The ivermectin injection and pour-sprinkling preparation were used to deworm the intestinal nematodes in Tibetan dog and the therapeutic effect of them was examined by the method of check feces.The results showed that the negative rate and reductive rate of ivermectin injection in a dose of 0.2mg/kg were all 100.0% and the ones of ivermectin pour-sprinkling preparation in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg were all 100.0%.

【Objective】The objective was to effectively control the Psoroptes in Yak and observe the therapeutic effect of eprinomectin injection.【Method】Forty-one Yak which had infected psoroptes were divided into three groups.The first group yak was injected the 0.2 mg/kg eprinomectin injection.The second group was injected the 0.2 mg/kg interval of 7 days,respectively,while the third group was as control.【Result】The result showed that the second group had better effect.【Conclusion】For the yak with mild symptom could be cured by injection once,but for yak with long course of the disease,in order to get good effect,needed to inject again after 7days later.

The article briefly introduces techniques of isolation of young nematode in the stage of hosting on grazing sheep,identification of young nematode and treatment of young nematode in winter.It also illustrates prevalence,prevention and control of major parasite diseases in Qinghai Province and provides some suggestions on further study.

A field test of deworming tapeworm in dog was conducted by arecoline hydrobromide in a dose of 5,7.5mg/kg,The results showed that the excretion rate and the vomit rat in dog were 58.8% and 5.9%,the no-reaction rate was 41.2% when the dose was 5mg/kg,and 62.5%,62.5%and 37.5% when the dose was 7.5mg/kg,respectively The infection rate of tapeworm in dog was 50%.The infection rate of Echinococcus granulosus was 25% The infective intensity was 0～893.

本文对主要分布在我国青藏高原的牦牛皮蝇蛆病病原从形态学、生态学、生化鉴别和分子分类学等方面进行的研究作了全面的综述,确定侵袭牦牛的皮蝇种类有中华皮蝇(Hypoderma sinense)、纹皮蝇(H Lineata)和牛皮蝇(H bovis)等3种,中华皮蝇为青藏高原东北部牦牛皮蝇蛆病的优势虫种。通过病原生态学研究,摸清了成蝇的活动季节和活动习性、成蝇的产卵季节、产卵部位、产卵数量、卵的形状、卵在牛毛上的排列、卵的孵化、幼虫寄生部位、三期幼虫自然脱落季节、幼虫化蛹时间、蛹期及羽化时间、幼虫在体内移行规律等情况。为进一步开展牦牛皮蝇蛆病及防治技术研究提供了依据。

应用伊维菌素注射剂,选择自然感染羊狂蝇蛆的绵羊80只,分别按0.1、0.2和0.3 mg/kg体重皮下注射,进行驱除效果观察,同时设阳性对照组。结果表明,伊维菌素注射剂0.20、.3 mg/kg剂量组对羊狂蝇蛆的驱净率和驱虫率均达100%;0.1 mg/kg剂量组的驱净率为90.0%、驱虫率为97.7%。试验结果证明伊维菌素注射剂3个试验剂量驱除羊狂蝇蛆均高效安全,且使用0.2 mg/kg剂量可达100%的驱除效果。

Ivermectin injection in a dose of 0.1,0.2 and 0.3mg/kg and Levamisole tablet in a dose of 7.5,15 and 22.5mg/kg were used to conduct the deworming test in grazing sheep.The effect was checked after administer 7d and 14d,resp.The results showed that the reductive rate of eggs in alimentary canal of sheep in Ivermectin groups after administer 7d were 99.10%,99.18% and 99.21%.but were 96.59%,96.51% and 97.37% after administer 14d.the reductlve rate of larvae of lung nematode had not obviously change after administer 7d,but were 96.59%,96.51% and 97.37% after administer 14d.The reductive rate of eggs in alimentary canal of sheep in Levamisole groups after administer 7d were 67.79%,93.17% and 95.52%,but were 54.68%,83.62% and 84.30% after administer 14d.The reductive rate larvae of lung nematode after administer 7d were 62.76%,58.13% and 45.74% but were 0,72.76% and 83.72% after administer 14d.The test proved that the effect of Ivermectin injectlon for deworming was more than that of Levamisole tablet

住肉孢子虫病是一种世界性的寄生性原虫病,也是重要的人畜共患寄生虫病.住肉孢子虫广泛寄生于爬行类和鸟类,以及包括人、猴、鲸和各种家畜在内的哺乳动物,严重影响人畜健康和公共卫生安全[1-3].为了摸清近年来青海省牛、羊住肉孢子虫病感染情况,笔者等于2006年10月至2007年5月对本省部分地区牛羊住肉孢子虫病流行情况进行了调查,报告如下.

由于历史和现时的种种原因,牦牛隐孢子虫的概念和范围一直很模糊.本文对容易混淆的几个隐孢子虫种进行具体分析介绍,总结国内外的研究现状,对牦牛隐孢子虫的分类和研究进展做一具体的综述.

奥芬达唑(oxfendazole, OFZ)是具有跨纲驱虫谱的新型抗蠕虫药,自1992年国内合成以来,由于其驱虫谱广、毒性小、安全范围大,在防治动物蠕虫病方面应用越来越广泛,是一种具有开发、应用前景的广谱、高效、低毒类新型驱虫药.该药不溶于水及一般有机溶剂,目前其制剂主要为水产养殖用颗粒剂和畜用片剂.

多拉菌素(doramectin)又称都林霉素,是一种新型的阿佛曼菌素类药物一阿维菌素(avermectins)的第3代衍生物,其驱虫机理与伊维菌素相同,但抗虫作用强大而持久[1].

The mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I(COI) gene sequence of H.sinens infecting chiru was studied by the molecular bioloic techniques.A 688 bp region of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene was obtained by polymerase chain reaction(PCR),it was sequenced after being cloned into T-Vector.The sequence showed 91.4% homology to H.bovis,93.6% to H.lineatum and 99.1% to H.sinense.The results of the sequencing analysis confirm that the sample must be H.sinense,and that H.sinense can infest the chiru,thereby enlarged the host range.

裸头科绦虫是青海省放牧牛羊重要的肠道寄生虫之一,流行广,危害严重,羔羊、犊牛感染后常引起秋季大批死亡,特别对养羊业危害极大.20世纪80年代以来选用阿苯达唑片剂进行驱虫,防治效果满意,仍是目前防治家畜绦虫病的首选药物之一.

应用5 g/L伊维菌素浇泼剂驱除黄牛皮蝇幼虫,每头用量0.01 mL/kg,在10月中旬沿背中线皮肤一次浇泼给药,翌年3月和5月份摸背检查防治效果。结果表明,对照组牛皮蝇瘤疱的感染率为30.56%,感染强度4.19(0～14)个;防治组牛未检测到牛皮蝇蛆瘤疱和虫孔,驱净率和驱虫率均达到100%。证明伊维菌素浇泼剂使用微量防治黄牛皮蝇蛆病效果好,且给药方便,安全高效。

Iermectin dry suspention was used to deworm internal nematode and external parasite in sheep.The results showed that the negative rate and retuctive rate of main nematode in alimentary tract and eggs and lavae of Dictyocaulus with Ivermectin in a dose 0.2mg/kg were all100%.The negative rate and reductive rate of lavae of protostronglus nematode larvae were 91.3%and 91.8%,respectively the total deworming rate of nematode was 98.9%;The driving-off rate of ovillus was 100%.The results proved that Ivermectin dry suspention in a dose of 0.2mg/kg was effective and safe to deworm main nematode and external parasite such as louse and hypoderma.

青海省牛羊绦虫病是由多种绦虫寄生于牛羊小肠等引起的慢性、消耗性寄生虫病.其特点是畜禽精神沉郁、被毛紊乱、消化不良、贫血、消瘦、甚至死亡.由于绦虫病的侵袭,可继发引起传染病的发生和流行,目前,青海省流行的绦虫病主要是绵羊绦虫病,约占牛羊绦虫病的95%以上,对当年生羔羊、犊牛等幼畜危害严重,常引起秋季死亡.发病季节多为秋季.优势虫种为莫尼茨绦虫.

蠕虫病和蜘蛛昆虫病是绵羊的主要寄生虫病,在北方牧区流行广,且多为混合感染,防治困难,对草原养羊业危害极大.伊维菌素(Ivermectin IVM)是一种广谱、高效驱除体内线虫和杀灭体外寄生虫的药物,已广泛用于防治多种动物的线虫病和节肢动物寄生虫病.

The deworming effect was studied by using deramectin injection and ivermectin pour-on solution in a small dose in yak calves which were naturally infected by cattle grub.The results of autopsy in the period of 28～34 days after administration and palpation of the back of yak in March and May of next year showed that the deworming clean rate and the deworming rate in the yaks of doramectin group in a dose of 5μg/kg were 85.0% and 92.1%,93.6% and 93.7%,respectively,and in adose of 10μg/kg and 20μg/kg were all 100.0%.The deworming clean rate and the deworming rate in the yaks of ivermectin group in a dose of 12.5μg/kg were 85.0% and 91.2%,93.3% and 93.2%,respectively,and in a dose of 25μg/kg and 50μg/kg were all 100.0%.The infectious rate of first-instar grub in the yaks of control group was 85.0% and the average infectious intensity was 29.7.The average infectious rate of subcutaneous warbles and the number of skin hole of parasites were 84.1% and the total number of warbles and parasite holes was 205.This experiment results proved that both doramectin and ivermectin in a small dose were effective,safe and economic for deworming the first-instar grub.The op timum dose of doramectin was 10μg/kg and of ivermectin was 25μg/kg.

The objective of present study was to select desirable formulation of ivermectin for expelling endo-,exo-parasites in the yak distributed in alpine grassland.60 yak were selected from Datong farm of Qinhai province,and randomly assigned to three group: The animals of group 1 were pour-sprinked ivermectin by 0.5mg/kg,animals of group 2 were subcutaneous injected ivermectin by 0.2mg/kg,the animals of group 3 were not given ivermectin.The changes of negative rates,decreasing rates and deworming rates of different parasites were analysed,meanwhile the safety of the medicine was investigated.In group 1,negative rate,decreasing rate of gastrointestinal nematode eggs,protostrongylus nematode larva was 90%/ 99.1% and 80%/92.8%,respectively.The average deworming rates were 99.3% and 98.8%,respectively.In group 2,negative rate,decreasing rate of gastrointestinal nematode eggs,protostrongylus nematode larva was 90%/98.7% and 80%/92.9%,respectively.The average deworming rates were 99.4% and 99.2%,respectively.Pour-sprinkling ivermectin can kill all Linnaeus,but can't kill Moniezia sp.This indicated that 0.5 mg/kg pour-sprinkling ivermectin was safety and efficiency,and can be applied in deworm of yak distributed in in alpine grassland.