Objective To evaluate the effectivenes of continous passive motion(CPM) on limb function in patients after total knee arthroplasty.MethodsThe Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,MEDLINE,EMBASE,PEDro,CNKI and VIP were retrieved from the date of establishment of the databases to July,2010 to collect randomized controlled trials(RCTs).The quality of RCTs was critically appraised and data were extracted by 4 reviewers independently.Meta-analysis was conducted for the eligible RCTs.Results26 RCTs were included.The result of Meta-analysis showed that CPM improved the range of motion(ROM) in active knee flexion and passive knee flexion,eliminate swelling in short term(6 weeks) and alleviate pain in short and medium term(less than 6 months).CPM showed no significant difference in improving the ROM in active and passive knee extention and quadriceps strength,and shortening hospital stay.ConclusionThe patients carried out CPM training after total knee arthroplasty can effectively improve limb flexion function,eliminate joint swelling,and relieve pain in the short term.But more high-quality and large-scale RCTs are needed.

>护理风险是指在护理过程中不安全因素直接或间接导致病人死亡或伤残后果的可能性,除具有一般风险的特性外,还具有风险水平高、风险不确定性、风险复杂性等。护理风险存在于护理工作的各个环节中。护理风险管理是指医院有组织、有系统地消除或减少护理风险的危害和经济损失,通过对护理风险的分析,寻求护理风险的防范措施,尽可能地减少护

许多研究表明,教师职业是一个高压力的职业.近几年来,国家心理健康教育课题组对国内部分地区教师进行心理调查显示,约50%以上的教师存在大小不等的心理问题[1].而作为临床护理带教老师(简称带教老师),同时扮演着教育者与照顾者双重角色[2],其心理健康状况又如何呢?就这一问题对192名带教老师进行了调查.现介绍如下.

目的 探讨口腔护理对提高咳嗽反射敏感性的效果.方法 将70例老年受试者随机分为干预组和对照组各35例.于受试的30 d内,干预组由专职护理人员于每餐后对受试者进行口腔护理,而对照组按照自己平时的洗嗽方法,只在早上起床后洗漱口腔1次/d.采用柠檬酸超声雾化诱导咳嗽反射法于受试开始后的第1、10、20、30天分别检测2组的咳嗽阈值,并进行比较.结果 干预组的咳嗽反射阈值逐渐降低,而对照组无明显变化.2组的咳嗽反射敏感性比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).干预组第20天和第30天的咳嗽反射敏感性明显高于第1天和第10天(P＜0.05).结论 口腔护理可以提高老年人咳嗽反射的敏感性,从而有效预防吸人性肺炎的发生.

Objective To investigate the clinical nursing teacher's stress and psychology health state and its influential factors. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 192 clinical nursing teachers with the Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the list of Stressors. Results 92.4% clinical nursing teachers have obvious occupation stress. The psychology health levels of clinical teachers were obviously lower than common group. Compared with the national norm, it has significant differences in its SCL-90 respect at interpersonal relationship sensitivity, anxiety, hostility, terror, bigotry and mental diseases, etc. The scores of SAS were obviously higher than those of the national norm. The major factors which depressed the nursing teachers were students' school work and behavior, hospital supervising system and work load, etc. Conclusion Great emphasis should be laid on psychosomatic health of clinical nursing teachers.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP) in the acute myocardial infarction(AMI) patients with chest pain but without ST-segment elevation. Methods A prospective study involving 156 patients with chest pain or chest indisposition was conducted in the out-patient department and the emergency department. The concentrations of BNP and cardiac troponin I(cTnI) were evaluated at their admission. Results Ninety-four patients had AMI without ST elevation, whose BNP level at their admission was significantly higher than that of the patients with unstable angina or non-acute coronary syndrome. The sensitivity and the specificity of BNP for non-ST AMI were 0.63 and 0.42, respectively. BNP in combination with cTnI significantly elevated the sensitivity of diagnosis to 0.99, and the negative predictive value to 0.98. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that BNP at the patieats' admission was a significant independent predictor for non-ST AMI. Conclusions BNP at the patieats' admission is possibly a useful and competent predictor for AMI patients with chest pain but without ST segment elevation, especially for patients whose cTnI value is just beyond the upper limit of normal range but still under the cutoff value.

随着医疗市场的发展,护理本科教育培养目标趋向多元化。本文着重从护理环境及师资建设方面阐述了提高护理本科临床实习质量的方法,对护理本科临床教育进行了一些有益的尝试。

目的:研究临床护理带教老师的焦虑情绪,分析其焦虑情绪产生的原因,为护理教育管理者提供对策.方法:采用Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)对我院192名临床护理带教老师进行了问卷调查,同时以58名临床护士作为对照研究.结果:带教老师SAS与国内常模比较,其得分明显高于国内常模(P＜0.01);带教老师SAS与护士比较,其得分没有统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论;临床带教老师的身心健康状况应引起关注.

目的研究牙拥挤的发生率及对个体的影响.方法选择不同区域的在校中、小学生1 243名作为调查对象,对其牙、颌形态和口腔卫生状况进行综合调查及统计评估.结果青少年的牙列拥挤发生率为28.9%,此一结果无性别和城乡地域差别(P＞0.05);牙列拥挤可导致上颌中线偏移、颜面"审美平面"改变,但它与口腔的卫生状况好坏没有直接联系;拥挤的出现与个体的口腔不良习惯有关.结论牙列拥挤是青少年最常见的错合体征之一,也是寻求正畸治疗的常见原因.

Objective:According to principle of immediate loading implantion,permanent crowns were restorated for superstructures of anterior implants after a short period of operation.Medthods:CDIC one_stage implants were used for missing anterior teeth.Belle_glass or metal porcelain crowns were restorated within one_week operation.Result:After 0.5_2 years follow_up observation,success rate was about 95% in 42 implant cases.The clinic examinations includ implant stability,GI(gingival index),X_rays and crown structure.Conclusion:Without occlusal injury,temporary denture can be replaced by early permanent crown.This new restorative treatment have many advandages such as saving time and cost,keeping alveolar heigh and width,and satisfying esthetic demand.