As cost-effective alternatives to noble metals, chalcogenide cocatalysts have garnered significant attention for enhancing photocatalytic H2 evolution. Building on their pivotal role, a recent review systematically outlines their cocatalytic mechanisms and recent advances in microstructure regulation, with a specific focus on strategies to increase active site number, improve active site efficiency, and accelerate interfacial charge transfer. Such a comprehensive summary and in-depth analysis uncover critical insights and define a clear strategic direction for future research in chalcogenide cocatalysts. (c) 2026 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.

In this insight, we highlighted the emergence of a plasmonic response over ZnO/CuInS2 S-scheme heterojunction, which has been recently reported by Meng et al. (Adv. Mater. 2024, 36, 2406460). The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect is widely acknowledged in plasmonic metal nanoparticles or defective nanocrystals. In their work, Meng et al. proposed another approach to generate a plasmonic response in S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts. By virtue of the SPR effect, the obtained ZnO/CuInS2 photocatalyst exhibited supreme photocatalytic activity for H2O2 production under near-infrared (NIR) light. This heterojunction-induced plasmonic response is mainly concentrated in the IR regime thus extending the photocatalytic activity beyond the visible light limit and opening new avenues for boosting the development of heterojunctions in artificial photosynthesis.

An emerging TAPA-PDA/ZnIn2S4(TP/ZIS)S-scheme heterojunction has been developed to facilitate efficient charge transfer and extend carrier lifetimes,overcoming common challenges faced by single-component photocatalysts.This study employs continuous wave,pulse,and time-resolved electron paramagnetic res-onance(EPR)spectroscopy to identify stable radical defects at the interface and track photoinduced elec-tron transfer from TP to ZIS.This transfer results in the formation of spin-correlated radical pairs,which promote charge separation and minimize recombination.Additionally,femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy further supports the observation of prolonged carrier lifetimes.By integrating organic and inorganic components,this strategy addresses key issues in heterojunction design and underscores the importance of EPR for revealing charge transfer mechanisms.These results provide valuable insights into the development of efficient,durable photocatalysts,advancing the potential for sustainable solar energy technologies.

全球经济的快速发展导致了化石燃料的过度开采和燃烧,不仅造成了严重的能源危机,也导致了持续的CO 2 排放.虽然太阳能是一种清洁的可再生能源,但它面临着昼夜、季节变化大,且难以存储等挑战.利用光催化技术将太阳能转化为可存储的化学能是解决能源短缺和环境问题的有效途径.光催化CO 2 还原技术,以开发高效光催化剂为核心,为将CO 2 转化为具有高附加值的碳氢燃料提供了一种清洁环保的方法,同时为解决全球能源危机和气候变化问题提供了可行的解决方案.传统的光催化剂,如:单组分光催化剂和传统Ⅱ型异质结光催化剂,存在光生载流子复合速度快、还原氧化能力削弱等问题,严重影响了光催化性能.选择还原型半导体和氧化型半导体耦合构建S型异质结复合光催化剂已被证明可以有效实现具有强氧化还原能力的光生载流子的高效分离、促进光催化反应并增强光催化性能.然而,传统S型异质结复合材料通过两步或多步策略制备得到,两相间有限的接触面积阻碍了光生载流子的有效界面传输,降低了光催化效率.为解决该关键问题,中国地质大学（武汉）余家国教授和徐飞燕副教授等最近采用了一步静电纺丝技术将还原型Nb 2 O 5 和氧化型In 2 O 3 进行耦合,设计了一种In 2 O 3 /Nb 2 O 5 S型异质结复合光催化剂.通过将两相的前驱体溶液混合在同一静电纺丝溶液中,在高温煅烧过程中同时生成In 2 O 3 和Nb 2 O 5 .In 2 O 3 /Nb 2 O 5 异质结的高分辨透射电镜图像及部分区域放大的元素面分布图像显示出清晰的两相界面及元素非重叠分布,证实了复合纳米纤维中In 2 O 3 和Nb 2 O 5 纳米颗粒间最大程度地紧密接触,有助于促进In 2 O 3 和Nb 2 O 5 间无障碍的超快界面电荷转移.飞秒瞬态吸收光谱结果表明,在10 ps内,In 2 O 3 导带上的光生电子转移到Nb 2 O 5 价带上,有效抑制了自身载流子复合,实现了Nb 2 O 5 导带上还原能力强的光生电子和In 2 O 3 价带上氧化能力强的光生空穴的高效分离,延长了复合纳米纤维中载流子的寿命.得益于界面超快电子转移诱导的高效载流子分离和载流子寿命的延长,以及CO 2 分子在催化剂表面的化学吸附和活化,所制备的In 2 O 3 /Nb 2 O 5 异质结在光催化CO 2 还原方面表现出较好的性能,在不使用任何分子助催化剂或牺牲剂的情况下,CO的产率达到0.21 mmol g active sites -1 h -1 .综上所述,该文章介绍了一种通过一步合成策略得到的In 2 O 3 /Nb 2 O 5 S型异质结复合光催化剂,其具有超快的界面电子转移、延长的载流子寿命和增强的光催化CO 2 还原性能.文章通过飞秒瞬态吸收光谱深入研究了S型异质结界面的超快电荷转移动力学,推动了异质结的研究并拓宽了其在人工光合成中的潜在应用.

The surface reactivity of a metal can be modulated by placing a graphitic cover atop, and a concept of "Catalysis under Cover" has been suggested acting as a new route towards the modulation of surface reactions.

Although Bi 7 O 9 I 3 is an oxygen-rich bismuth oxyiodide with higher photocatalytic activity than BiOI, its applicability for photocatalytic oxidation is limited by the rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers and poor reusability. Depositing Bi 7 O 9 I 3 on flexible macro-sized carbonaceous materials is a promising approach for promoting photogenerated electron migration and improving reusability. In this study, a composite consisting of Bi 7 O 9 I 3 supported on graphitic carbon paper (Bi 7 O 9 I 3 -CP) was synthesized via the in situ transformation of a BiOI-deposited carbon paper precursor (BiOI-CP). The as-prepared Bi 7 O 9 I 3 CP exhibited higher visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity than both Bi 7 O 9 I 3 and BiOI-CP precursor for phenol removal. The improved photocatalytic activity of Bi 7 O 9 I 3 -CP was attributed to its hierarchical structure and promoted carrier separation, as revealed by photoluminescence, pore structure, and reactive radical analyses. Moreover, owing to its macroscale size and flexibility, the Bi 7 O 9 I 3 -CP composite could be easily operated and reused, which are favorable for practical applications. (c) 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.

Research on photocatalytic overall water splitting has attracted wide attention. Recently, a work has systematically discussed the challenges for photocatalytic overall water splitting in terms of thermodynamics, kinetics, dissolved oxygen, and backward and side reactions. The critical analysis of the reaction process and reaction environment in the work contributes to an in-depth understanding of photocatalytic overall water splitting.

Photocatalysis is a sunrise technology with great potential for hydrogen production [1，2] ， carbon dioxide reduction [3] ， and so on. However， a single-component photocatalyst often exhibits severely limited activity due to rapid photogenerated carrier recombination and weak redox abilities.

•A neotype floatable S-scheme TiO2/Bi2O3 photocatalyst was proposed.•The S-scheme charge transfer mechanism is characterized by in situ XPS and fs-TA.•The facilitated charge separation and preserved supreme redox capacity were achieved.

The strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) plays a pivotal role in regulating electronic properties and activating surface oxygen species. In this work, we report light-irradiation-modulated SMSI for enhanced formaldehyde (HCHO) oxidation. Specifically, the SMSI between Pt nanoparticles (NPs) and Bi2MoO6 created surface-active oxygen at Pt-Bi2MoO6 interfaces to activate HCHO to dioxymethylene (DOM). Notably, light irradiation boosted the SMSI and catalytic activity. Moreover, photogenerated holes in Bi2MoO6 improved HCHO adsorption and activation, while photogenerated electrons migrated from Bi2MoO6 to Pt NPs to promote O2 adsorption and activation, accelerating the oxidation of DOM to CO2 and H2O. The light-modulated SMSI and the synergy between photocatalysis and thermocatalysis lead to enhanced catalytic oxidation activity, providing a practical strategy for indoor volatile organic compound (VOC) decomposition under ambient conditions.

Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production offers a clean and cost-efficient alternative to the traditional anthraquinone oxidation approach. Herein, a step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunction photocat-alyst is fabricated by coupling TiO2 with three dimensionally ordered macroporous sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride (3DOM SCN/T) by electrostatic self-assembly. The optimized photocatalyst achieved a high photocatalytic H2O2 production activity with a yield of 2128 mu mol h -1g -1 without the addition of hole scavengers. The remarkable performance was attributed to the synergy between the 3DOM framework and the S-scheme heterojunction. The former enhances light harvesting and provides abundant active sites for surface reactions, while the latter promotes the spatial separation of photogenerated carriers and enhances the redox power. Finally, the mechanism of photocatalytic H2O2 production over the 3DOM SCN/T S-scheme composite is proposed. This work provides novel insights into the development of effi-cient photocatalysts for H2O2 production from water and O 2 .(c) 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.

Photocatalysis opens a new door to H2O2 formation via a low-cost, clean, mild, and sustainable process, which holds great promise for the next generation of massive H2O2 production. However, fast photogenerated electron-hole recombination and slow reaction kinetics are the main obstacles for its practical application. An effective solution is to construct the step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunction, which remarkably promotes carrier separation and boosts the redox power for efficient photocatalytic H2O2 production. Considering the superiority of S-scheme heterojunctions, this Perspective summarizes the recent advances of S-scheme photocatalysts for H2O2 production, including photocatalysts for building S-scheme heterojunctions, H2O2-production performance, and S-scheme photocatalytic mechanisms. Lastly, some prospects are given to motivate future research in this promising field, other promising strategies are provided to further improve H2O2 yields, and future research directions are suggested.

Bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) is an attractive visible-light-responsive semiconductor that can absorb a full range of visible and near-infrared light. However, its poor redox capacity and rapid carrier re-combination limit its application in photocatalytic oxidation. In this study, we adopted Bi2Se3 as the couple part of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) to construct a Bi2Se3/g-C3N4 composite photocata-lyst. Through in situ fabrication, the self-developed Bi2O3/g-C3N4 precursor was transformed into a Bi2Se3/g-C3N4 heterojunction. The as-prepared Bi2Se3/g-C3N4 composite exhibited much higher visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity than pristine Bi2Se3 and g-C3N4 in the removal of phenol. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was ascribed to the S-scheme configuration of Bi2Se3/g-C3N4; this was confirmed by the energy-level shift, photoluminescence analysis, computational structure study, and reactive-radical testing. In the S-scheme heterojunction, photo-excited electrons in the conduction band of g-C3N4 migrate to the valence band of Bi2Se3 and combine with the excited holes therein. By consuming less reactive carriers, the S-scheme heterojunction can not only effectively promote charge separation, but also preserve more reactive photo-generated carriers. This proper-ty enhances the photocatalytic activity.

根据新工科背景下新材料产业发展对人才的需求,文章探索了功能材料专业"基础实验—综合实训—探索创新—工程实践"四层次递进式实践教学体系.结果表明:整体的设计、内容和方法改革、深入的校企合作,能使实践教学各环节密切联系产业实际,形成关系紧密的整体,能全面、灵活和高效地培养学生的工程实践能力和自主解决实际问题的能力,使其不断适应发展变化中的产业需求.

全面推进课程思政是立德树人的根本性战略举措."材料现代测试方法"课程是理论性和实践性很强的综合性课程,但传统教学往往偏重专业知识的讲授而忽略了思政元素的融入.以长沙学院为例,通过多元化教学模式、融合创新创业教育及借力现代信息化技术,建立了较为完善的课程思政教学体系,并且根据专业课内容适时融入思政元素,形成了特色鲜明的"材料现代测试方法"课程思政案例库.

In environment remediation, photocatalytic oxidation is a promising technique for removing organic pollutants. Compared to adsorption, biodegradation, and chemical oxidation, photocatalytic oxidation can eliminate organic pollutants completely, conveniently, and cheaply in an environmentally friendly manner. Visible-light-driven photocatalytic oxidation is particularly advisable because of the high proportion of visible light energy in solar energy. Bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI) is a promising visible-light-driven photocatalyst for the oxidization of pollutants, not only because of its narrow band gap, but also for its relatively low valence band (VB), which is adequate for photogenerated holes to oxidize a variety of organic compounds. However, the shortcomings of BiOI powder, such the difficulty of recycling it, its low surface area, and fast carrier recombination, limit its practical applications. Meanwhile, the flexibility and hierarchical structure of photocatalysts are particularly advisable because these properties are beneficial for the convenient operation, recycling, and performance improvement of these materials. Herein, based on an electro-spun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber substrate, a hierarchical BiOI/PAN fiber was prepared through an in situ reaction. In the as-prepared BiOI/PAN fibers, BiOI flakes were aligned vertically and uniformly around the PAN fibers. BiOI nuclei generated from preintroduced Bi(III) in the PAN fiber act as seeds for the growth of BiOI nanoplates, which is crucial for the formation of a hierarchical structure. Such a hierarchical structure can improve both the light absorption and carrier generation of the BiOI/PAN fibers, as demonstrated by UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra and photoluminescence emission. Therefore, the BiOI/PAN fibers exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than BiOI powder. When the BiOUPAN fibers were decorated with pre-prepared graphene quantum dots (GQDs), a GQD-modified BiOI/PAN fibrous composite (GQD-BiOI/PAN) was fabricated. The morphology of the obtained GQD-BiOI/PAN fibers was nearly the same as that of the BiOI/PAN fibers. A step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunction was formed between the GQDs and BiOI, which was confirmed by the fabrication method, photoluminescence emission, reactive radical tests, and XPS analysis. This kind of S-scheme heterojunction can not only effectively suppress the recombination of photogenerated holes, but can also reserve the more reductive electrons on the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of GQDs and the more oxidative holes on the VB of BiOI, for the photocatalytic degradation of phenol. Because of the fibrous hierarchical structure and S-scheme heterojunction, GQD-BiOI/PAN outperformed BiOI nanoparticles and BiOI/PAN nanofibers in the photocatalytic oxidation of phenol under visible light. In addition, because of tight bonding, GQD-BiOI/PAN can be tailored and operated by hand, which is convenient for recycling. During recycling, no obvious loss of sample or decrease in photocatalytic activity was observed. This work provides a new pathway for the fabrication of flexible photocatalysts and a new insight into the enhancement of photocatalysts.

使用新型抑制剂KDF替代玉米淀粉,与现场药剂浮选袁家村铁矿,获得最佳的药剂制度.试验结果表明:浮精品位提高0.21％,浮尾品位降低了3.10％,作业回收率提高了3.66％,NaOH用量减少了16.67％,抑制剂KDF用量增加了60％,CaO用量减少了37.5％.

Exploring effective strategies to strengthen the photoresponse and charge separation efficiency is crucial for the preparation of photocatalysts with superior-performance. Herein, series of 0D-2D Ag2O/Bi5O7I heterojunctions with UV-Vis-NIR spectrum response were prepared by modifying Ag2O on the surface of porous Bi5O7I nanosheets to boost the photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A. The modified p-type Ag2O semiconductor not only extends the optical absorbance range of the prepared p-n heterojunction but also improves the separation efficiency of photoinduced charge carriers by the internal electric field. Moreover, the unique porous thin-layer structure can further shorten the transport distance of bulk charges to the surface. In addition, uniformly distributed holes are able to provide more active sites to accelerate charge depletion on Bi5O7I substrate. As a result, the interfacial coulomb electrostatic repulsive force was greatly weakened, making it easier for the charge transferences from Ag2O to Bi5O7I under the internal electric field. Therefore, the prepared p-n heterojunction exhibited excellent performance in photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A. In particular, 25% Ag2O/Bi5O7I showed the best bisphenol A degradation performance, which was 7.23 and 4.39 times than that of pristine Ag2O and Bi5O7I, respectively. In addition, the prepared samples showed excellent photocorrosion resistance, due to the rapid consumption of enriched electrons by the porous structure. Furthermore, intermediates of bisphenol A degradation reaction were characterized by liquid mass method, and then the degradation pathway was deduced. This work is of significance to the construction and design of efficient photocatalysts with full spectral response and high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

The coupling of graphene-based materials is a widely adopted method to effectively separate photo-induced electrons and holes, and consequently, improve the performance of photocatalysts. However, the surface modification of semiconductors with graphene materials can block incident light; this is undesirable for the activity enhancement of photocatalysts. To solve this problem, a composite of graphene oxide foam coated with bismuth oxyiodide (GOF-BiOI) was synthesized at room temperature using an in-situ deposition approach. In the composite, BiOI flake arrays stand vertically and uniformly on the surface of GOF. Furthermore, the as-prepared GOF-BiOI exhibited a higher photocatalytic activity than BiOI and GO-modified BiOI for the oxidization of phenol under visible light. Based on a collective analysis of the reactive species, photoluminescence, light absorption, textural and morphological properties, the enhanced photocatalytic activity of GOF-BiOI was attributed to the electron trapping role of GOF, which effectively suppress charge recombination, and to the unique structure of GOF-BiOI, which favored not only light absorption but also the attachment of reactive materials and the surface of BiOI.

In this study, a hierarchical Bi2O3/TiO2 fibrous composite was in-situ fabricated on an electrospun TiO2 nanofiber at ambient temperature. In the Bi2O3/TiO2 composite, S-scheme electron migration occurred between Bi2O3 and TiO2. In the photocatalytic degradation of phenol under simulated sunlight, the as-prepared Bi2O3/TiO2 nanofibers considerably outperformed Bi2O3 nanoparticles and TiO2 nanofibers. This improvement is contributed by maintaining and effectively utilizing the useful carriers and consuming the useless holes and electrons, realized by the S-scheme heterojunction and hierarchical structure. This study also provides an alternative design fashion for photocatalysts.