目的 探讨低剂量扫描在腰椎检查中的可行性.方法 前瞻性搜集行腰椎螺旋CT检查的患者120例,分成A、B、C、D组4组,除管电流外,其余参数均相同,A组用常规管电流320 mAs扫描,B组用200 mAs扫描,C组用100mAs扫描,D组用50 mAs扫描.对4组管电流技术的辐射剂量、图像质量及图像噪声进行统计学分析.结果 4组DLP值差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且各组间的DLP值两两差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);4组椎间盘层面MPR重组图像评分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中D组与A组、B组、C组差异均有统计学意义(均P＜ 0.05),A组、B组、C组两两比较差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05);各组间VR重组图像评分差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05);各组间L3～4、L4～5、L5～S1椎间盘水平SD值差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且两两间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 采用100 mAs管电流扫描所得的椎间盘层面图像能满足诊断要求,且大大降低了患者在检查过程中所受的辐射剂量.
Objective To study CT manifestation and characteristics of neck lymph node metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods From January 2012 to January 2014 in Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Wenzhou City Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 110 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated at the first time were collected, all of the cases were confirmed by pathological biopsy. All patients were given head and neck enhanced CT scanning, the neck lymph node metastasis of patients were observed, CT features of patients with diagram were recorded, the characteristics of CT features and analysis transfer was analyzed. Results Among 110 cases of nasopha-ryngeal carcinoma patients, 65 cases (59.1%) were transfer. The transfer rates of different patients at tumor size, shape, the surrounding invasion and strengthen characteristic analysis were compared, the differences were statistically signifi-cant (χ2=24.301, 19.557, 24.301, 19.557, P<0.05);the transfer rates of different number, calcification, tumor necrosis were compared, the differences were not statistically significant (χ2=0.365, 0.365, 1.058, P> 0.05). Conclusion Age, tumor size, shape and surrounding invasion and strengthening characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient are related with neck lymph node metastasis, and the results provides important reference basis for the diagnosis and dif-ferential diagnosis of head and neck cancer.
目的总结脑血管病患者继发体位性低血压在住院期间的安全护理。方法对82例确诊为脑血管病继发体位性低血压患者进行跌倒、坠床以及心理认知的评估,针对性提出预见性安全防范护理措施,包括高危坠床/跌倒的防范及告知、健康教育、生活护理及用药的观察和护理。结果82例患者在住院期间未发生意外事件,患者及家属的自我防护知识得到明显提高。结论对脑血管继发体位低血压患者,及时评估危险,采取安全护理对策,能有效防止意外发生,保障病人安全。
甲状腺功能亢进(甲亢)患者由于甲状腺激素(TH)分泌增加,而直接或间接作用于心脏,并增加心脏对儿茶酚胺的敏感性,而伴发各种类型心律失常.一般以房性心律失常最常见,主要是房颤和房性期前收缩,其发生原因为:甲亢时心房肌较心室肌有较高的β-肾上腺素受体密度,心房肌、心室肌自主神经支配有差异,心房对甲状腺激素的作用较心室敏感[1].2003年1月-2005年4月我院收治甲亢合并心律失常32例,通过严密的观察和护理及配合药物治疗,取得了满意的疗效,现将护理体会报道如下.
