We briefly review the theoretical research situation of awareness and privacy in computer supported collaborative work(CSCW) environment,generalize the significant impact of their balance on user experience,analyze human behavior,physical environment and social mechanism,the three major factors which have influence on the balance in CSCW system,sum up the technical means of achieving the balance from the four aspects: information control,awareness feedback,fuzzy filtering and gradual progress,and furthermore look to the future of the research on the balance of awareness and privacy in CSCW system.

Aimed to summarize typical interaction pattern of users and the impact factors,extract the display attributes,typical usage scenarios and interactive behaviors of interactive products based on text mining of the data mining methods,which mainly come from the Internet,and further,based on the usage scenarios and interactive behaviors to extract interaction pattern.Then analyze the relationship between interaction pattern and display attributes by semantic-analysis.We received seven categories:1)information processing;2)mobile information exchange.3)the display of manipulation message;4) the reception of the information;5) the display of functional message;6) the display of one-direction message;7) information records.Conclusions: in the development of interaction equipment,interaction patterns maintain relative stability;display attributes play a key role in the interaction patterns,restricting the usage behaviors and the usage scenarios.The above results have important reference value for the design of interaction product.

大学生是社会消费群体中一群特殊人群,手机消费已成为大学生精神文化生活的代表性标志品之一,研究大学生手机消费可以窥视大学生社会心理状态,发现大学生心理新动向并及时引导大学生的健康心理行为,同时可以引导手机产品市场的消费趋势。本文概述了大学生手机消费的心理动机、大学生手机消费群体需求、大学生手机消费模式等概况,并总结了大学生手机消费线索主要包括手机产品内部线索、手机产品外部线索、手机消费情境线索以及经济文化线索,并在此基础上展望了今后研究方向。

互动电视具有独特的交互特点,比如非持续注意力分配、多对一交互、遥控器与电子节目指南(EPG)相结合的交互方式等,使得互动电视的用户界面可用性具有相当的独特性。本文主要概述了近年来国内外关于互动电视的遥控器、EPG以及帮助系统等用户界面的可用性研究,并提出了将来互动电视的用户界面可用性研究不再局限在系统本身,而将更多地去关注用户体验相关的元素这一研究趋势。

With the use of self–produced second–hand and new laptop consumer pricing survey scale,this study investigated the factors that affect consumers'reference price on two sorts of computer.The results indicated that consumer pricing models on second–hand and new laptop are approximately consistent in that both involved five factors: Time,Degrees of Depreciation(or Design),General Price,Purchase Benefit and Performance.Further constructed consumer pricing structural equation models released that consumers'reference price did contain external and internal dimension,and some difference existed between second–hand and new laptop pricing models.

多点触控技术是一种自然、友好的人机交互方式,允许用户同时通过多个接触点与系统进行交互。本文回顾了多点触控技术的发展历史,以光学式多点触控和投射电容式多点触控为代表总结了该技术的实现原理,介绍了该技术近年来在一些新产品中的应用,包括微软桌面式电脑、虚拟墙和苹果手机等,并对该技术的用户体验研究和发展进行了回顾和展望。

To evaluate the effectiveness of search engines,211 Chinese users were surveyed to assess two major Chinese search engines Google and Baidu based on 11 items.Factor analysis results showed that the 11 items could be clustered into two factors,named contents accuracy and contents accessibility respectively,which formed a search effectiveness model with high reliability and validity.Then the model was applied to compare the search effectiveness of Google and Baidu,and found that Google was better in contents accuracy while worse in contents accessibility,and its inferior in contents accessibility caused its lower total effectiveness score than Baidu.There were also significant differences between the two search engines in user experience pattern.Users' effectiveness perception to Google was mainly derived from contents accuracy,while their effectiveness perception to Baidu was derived relatively from both the factors.

Based on the user cognitive features of simultaneous brightness contrast,a qualitative model of user perceptive brightness was constructed for setting the value of brightness during the computer interface design.Simulated Munsell color chips under simulated CIE standard illuminant D65 were adopted as the test stimulates,when presented on a BP neural network calibrated CRT monitor,its color difference was far less than the minimum perceptible color difference(MPCD).With the test paradigm of brightness matching,a 4(test surface) by 4(matching background) by 16 times repeated measures within subjects design test was conducted on 9 adult male users,4 users' data for model parameter estimation,another 5 users' data for model assessment.Repeated measures ANOVA results showed that the 4 users' matched brightness was significantly influenced by the brightnesses of test surface and matching background.The 4 users' test data were fitted by a series of power function,with the background brightness as independent variable,the Weber contrast which was made of the matching surface brightness and background brightness as dependent variable.The results showed that all the R squares of fitted models were larger than 0.99.Then the fitted model was evaluated by another 5 users' model assessment data,and all evaluated R squares were larger than 0.95.With a fantastic precision,the fitted model described how the user percepted brightness varied with the brightness variations of the test surface and the test background.

Forrester Research Inc.provided an evaluation result on search engine effectiveness,which included the marks of 4 search engines given by 5,279 users based on 11 evaluation items.Exploratory factor analysis was used to find the structure of the evaluation data.The results show that: ① Contents accuracy and contents accessibility are two main factors of user experience on search engine effectiveness,which was consistent with reported user behavior patterns;② The two obtained factors were used to evaluate the user experience on search effectiveness of top 4 search engines;the evaluation results are highly relative to the search engine feature and the 3rd party evaluation results,and the two factors are also a bond between the search engine feature and the user experience.

With a sample of college users,the current study adopts the factor analysis to explore the model of usage preferences,and the relationship between usage preferences and usage motivations.The result suggests that:(1)college users' usage preferences are mainly composed of entertainment preference,basic communication preference and complex communication preference.The questionnaire based on the model is of great item discrimination,homogeneity reliability,construct validity,and discrimination validity.(2)One IM usage preference can be driven by many motivations together,whereas different IM usage preferences are basically driven by different motivations.

Following the classical research of Luck et al.,many researchers have explored the mechanism of representation and storage of visual objects in working memory.However,most of current researches adopted the static object as the experimental stimulus,and the short-term storage of motion information of objects has been rarely discussed.By combining multiple object tracking and changing detection paradigms,the present research compared the performances of memory tasks in the whole-display test and the single-probe test to investigate the storage mechanism and capacity of moving-speed information of multiple objects in visual working memory.The results indicated that the moving-speed information of 3 objects could be retained within it.

The mechanism of object representation in visual working memory has been widely addressed,and many achievements have been made.After reviewing the paradigm used in the research on storage formation,capacity and retention in visual working memory,three theoretical hypotheses(viz.strong-object hypothesis,weak-object hypothesis and dual-storage mechanism hypothesis)were introduced.Issues for further research were discussed and suggestions were also made.

The motivation of instant messaging(IM)usage has currently become an important subject of psychological study;however,problems in previous researches are noticeable with regard to the lack of external validity and the oversimplification of its classification.Moreover,the motivational structure of IM usage is essentially neglected due to the use of qualitative methods(e.g.observation and interview)in these researches.Considering that IM not only offers unique IM-based functions and services,but also integrates many internet-based services,we drew upon studies on the motivation of internet usage and proposed two hypothetic models to explore the structural dimension of the motivation of IM usage and its relative importance to college student users.The first four-factor model involves interpersonal communication,entertainment,showing self and acquiring information,and the three-factor model includes interpersonal communication,recreation and acquiring information.The confirmatory factor analysis(CFA) was adopted to test these two models.The results suggested that there are three major motivations for college users,namely,interpersonal communication,recreation and acquiring information.A further second-order CFA revealed that the primary motive is interpersonal communication,and recreation and acquiring information are secondary.Based on the present findings,some suggestions are made for the IM design.

To memorize both feature and spatiotemporal information of moving objects is a critical human activity.Much research has been done to explore the storage of visual information from a static scene in working memory and to investigate how visual information is dynamically updated in a multiple object tracking task;however,the storage of motion information of multiple objects in working memory has been rarely discussed.By combining multi-object tracking and change detection paradigms,with individual moving objects as stimuli,the present research investigated the capacity of visual working memory for moving objects and the results indicated that about 3 objects can be retained in visual working memory.

Investigated users were divided into two groups in terms of their different instant messaging(IM) software usage behavior,and personality measurement data of these two groups of users were obtained by(using) Big Five personality factor scale.The results showed that significant differences existed on the factor score of Neuroticism and Extraversion between the two groups of users,but no significant differences were found on the other three factors,namely,Openness to Experience,Conscientiousness,and Agreeableness.Thus,A BP neural network classification model of IM user is established on the basis of users' personality data,with users' factor score of Neuroticism and Extraversion as the input of the model,and the classification of users' behavior as the output of the model.The results of chi square test suggested that,based on the users' personality data,the model could be applied to IM user classification effectively.

A computer simulated demonstration system of probability and stochastic phenomena is established.The system consists of six subsystems,which are human computer interface, kernel, sets theory, probability distribution, stochastic phenomena and help subsystem. The simulations performed by the system include: sets operation, ordinary probability density function and cumulative distribution function in the teaching material, game of probability, solution of probability question and Monte Carlo simulation. By using the system, user can observe and research the abstract probability theory and stochastic phenomena with visualized image. The simulation system is similar to laboratory in the teaching and learning, and this overcomes the difficulty in observing the stochastic phenomena.

本文从分析制约当前心理学实验教学的因素入手,指出心理学实验教学中所面临的困境,提出构建心理学网上实验室的一种构想,从技术实现的角度进行了分析,说明了其实现的可行性,并指出了网上心理学实验室的优点,从而找出解决这些问题的可行方案.

The influence of illuminant, surface, and background on color constancy was investigated using computer simulation technology. The results showed that the characteristics of illuminant, surface, and background independently influenced the degree of color constancy. The degree of color constancy varied with illuminant change and reached the maximum under the neutral illuminant. Furthermore, the degree of color constancy fluctuated with surface variation in the surface matching test, which showed that color constancy was also dependent on the characteristics of the surface. The degree of color constancy in the same background was higher than that in a different background. Based on the results of the present study, a nonlinear color constancy model was established to approximate the test data. The model proved to be able to reflect the mechanism of human color constancy to a certain degree.

近年来计算机仿真的实验研究方法逐渐成为颜色认知研究的主流方法,该方法克服了传统方法的诸多缺陷。本研究在现有技术的基础上构建了颜色研究仿真系统,并改进了CIE规定的有关CRT显示器颜色标定的方法。笔者通过颜色匹配实验考察了人对CRT显示器上仿真照明体颜色外观的辨别精度,结果表明上述颜色仿真系统在颜色认知实验中具有良好的适用性,并发现被试在计算机模拟颜色刺激的条件下,可进行精确的颜色匹配;不同照明条件下的色差有所不同。这些结果也为建立颜色认知模型提供了人的基准匹配数据。

耳标是一种向用户提供计算机客体、操作或交互信息的非言语听觉信号.本文比较了言语听觉界面与非言语听觉界面的特点,并就非言语听觉界面设计中的两种基本表征方式--耳标技术和听标技术的优缺点做了简单介绍,指出耳标技术是用于小屏幕界面设计的有效方式之一.作者重点概述了耳标的构成元素、构成方式以及信息呈现方式,并从功效学角度对耳标设计原则作了简要总结.