OBJECTIVES:Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a progressive degenerative condition prevalent in older adults. ShenQiWan (SQW) has shown notable clinical efficacy in treating KOA. However, the role and mechanism of SQW in KOA are still poorly understood. METHODS:Here, a destabilization medial meniscus (DMM)-induced KOA mouse model and LPS-induced chondrocytes were established to evaluate the protective effect of SQW in treating KOA. The impact of SQW on KOA cartilage and subchondral bone was assessed via micro-CT, histological examination, and immunohistochemical analysis. Simultaneously, LPS-stimulated KOA chondrocytes were treated with SQW to assess the proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses via CCK-8, ELISA, flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, and western Blot. NLRP3 overexpression was performed in chondrocytes to explore the role of SQW-mediated serum on the apoptosis and inflammation in LPS-induced chondrocytes by regulating the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. RESULTS:SQW effectively improved gait and reduced pain-related behaviors in KOA mice. Micro-CT and histological analyses revealed that SQW alleviated subchondral bone loss and cartilage destruction, improved joint pathology. Molecular analyses revealed that SQW inhibited chondrocyte apoptosis and reduced the inflammatory response. Mechanistically, SQW down-regulated the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins and inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB pathway components. In vitro, SQW protected LPS-induced chondrocytes from injury, improving viability and reducing apoptosis, while NLRP3 overexpression reversed these effects, confirming SQW acts via the NLRP3/NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSIONS:SQW effectively reduces KOA symptoms by blocking the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, thereby lessening cartilage damage, inflammation, and cell death, while improving mobility and pain responses, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for KOA.

INTRODUCTION:Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) infection causes significant morbidity, and no effective treatments are currently available. Viral infections induce substantial metabolic changes in the infected cells to optimize viral production. Metabolites that reflect the interactions between host cells and viruses provided an opportunity to identify the pathways underlying severe infections.OBJECTIVE:To better understand the metabolic changes caused by HRSV infection, we analyzed temporal metabolic profiling to provide novel targets for therapeutic strategies for inhaled HRSV infection.METHODS:The epithelial cells and BALB/c mice were infected with HRSV. Protein and mRNA levels of inflammation factors were measured by using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Untargeted metabolomics, lipidomics and proteomics were performed using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to profile the metabolic phenotypic alterations in HRSV infection.RESULTS:In this study, we evaluated the inflammatory responses in vivo and in vitro and investigated the temporal metabolic rewiring of HRSV infection in epithelial cells. We combined metabolomics and proteomic analyses to demonstrate that the redox imbalance was further provoked by increasing glycolysis and anaplerotic reactions. These responses created an oxidant-rich microenvironment that elevated reactive oxygen species levels and exacerbated glutathione consumption.CONCLUSION:These observations indicate that adjusting for metabolic events during a viral infection could represent a valuable approach for reshaping the outcome of infections.

目的:研究婴幼儿迁延性腹泻的尿液代谢谱变化及其发病机制.方法:本研究分为两组,正常对照组30例,脾虚泻组30例,以3个月到3岁婴幼儿尿液为样本,鉴定并分析尿液样本的内源性代谢产物,基于液相色谱-质谱联用技术(LC-MS)的代谢组学方法,通过主成分分析法(PCA)及正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)进行内源性物质分析.结果:最终筛选并鉴定出L-天冬酰胺、苏氨酸、L-色氨酸、L-谷氨酰胺、L-赖氨酸、L-组氨酸、琥珀酸等63个内源性差异性代谢物,涉及苯丙氨酸代谢,丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢,组氨酸,精氨酸生物合成的紊乱.结论:迁延性腹泻患儿与正常婴幼儿尿液代谢存在差异,迁延性腹泻过程涉及氨基酸代谢紊乱,为进一步阐释本病的发病机制提供了科学依据.

针对儿科医生短缺现状,多所中医药院校相继获批设立中医儿科学本科专业.但作为新兴本科专业,中医儿科学专业人才培养方案尚处于探索阶段,专业培养目标尚需进一步明晰,课程体系亦需进一步优化.以南京中医药大学为例,从确立专业培养目标、构建"知识-实践-思政"三位一体的多模块课程体系等方面对中医儿科学专业人才培养方案进行了探索与思考,以期为中医儿科学新专业的人才培养提供新思路.

采用频数统计方法对儿童脾虚泻门诊病例和处方进行归纳总结,分析脾虚泻的发病特点.结果 显示儿童脾虚泻从病程来看大多类似慢性迁延性腹泻;发病年龄以婴幼儿为主;男童多于女童;发病季节一年四季均有,以夏秋冬三季为多;感染因素、乳糖不耐受、食物过敏或不耐受、抗菌药物的使用、变态反应性疾病作为儿童脾虚泻的合并因素,间接提示肠道菌群失衡是儿童脾虚泻的重要病因.

胃癌前病变是一个病理性概念,包括肠上皮化生和异型增生,主要伴存于慢性萎缩性胃炎[1].中医药特色治疗阻断或逆转胃癌前病变具有明显优势.笔者较早便开展胃癌前病变的中医药诊治研究,着眼于临床,收集患者舌象,辨证分析舌象与病因病机的相关性,认为气阴两虚与湿瘀交阻是胃癌前病变的病理基础,其中气阴两虚为其本,湿瘀交阻为其标[2].基于胃癌前病变的气虚、阴虚、湿热、瘀滞等证候特点,分为以下六种证型论治胃癌前病变.

挖掘汪受传教授治疗儿童脾虚泻的临证用药规律;采用频数统计、关联规则和聚类分析3种数据挖掘技术方法对脾虚泻门诊处方进行归纳总结,挖掘出汪受传教授治疗脾虚泻的核心方药及加减方药.总结出汪教授治疗儿童脾虚泻的核心用药由苍术、茯苓、炮姜、煨益智仁、炒麦芽、砂仁组成,体现温运脾阳之治疗大法.

为探索中医儿科学专业(五年制)临床课程可行的教学形式,形成中医儿科学专业临床课程教学实践的构思,文章以"中医儿科学"专业临床课程为例,采用课余接触临床与医案贯穿课堂讲授相结合的方式,将"早期接触临床"的理念引入该课程的教学实践.整个教学实践分两阶段进行.课前准备阶段:本专业低年级学生利用课余时间组织"早期接触临床"活动.课堂讲授阶段:本专业高年级接受本专业临床课程的课堂学习,将学生在"早期接触临床"活动中接触到的临床病案等素材引入本专业临床课程课堂教学,创建临床情境,贯穿授课内容.最后分别以教师调查问卷和学生调查问卷的形式评估基于早期接触临床的课程教学的实践意义和创新价值.

慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)是以胃黏膜腺体萎缩为主要表现的临床常见消化系统疾病,常伴有胃黏膜的肠上皮化生和异型增生,属于胃癌的癌前疾病.持续存在的慢性炎症对胃癌的形成发挥着重要作用,炎症细胞因子白介素-1β(IL-1β)、白介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)可能是其中的核心炎症介质,这些因子释放后在细胞表面形成一个炎症微环境,使机体正常细胞的抑癌基因或原癌基因由基态转变为激发态,进而导致细胞癌变[1].我们前期的临床研究表明,以健脾疏肝中药为主的"乐胃饮"加味方治疗CAG取得了很好的效果,不仅能改善症状,还能逆转萎缩、肠化等病理变化[2].本实验研究通过建立CAG大鼠模型,观察"乐胃饮"加味方在治疗CAG过程中对胃黏膜病变和炎症因子表达的影响,以期探讨出"乐胃饮"加味方对CAG的作用机制.

目的 探讨温运颗粒对婴幼儿脾虚泻粪便短链脂肪酸的调控情况.方法 以30例脾虚泻患儿为腹泻组,30例健康儿作为对照组,以粪便为样本,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)的代谢组学方法,对粪便中的短链脂肪酸进行鉴定分析.结果 与对照组比较,脾虚泻患儿粪便中的乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、异丁酸、戊酸、异戊酸呈明显降低趋势;温运颗粒能显著提高患儿粪便中丁酸、异丁酸、异戊酸水平.结论 温运颗粒可能通过调节短链脂肪酸进而调节肠道菌群平衡、改善肠道内环境.

Diarrhea is a disease, and patients must have bowel movements at least three times per day. This condition may last for several days and may cause dehydration due to fluid loss. Spleen-deficiency makes a person more vulnerable to some infectious diseases. Persistent diarrhea due to spleen-deficiency may affect amino acids and glucose metabolic pathways, and urinary metabolic characteristics. For this purpose, this research was carried out to investigate the pathogenesis and changes of metabolic profiling in urine samples that come from 3 months to 3 years old children with persistent diarrhea due to Spleen-deficiency were analyzed by metabolomics methods based on gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The urine samples were collected and divided into normal children group (NC group, n=30), persistent diarrhea group (PD group, n=30)．The endogenous metabolites in urine were obtained by GC-MS. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was used to analyze the data．The results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Fold change．Finally，there was a significant difference between the normal group and the diarrhea group, and the significant metabolites, glutamic acid, serine，phenylalanine, histidine, and et al. were identified between two groups. The metabolism of glycine, serine and threonine, arginine and proline, glutathione and pentose phosphate were involved. The result demonstrated that amino acid metabolism and glucose metabolism were the main metabolic pathways and responsible for persistent diarrhea due to Spleen-deficiency.

目的:从尿液代谢组学层面探讨婴儿巨细胞病毒(HCMV)肝炎患儿湿热内蕴证、脾虚湿困证、气滞血瘀证的证候实质.方法:收集HCMV肝炎湿热内蕴证(44例)、脾虚湿困证(35例)、气滞血瘀证(43例)、正常对照组(40名)患儿,进行生化指标统计分析,同时采用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术,对患儿尿液样本进行代谢组学检测,经主成分分析寻找各证型的生物标志物.结果:在生化指标分析中,各证型组在丙氨酸氨基转移酶、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、总胆红素、结合胆红素、总胆汁酸、谷氨酰转肽酶、碱性磷酸酶、乳酸脱氢酶及凝血酶原时间水平有显著差异.在代谢组学研究中,各证型组在正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析图上区分明显.各证型组均涉及氨基酸代谢紊乱.此外,各证型均有特征性生物标志物.结论:HCMV肝炎湿热内蕴证、脾虚湿困证及气滞血瘀证在生化指标和尿液代谢物水平均存在显著差异,表明不同中医证候有其生物学基础.

Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) was analyzed by gas chromatography. mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) in childhood asthma and healthy control, aiming to find the potential markers of EBC in children with asthma, and provide a scientific reference for its pathogenesis and early screening. EBC samples were collected from 21 asthmatic children (age (8.2 +/- 1.6) years) and 17 healthy children (age (8.1 +/- 1.3) years). GC-MS/MS was used to obtain the full scan data of chemical components. Cluster analysis was performed on the two groups of metabolites by principal component analysis (PCA), and potential biomarkers were found using Metaboanalyst 3.0 attributable metabolic pathways. The results showed that the EBC metabolic maps of asthmatic group and normal group were very different, and eight endogenous potential biomarkers were identified, suggesting that starch and sucrose metabolism, lysine degradation, aminoglycan nucleoside metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism may play important roles in the development of asthma in children.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of Wenyun mixture and bran stir-baked Atractylodis water extract on Spleen-deficiency Diarrhea in mice.METHODS The spleen deficiency mouse models were established by extract of Sennae Folium. Fecal short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)levels were detected and measured after treatment of different doses of Wenyun mixture and bran stir-baked Atractylodis water extract.RESULTS Compared with the model group,propionic acid level in mice feces was increased in low dose of bran fried Atractylodes water extract group significantly,propionic acid and isovaleric acid level in mice feces were increased in high dose of bran fried Atractylodes water extract group significantly,acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid level in mice feces were increased in high dose of Wenyun mixture group significantly.CONCLUSION We-nyun mixture and bran fried Atractylodes water extract could obviously improve short chain fatty acid level to transform spleen Qi and stop diarrhea.

目的 探究麸炒苍术水提物、醇提物、二氯甲烷部位对脾虚泄泻模型小鼠的治疗作用.方法 选用番泻叶水煎液灌胃制备大鼠脾虚模型.考察麸炒苍术水提物、醇提物、二氯甲烷萃取物对脾虚小鼠体质量、腹泻等级、粪便含水率、血清淀粉酶、D-木糖水平及肠内短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)含量的影响,并做肠道病理学进行观察.结果 与模型组比较,麸炒苍术水提物、醇提物、二氯甲烷部位均可显著减轻腹泻等级、缓解脾虚泻引起的体质量增长迟缓,降低粪便含水率,增加血清D-木糖及肠内短链脂肪酸含量,减轻肠黏膜损伤,此外麸炒苍术二氯甲烷部位组血清淀粉酶水平较模型组显著提高.结论 麸炒苍术水提物、醇提物、二氯甲烷部位均能明显拮抗番泻叶所致小鼠脾虚泻,麸炒苍术二氯甲烷部位对于脾虚泻引起消化吸收功能降低能起到最好的改善作用.

Objective:To observe the effects of modified Lewei Decoction on the co-regulated cytokines of Bcl-xL,c-Myc and IL-6 of NF-κB and STAT3 in precancerous lesions of gastric cancer.Methods:The vectors of NF-κB (RelA/p65)-PECFP and STAT3-PEYFP were transfected into SGC-7901 human gastric cancer cell.Modified Lewei Decoction was used after the cell was stimulated by LPS.Real time RT-PCR was applied to detect the mRNA expression of Bcl-xL,c-Myc and IL-6 in cell,Western Blot was used to detect the protein expression of Bcl-xL and c-Myc.Results:After LPS stimulation,the mRNA expression of Bcl-xL,c-Myc and IL-6 increased and the protein expression of Bcl-xL and c-Myc also increased,whereas the increased expressions were significantly weakened after modified Lewei Decoction intervention.Conclusion:Modified Lewei Decoction could treat precancerous lesions of gastric cancer and prevent gastric cancer by blocking the relevant factors in the inflammation-cancer positive feedback loop.

Objective To observe the effect of Modified Leweiyin Recipe (MLR) on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and crosstalk between signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) in SGC-7901 human gastric cancer cells. Methods SGC-7901 human gastric cancer cell strain was taken as subjects. The vectors of NF-κB (ReIA/p65)-PECFP and STAT3-PEYFP were constructed and transfected in SGC-7901 human gastric cancer cells. Cells were then intervened by MLR after stimulated by LPS. The crosstalk between NF-κB and STAT3 in cells was detected using fluorescence resonance energy transfer and co-immunoprecipitation. Results After LPS stimulation, the crosstalk between NF-κB and STAT3 was enhanced. But it was significantly weakened after MLR intervention. Conclusion MLR could treat precancerous lesions of gastric cancer and prevent the occurrence of gastric cancer possibly by blocking the crosstalk between NF-κB and STAT3.

目的:观察乐胃饮对胃癌前病变(PLGC)大鼠胃黏膜中自噬体及其相关基因Beclin1的影响.方法:将60只雄性Wistar大鼠分为正常组,模型组,维酶素组,乐胃饮低、中、高剂量组,采用2％水杨酸钠灌胃、饥饱失常以及自由饮用1-甲基-3-硝基-1-亚硝基胍(MNNG)溶液等综合因素诱发PLGC模型.给药28d后,利用透射电镜观察大鼠胃黏膜细胞自噬体,通过RT-PCR检测自噬基因Beclin1 mRNA的表达.结果:与模型组比较,乐胃饮各剂量组胃黏膜Beclin1 mRNA表达显著升高(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),电镜可观察到自噬体.结论:乐胃饮可能通过提高Beclin1的表达,增强PLGC胃黏膜自噬而降低癌变的可能性.

Objective:To date mining professor WANG Shou-chuan's medication rules in treating cough caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae infection through cluster analysis and principle of correlation analysis method.Methods:Making Q cluster analysis and principle of correlation analysis for 24 high frequency drugs through SPSS 17.0 and Clementine 12.0 software to study the medication rules based on 142 cases of cough caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae infection treated by WANG Shouchuan.Results:Professor WANG Shou-chuan treat cough caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was to mainly descend the reverse qi of lung,combining with clearing heat and dissipating phlegmand diffusing qi of lung.Conclusion:The results of cluster analysis and principle of correlation analysis in a certain extent reflect the academic experiences of professor WANG Shou-chuan in treating cough caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

全国名老中医药专家汪受传教授临证40余载,针对儿童过敏性疾病,提出“伏风”理论,临证以消风为主,配合疏散、搜剔、凉血、养血、豁痰、固表等多种治法,治疗小儿鼻鼽、风咳、哮喘、荨麻疹、异位性皮炎、过敏性紫癜等多种伏风病变.