目的 探讨老年脑卒中后的认知损害及其对患者生活质量的影响.方法 运用中文版简易智能量表(MMSE)、神经功能缺损量表(NFDS)和诺丁汉健康问卷(NHP)对318例脑卒中患者进行现状调查.对筛查有认知损害的93例患者,按随机化原则分为认知行为护理组47例和常规护理组46例.常规护理组采取常规康复治疗和护理,认知行为干预组则在常规康复治疗和护理的基础上,实施心理护理干预.结果 脑卒中后认知障碍的发生率为29.3%,脑卒中后有认知障碍患者的NHP评分低,NFDS评分高,经认知行为护理干预后,卒中患者的NHP评分较高.结论 卒中后认知障碍发生率较高,对患者的神经功能及生活质量有明显的影响,认知行为护理干预有利于脑卒中患者的康复.

Objective To explore the assessment method and preventive measures of falls among hospitalized patients.Methods The 456 hospitalized patients in experimental group were evaluated with the self-designed risk assessment inventory of falls and received preventive measures.Then,the patients' consciouseness and awareness of falls and the rate of falls were compared with the 346 patients in control group.Results The patients' consciousness and awareness of falls prevention in experimental group were significantly higher than that of control group(P=0.000).There was significant difference in the rate of falls between the two groups(P=0.046).Conclusion Risk assessment and preventive measures of falls can effectively prevent falls for hospitalized patients.

Objective To study the cardiac electrophysiological changes of patients under the stress of operation.Method The electrocardiogram of 110 patients with operation were collected and analyzed when they were hospitalized and entered operation room.Result Under the stress of operation,the patients' heart rate became faster,the interval of R-R and Q-T became shorter,the T wave of lead Ⅲ and R ware of lead aVF showed lower.Conclusion The operation stress has a great influence on cardiac electrophysiology and may induce acute myocardial infarction or sudden death.

骨科手术中经常使用X光机对患者透视,以往关于放射线对手术室女性护士比较敏感器官(乳房、性腺等)影响的研究很少,且多统计全身累计放射量.我们利用2具测量X射线标准人体模型,分别模拟器械护士和巡回护士,置于手术时所在位置,分别于晶状体、甲状腺、乳腺、卵巢等4个部位安放徽章测量放射量.

目的:探讨妊娠高血压综合征(HIP)并发特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的围产期处理方法.方法:对19例HIP并发ITP的临床处理方法及效果进行分析.结果:19例孕妇采用系统VALP方案或者ALP方案治疗,同时进行HIP治疗,其中阴道分娩者10例,剖宫产者9例.与ITP有关的围产期并发症有产后出血及产褥感染,无孕妇及新生儿死亡.结论:HIP并发ITP时,足月妊娠者一般采用剖宫产,ITP者并非都伴有严重的分娩过程出血和产后出血.治疗根据轻重程度不同采取甲基强的松龙静点,机采血小板和(或)静点丙种球蛋白,亦可选用免疫抑制剂治疗.分娩时必须在有充足血源条件下进行.