放射性损伤的作用机制.本研究通过TCMSP和BATMAN-TCM数据库收集引火汤活性成分;利用Swiss Target Prediction预测活性成分作用靶点;借助GeneCards和OMIM数据库获取放射性损伤的靶点;使用STRING网站及Cystoscape 3.7.1进行PPI网络分析;使用DAVID数据库对关键靶点进行GO和KEGG富集分析;使用CB-DOCK进行分子对接.结果显示,获得引火汤活性成分34个,作用于放射性损伤关键靶点248个,五味子醇乙、五味子酯乙、五味子丙素、啤酒甾醇和戈米辛G是核心活性成分,与核心靶点SRC、HSP90AA1、STAT3、EGFR和AKT1均有较好的结合能力,涉及的信号通路包括PI3K-Akt信号通路、HIF-1信号通路和癌症通路等.引火汤通过多成分、多靶点和多通路可以防治放射性损伤.

Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Avenue, Changchun 130012, China

Gridization become the rising toolbox of cross-scale chemistrythat update the organic pi-conjugated polymers into nano-polymers with anano-scale persistence length that offer the cornerstone to overcome themolecular limitation for the high-performance fourth-generation semiconductors.In this work, spiro-polygridization indeed exhibit the ultralong persistencelength of ~41 nm with the extraordinary semiconducting behaviors such as a holemobility of 3.94 × 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 andan ultralow energy disorder (<50 meV) as well as the high dielectricconstant (k = 8.43). Gridochemistry open a way to organic intelligentmultimedia facing organic intelligence.

为研究槐角乙酸乙酯部位的化学成分,采用槐角粗粉70％乙醇提取物,正己烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇分步萃取,利用硅胶柱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱、半制备高效液相等色谱技术进行分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质、波谱数据并结合文献报道鉴定化学物的结构.结果可知,从槐角乙酸乙酯部位中分离得到18个化合物,分别鉴定为鹰嘴豆芽素A(1)、红车轴草素(2)、樱黄素(3)、木豆素(4)、木樨草素(5)、香叶木素(6)、3′-甲基香豌豆酚(7)、2′-羟基鹰嘴豆芽素A(8)、杨梅素(9)、柚皮素(10)、芫花素(11)、芹菜素(12)、杨梅苷(13)、白杨素(14)、杨属苷(15)、异槲皮苷(16)、黄芩苷(17)、金丝桃苷(18).所有化合物均为首次从槐角中分离得到,其中化合物7、8、9、11、15、18为首次从槐属植物中分离得到.

本研究运用关联规则挖掘含巴戟天方剂组方规律,为临床应用及新药研发提供参考.以历代经典医家著作及2020版《中国药典》、《国家中成药标准汇编》、《中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准·中药成方制剂》作为处方来源,采用"中医传承辅助平台(V2.5)"软件构建数据库,进行巴戟天方剂的用药规律分析.结果分析整理含巴戟天方剂120首,涉及药材388味,发现巴戟天多与甘温、归肾和肝经类药物合用,常用药物组合33个,高频药物组合为"巴戟天-熟地黄""巴戟天-肉苁蓉""巴戟天-枸杞子"等,通过与不同药物配伍以发挥不同治疗作用,含巴戟天方剂多具有补肾益气、滋阴养血及益精填髓的功效.采用关联规则挖掘巴戟天处方规律,以期为充分发挥其功效及临证科学组方提供借鉴与参考.

Six parts of lotus (seeds, leaves, plumule, stamens, receptacles and rhizome nodes) are herbal medicines that are listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Their indications and functions have been confirmed by a long history of clinical practice. To fully understand the material basis of clinical applications, UPLC-QToF-MS combined with the UNIFI platform and multivariate statistical analysis was used in this study. As a result, a total of 171 compounds were detected and characterized from the six parts, and 23 robust biomarkers were discovered. The method can be used as a standard protocol for the direct identification and prediction of the six parts of lotus. Meanwhile, these discoveries are valuable for improving the quality control method of herbal medicines. Most importantly, this was the first time that alkaloids were detected in the stamen, and terpenoids were detected in the cored seed. The stamen is a noteworthy part because it contains the greatest diversity of flavonoids and terpenoids, but research on the stamen is rather limited.

影响睡眠的因素很多,肠道菌群可通过调解5-羟色胺、γ-氨基丁酸、谷氨酸、多巴胺和褪黑激素等人体内的神经递质和激素,或通过肠道菌自身的代谢和分解产物影响睡眠,本文对近年来有关肠道菌影响睡眠作用机制的研究情况进行了综述.

In this work, controlling condensed state structures of different polar conjugated polymer polyfluorenes (PFs) by applying an external electric field across a solution with polar solvent THF, was investigated.

Solvent media is crucial to the dynamic evolution process of conjugated polymer condensed state structures from solution state to film. Especially, aromatic solvent can arouse strong p-p interaction with conjugated polymer backbone. Poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) is a classic hairy-rod conjugated polymer. Chlorobenzene (CB) and toluene (Tol) were used as aromatic solvents, while tetrahydrofuran (THF) and chloroform (CF) were used as non-aromatic solvents. It was firstly found that PFO chain solution behaviors were closely connected to solvent aromaticity with broad concentration range from 0.005 mg/mL to 5 mg/mL. Owing to the bigger chain exclude volume in CB and Tol solvents, in dilute solution with PFO concentration. 0.7 mg/mL, PFO single chains adopted more extended and rigid chain conformation than those in THF and CF solvents, thus, needed conjugated length of beta conformation could be easily achieved, and beta conformation could be firstly formed; PFO solution concentration increased to >= 1 mg/mL, chain aggregation began formation, but aggregation sizes were larger meanwhile chain packing density decreased according to the fractal dimension parameter d(f); Until PFO solution concentration increased to >= 3 mg/mL, only beta conformation characteristic peaks began appearance in the all PL spectra. The different solution state behaviors directly affect film condensed structures. A fiber and ordered structure formed in films from CB and Tol solvents, meanwhile circular sheet and short rod-like morphology formed in films from THF and CF solvents, respectively. Solvent effect is significant not only to deeply understand the physical essence both condensed state structure formation and photoelectric performance enhancement but also to well control conjugated polymer condensed state structure to achieve photoelectric devices with high efficiency and stability.