目的:探讨不同剂量艾司氯胺酮(Esketamine)用于胸腔镜下肺手术患者镇痛效果的研究.方法:选择2021年7月至2021年12月,就诊于首都医科大学宣武医院拟行胸腔镜下肺手术的患者75例,采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组(C组)、低剂量艾司氯胺酮组(L组)和艾司氯胺酮组(E组),每组25例.L组和E组患者切皮前分别静脉注射等容量的艾司氯胺酮0.25 mg/kg和0.5mg/kg,C组患者静脉注射等容量0.9％氯化钠溶液.观察并比较三组患者给药前及给药后1 min、2min、3min、5min、10min、15min、30min的收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压和心率;记录患者术前、术毕即刻、术后30min、1h、6h、12h、24h静息及咳嗽时疼痛数字评分(NRS)、镇静评分(RASS)、术后镇痛药使用情况以及不良反应发生情况、患者恢复情况.结果:三组患者术后30min、1h、6h、12h咳嗽时NRS及术后30min、1h、6h静息时NRS评分均差异有统计意义(P＜0.05);其中L组患者术后30min、1h、12h咳嗽时NRS及1h、6h静息时NRS评分均低于C组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);而E组患者则在30min、1h、6h、12h咳嗽时NRS及术后1h、6h静息时NRS评分均低于C组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).但三组不同时点RASS评分均差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).E组同C组相比,12h舒芬太尼的使用量明显减少(P＜0.05),但L组与C组相比,舒芬太尼使用未见明显减少,且各组患者24h舒芬太尼用量也差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).三组患者不同时间点血流动力学、术后不良反应发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:不同剂量的艾司氯胺酮用于胸腔镜下肺手术患者,可降低患者术后早期疼痛程度,减少镇痛药物的应用.

目的:探讨艾司氯胺酮(Esketamine)用于胸腔镜下肺手术患者镇痛效果的研究.方法:选择2021年1月至2021年9月,就诊于首都医科大学宣武医院行择期胸腔镜下肺手术患者76例,采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组(C组)和艾司氯胺酮组(E组),每组38例.E组切皮前静脉注射艾司氯胺酮0.5mg/kg,C组患者静脉注射等容量0.9％氯化钠溶液.观察并比较两组给药前及给药后1、2、3、5、10、15及30min的收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、心率及脑电双频谱指数(BIS);记录患者术前、术毕即刻、术后30min、1h、6h、12h、24h静息和咳嗽时疼痛数字评分(NRS)、镇静评分(RASS)、术后镇痛药使用情况以及不良反应发生情况.结果:E组术后30min、1、6及12h咳嗽时NRS评分及术后1、6及12h静息时NRS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组RASS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).E组与C组术后12h内舒芬太尼用量分别为(13.33±3.71)μg、(18.16±6.11)μg,E组用量明显低于C组(P＜0.05).E组与C组术后第二个12h舒芬太尼用量分别为(10.77±3.88)μg、(12.38±4.33)μg,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两组患者不同时间点血流动力学及术后不良反应发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:艾司氯胺酮用于胸腔镜下肺手术患者,可降低患者术后早期疼痛程度,减少镇痛药物的应用,亦不影响血流动力学.

目的:探讨动态血压监测无效的影响因素，并分析相关血压数据特征。方法:回顾收集并分析某三级甲等医院2 0 2 1年1月—6月门诊及住院疑诊和确诊为高血压的病人的动态血压监测数据。结果:共收集501份数据，监测成功462份。动态血压监测失败以总成功率＜70%占比（79.5%）最大；住院病人监测无效率高于门诊（P＜0.05）；老年组监测无效率高于中年组及青年组（P＜0.05）。根据血压形态将监测成功的462例病人分为杓型组161例、非杓型组204例和反杓型组97例，不同组别在不同时段的平均血压和脉压差比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论:老年及住院病人血压监测失败率较高，应加强该人群监测前的宣教和监测过程中的巡视；非杓型和反杓型血压的病人各时间段平均血压均较高且心脑血管发生风险高，应尽可能追踪其夜间血压异常的原因并予以纠正。

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) infectious diseases are common diseases in emergency rooms and neurology departments. CNS pathogen identification methods are time consuming and expensive and have low sensitivity and poor specificity. Some studies have shown that bacteria and viruses can produce specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The aim of this study is to find potential biomarkers by VOC analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with bacterial and viral meningitis/encephalitis (ME). Methods: CSF samples from 16 patients with bacterial ME and 42 patients with viral ME were collected, and solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the metabolites in the CSF. Results: There are 2 substances (ethylene oxide and phenol) that were found to be different between the 2 groups. Ethylene oxide was significantly greater in the group of bacterial ME patients than in the viral ME group of patients (p < 0.05). In addition, phenol was remarkably increased in the group of ME patients compared with the bacterial ME patients (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Ethylene oxide and phenol may be potential biomarkers to distinguish bacterial ME and viral ME. VOC analysis of CSF may be used as a supporting tool for clinical diagnosis.

Background: Thrombosis is a common complication in patients with cancer. Whether thromboprophylaxis could benefit patients with cancer is unclear. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the efficacy and safety of thromboprophylaxis in patients with cancer undergoing surgery or chemotherapy. Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, EBSCOhost, and Web of Science for studies published before May 2018 to investigate whether thromboprophylaxis measures were more effective than a placebo in patients with cancer. Results: In total, 33 trials with 11,942 patients with cancer were identified. In patients with cancer undergoing surgery, the administration of thromboprophylaxis was associated with decreasing trends in venous thromboembolism (VTE) [relative risk (RR) 0.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.32-0.81] and DVT (RR 0.53, 95% CI 0.33-0.87). In patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, the administration of thromboprophylaxis reduced the incidences of VTE, DVT, and pulmonary embolism compared with no thromboprophylaxis (RR 0.54, 95% CI 0.40-0.73; RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.31-0.73; RR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32-0.81, respectively). The pooled results regarding major bleeding showed no significant difference between prophylaxis and no prophylaxis in either the surgical or the chemotherapy groups (RR 2.35, 95% CI 0.74-7.52, p = 0.1482, I-2 = 0%; RR 1.30, 95% CI 0.93-1.83, p = 0.1274, I-2 = 0%, respectively). Conclusion: Thromboprophylaxis did not increase major bleeding events or the incidence of thrombocytopenia. All-cause mortality was not significantly different between those who received thromboprophylaxis and those who did not. This meta-analysis provides evidence that thromboprophylaxis can reduce the number of VTE and DVT events, with no apparent increase in the incidence of major bleeding in patients with cancer.

OBJECTIVE:We conducted a systematic review to assess the effects of immunonutrition on chemoradiotherapy patients.METHODS:We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and the Web of Science. We assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Our primary outcomes were the incidence of oral mucositis and diarrhea. The secondary outcomes were the incidence of esophagitis, grade ≥3 oral mucositis, grade ≥3 diarrhea, grade ≥3 esophagitis, and body weight loss.RESULTS:A total of 1478 patients and 27 studies were included. There were no significant differences in the incidence of oral mucositis (relative risk [RR] = 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79-1.05), diarrhea (RR = 0.89; 95% CI, 0.76-1.05), or esophagitis (RR = 0.55; 95% CI, 0.11-2.86) between the immunonutrition group and standard nutrition/placebo group. Nevertheless, immunonutrition significantly reduced the incidence of grade ≥3 oral mucositis (RR = 0.45; 95% CI, 0.22-0.92), grade ≥3 diarrhea (RR = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.35-0.88), grade ≥3 esophagitis (RR = 0.15; 95% CI, 0.04-0.54), and losing >5% body weight (RR = 0.34; 95% CI, 0.18-0.64).CONCLUSIONS:In this study, immunonutrition failed to reduce the incidence rates of oral mucositis, diarrhea, or esophagitis but was conducive to significantly improving the severity of oral mucositis and diarrhea esophagitis and reducing the rate of body weight loss.

目的:总结分析多发性骨髓瘤(Multiple Myeloma,MM)的临床资料和实验室特点,增强对该病的认识,降低漏诊和误诊率.方法:对15例确诊MM患者的临床资料和实验室数据进行回顾性分析.结果:15例确诊的MM患者中,贫血13例,肾功能损害10例,骨痛和骨骼疾患3例,肺部感染1例,颅内占位1例,全血细胞减少1例,升主动脉扩张1例,以贫血、肾功能受损和骨折骨痛最多见.骨髓细胞学检查可见浆细胞比例增高,形态呈多样化,可见双核、多核的骨髓瘤细胞.X线或CT检查可见多发性虫蚀样及穿凿样骨质破坏影,密度低,边界清或不清,甚至出现病理性骨折.血清免疫固定电泳检出M蛋白.结论:多发性骨髓瘤多见于中老年人,随人口老龄化发病率逐年上升,其临床表现复杂多样,引起贫血、感染、肾功能损害、骨痛、病理性骨折,甚至局部肿物或占位等罕见临床症状,缺乏特异性,常造成误诊,在实际工作中临床工作人员应加强对MM的认识,掌握其临床表现的复杂特点,对异常的实验室检查结果应加以综合分析,使多发性骨髓瘤能够得到及时确诊和治疗.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. To date, no non-invasive and specific biomarkers have been identified for the diagnosis of CRC. The analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is attracting increasing attention and provides the possibility of a non-invasive diagnosis. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) have been used to analyze the VOCs released from the headspace gas of LS174T (Dukes' type B colorectal adenocarcinoma) cells, arsenic trioxide (ATO)-treated LS174T cells and the blood from tumor-bearing mice. The data were processed using principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), which showed that the levels of decanal, 2,4-dimethyl- heptane, and twelve other metabolites were significantly greater in the headspace gas of the LS174T cells and blood of tumor-bearing mice. Additionally, in vivo experiments indicated that formic acid, ethenyl ester and p-trimethylsilyloxyphenyl-(trimethylsilyloxy)trimethylsilylacrylate were consumed during tumor growth. In conclusion, VOCs such as 1-methoxy-hexane and 2,4-dimethyl-heptane could be useful diagnostic markers for CRC. Further research should focus on the potential metabolic pathways associated with these profiles.

To investigate the efficacies of different immunotherapies in neonates with suspected or proven sepsis. We searched the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, EBSCOhost, and Web of Science for studies published before May 2019 that investigated different immunotherapies in neonates with suspected or proven sepsis. Comparisons were among immunotherapies and between immunotherapy and placebo. The review was registered in the PROSPERO CRD database. All-cause mortality was not significantly different between patients who received the immunoglobulin (IgG), IgM-enriched immunoglobulin (IgGAM), granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) or granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) immunotherapies and those who received placebo. The RRs of the immunotherapies were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.57 to 1.1), 0.45 (95% CI: 0.17 to 1.0), 0.93 (95% CI: 0.64 to 1.2) and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.39 to 1.1), respectively. Compared with placebo, none of the interventions showed statistically significant differences in the duration of hospital stay. The MDs of the immunotherapies were − 2.7 (95% CI: − 8.4 to 3.5), − 0.18 (95% CI: − 7.3 to 7.7), − 1.7 (95% CI: − 7.3 to 3.9) and − 7.2 (95% CI: − 28 to 13), respectively. No significant differences in all-cause mortality or the duration of hospital stay were found in neonates with suspected or proven sepsis treated with the four types of immunotherapies and those treated with placebo.

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of immunonutrition vs standard nutrition in cancer patients treated with surgery. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, MEDLINE, EBSCOhost, and Web of Science were searched. Sixty-one randomized controlled trials were included. Immunonutrition was associated with a significantly reduced risk of postoperative infectious complications (risk ratio [RR] 0.71 [95% CI, 0.64-0.79]), including a reduced risk of wound infection (RR 0.72 [95% CI, 0.60-0.87]), respiratory tract infection (RR 0.70 [95% CI, 0.59-0.84]), and urinary tract infection (RR 0.69 [95% CI, 0.51-0.94]) as well as a decreased risk of anastomotic leakage (RR 0.70 [95% CI, 0.53-0.91]) and a reduced hospital stay (MD -2.12 days [95% CI -2.72 to -1.52]). No differences were found between the 2 groups with regard to sepsis or all-cause mortality. Subgroup analyses revealed that receiving arginine + nucleotides + omega-3 fatty acids and receiving enteral immunonutrition reduced the rates of wound infection and respiratory tract infection. The application of immunonutrition at 25-30 kcal/kg/d for 5-7 days reduced the rate of respiratory tract infection. Perioperative immunonutrition reduced the rate of wound infection. For malnourished patients, immunonutrition shortened the hospitalization time. Therefore, immunonutrition reduces postoperative infection complications and shortens hospital stays but does not reduce all-cause mortality. Patients who are malnourished before surgery who receive arginine + nucleotides + omega-3 fatty acids (25-30 kcal/kg/d) via the gastrointestinal tract during the perioperative period (5-7 days) may show better clinical efficacy.

Early diagnosis and early treatment are important factors in reducing colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis and mortality. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by the human body have great potential for use in clinical diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring for CRC. The aim of our study was to identify VOCs with high specificity and high sensitivity for CRC and to provide a method for early diagnosis of CRC. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was utilized to analyze metabolites in both the in vivo and in vitro experimental groups. In vivo, VOCs were analyzed in the blood of mice after cell inoculation and tumor resection. In vitro experiments were performed by comparing changes in VOCs in an HCoEpiC cell group, control group, SW620 cell group and Arsenic trioxide + SW620 group. We observed changes in VOCs in a series of CRC SW620 cells in vivo and in vitro. Among these changes, we found that the concentrations of 8 substances, including acetone, increased with tumor growth. Nine substances were found to be significantly elevated in the SW620 cancer cell group compared with the other groups. Only one substance was consumed by the tumor in both the in vivo and in vitro experiments. Our study showed that alkanes, lipids, alcohols, ketones, aldehyde, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane all existed at different levels in SW620 CRC cells compared to those in normal cells. We need more research to further confirm this hypothesis.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious complication in critically ill patients. Patients who require renal replacement therapy (RRT) face a high mortality rate. Questions concerning the intensity of RRT in AKI patients led us to integrate direct and indirect evidence using a network meta-analysis to determine the optimal intensity and mode. Materials and Methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases from 1990 to 2017 that included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing different intensities of RRT to treat AKI in adults (18 years or older). Data regarding study characteristics, methods, and outcomes were extracted. We assessed the studies for eligibility, extracted the data, pooled the data, and used the GeMTC package in R to combine direct comparisons with indirect evidence. Results: Ten RCTs including 3354 participants were included in the network meta-analysis. The higher intensity continuous renal replacement treatment (CRRT) (to exceed 35 mL/kg/h) and the higher intensity IRRT (to exceed six times per week) both showed no statistical significance. Further analysis for higher intensity CRRT, lower intensity CRRT, higher intensity IRRT, and lower intensity IRRT also revealed no significance. Conclusions: This meta-analysis showed that increasing the intensity of CRRT to exceed 35 mL/kg/h and six times per week for intermittent RRT (IRRT) did not reduce mortality or the rate of dependence on dialysis among AKI patients.

Background Our goal was to conduct a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to compare the effects of the long-axis (LAX), short-axis (SAX), and oblique-axis (OAX) ultrasound guidance approaches for vascular access cannulation. Methods We searched 5 databases, including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in the Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Web of Science. Seven randomized clinical trials assessing ultrasound guidance for vascular access cannulation via the LAX, SAX, or OAX approach were included. The primary end point was the first-pass success rate. Secondary end points included the mean time to success and average number of attempts until success. We used random-effects models to calculate weighted mean differences with 95% confidence intervals for continuous outcomes and relative risks with 95% confidence intervals for dichotomous outcomes. Results There were no significant differences between the LAX, SAX, and OAX techniques with respect to the first-pass success rate, mean time to success, average number of attempts until success, or the incidence of hematoma. Conclusion There was insufficient evidence to definitively recommend the LAX, SAX, or OAX approach for patients undergoing ultrasound-guided vascular access cannulation.

Catheter-related blood-stream infections (CRBSIs) are the most common complication when using central venous catheters (CVCs). Whether coating CVCs under bundles could further reduce the incidence of CRBSIs is unclear. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of implementing the use of bundles with antimicrobial-coated CVCs for preventing catheter-related blood-stream infections.

Background Volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis provides an elegant approach for colorectal cancer screening. An organic compound with a high vapor pressure or volatility can be detected in the headspace of cancer cells or blood samples. Therefore, analyzing VOCs in the blood of rats inoculated with colorectal cancer tissue and in SW480 medium from cultured colorectal cancer cells may provide accurate results. Methods After collecting venous blood from rats inoculated with cancer cells at different times, the cancer tissue was removed from the inoculated rats, and the medium was harvested from the cancer cells and cultured in the presence or absence of a chemotherapy drug of intestinal epithelial cells. We used solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) to analyze the headspace of the blood and media to evaluate the VOC profiles. Statistical analysis was conducted using principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least-squares analysis (OP-LSDA). Results The in vivo and in vitro analyses of the colorectal cancer samples revealed a variety of compounds, such as cyclohexanone, 1-hexanol, 2-ethyl-, butylated hydroxytoluene, cyclotrisiloxane, hexamethyl-, pentanoic acid, 2,2,4-trimethyl-3-hydroxy-isobutyl ester and acetone. Butylated hydroxytoluene is unique with regard to its presence during tumor growth and resection; it is also present during tumor cell growth and necrosis. Acetone showed unique trends in the in vivo experimental group. Conclusions By analyzing VOC fingerprints related to colorectal cancer (CRC), we found that butylated hydroxytoluene and acetone have unique signatures that may provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and disease assessment.

Background: Stress ulcers can affect the prognosis of critically ill patients. However, is stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) necessary for critically ill patients? What is the best choice of SUP? There are no specific answers to these two questions. The aim of our study was to conduct a conventional pairwise meta-analysis to assess the effects of SUP versus no prophylaxis and to perform a network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antiulcer drugs for SUP in adult critically ill patients. Methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and the Web of Science using a combination of MeSH and text  words relevant to SUP, critically ill patients, adults, proton pump inhibitors  (PPIs), histamine-2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs), sucralfate, and antacids, together with randomized controlled trials from the date of database inception to July 5, 2017. We extracted relevant information using a predefined data extraction form and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Our primary outcome was the incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. The secondary outcome was all-cause mortality and the risk of pneumonia. Findings: A total of 73 randomized controlled trials, with a total of 10,509 adult critically ill patients, were identified in our study. In the pairwise meta-analysis, we found a statistically significant  difference between SUP and no prophylaxis for GI bleeding (RR 0·45, 95% CI 0·38 to 0·53) but no statistically significant differences in mortality (RR 0·96, 95% CI 0·84 to 1·10) or the risk of  pneumonia (RR 1·15, 95% CI 0·91 to 1·46). In a 5-node network meta-analysis, pooled effect sizes suggested that, compared to no prophylaxis, all interventions were associated with reduced GI bleeding. Additionally, compared to PPIs (RR 0·60, 95% CI 0·47 to 0·76) and H2RAs (RR 0·77, 95% CI 0·67 to 0·88), sucralfate was associated with a reduction in pneumonia. In an 11-node network meta-analysis, omeprazole was significantly more effective than cimetidine, ranitidine, and sucralfate in preventing GI bleeding, while compared to omeprazole, pantoprazole and ranitidine, sucralfate was associated with a decreased risk of pneumonia. In terms of mortality, the combined results showed no statistically significant differences in any comparisons. Interpretation: SUP is necessary for preventing GI bleeding in adult critically ill patients. We recommend sucralfate as a better choice for SUP in adult critically ill patients. Funding: This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81402462, 81571871 and 81770276) and the Yuweihan Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars. Declaration of interests: We declare no competing interests.

来华学医的留学生是个特殊群体,传统病原生物学与免疫学实验教学不适合留学生,教学效果不甚理想.因此,根据留学生特点因材施教,设计适合的模块式实验教学并初步应用于实践,取得了较好的教学效果.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness evaluation of application effect of pain knowledge training for obstetric nurses on improving quality and satisfaction of nursing in department of gynaecology and obstetrics.Methods A total of 30 obstetric nurses form December 2013 to January 2015 in author's hospital were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 15 nurses in each group.The obstetric nurses in the observation group were given theory knowledge training about pain nursing as well as pain nursing,while the control group was not given any training.The comparisons of mastery of knowledge and 4 questionnaire scores (pain general knowledge,pain assessment knowledge,pain medication knowledge and pain intervention) were undergone between the two groups,the comparisons of pain care satisfaction and satisfaction with pain relief were also undergone between the two groups.Results The pain knowledge score in the observation group after training was higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The pain care satisfaction and satisfaction with pain relief in the observation group were higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Pain knowledge training can enhance the knowledge command about pain and improve nursing satisfaction,so it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To explore the role of mouse interleukin-6 receptor fusion protein (mIL-6RFP)for the pro-tection of liver cells in the model of BALB /c mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum.Methods Nickel ion col-umn was used to obtain purified recombinant mIL-6RFP protein.In vitro,HepG2 cells were used to verify the bio-logical activity of mIL-6RFP.BALB /c mice were administrated by tail vein injection with 100 μg of mIL-6RFP or equal volume solvent,at 24,26,28,30,32,34,36,38,and 40 days after infection.Mice were sacrificed 48 h after the last injection.The granuloma size was measured in the mouse liver by HE staining.Interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-13 (IL-13 ),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1)mRNA levels in mouse liver tissue were detected by RT-PCR.Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)and as-partate transaminase (AST)were measured by the continuous monitoring method.Results HepG2 cells experi-ments showed that mIL-6RFP could reduce the effect of IL-6 on HepG2 cells,fibrinogen (FGG)and haptoglobin (HP)was significantly reduced (P <0.05).In the BALB /c mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum,when IL-6 was blocked the levels of ALT and AST were decreased significantly (P <0.05)compared with that of the solvent group,while there was no significant difference on granuloma formation.Conclusion In the BALB /c mice infec-ted with Schistosoma japonicum,mIL-6RFP can significantly improve the liver function but no obvious effect on granuloma formation.

Objective To investigate the anti-schistosomiasis effect of Tsp2/Sj29 ku protein from Schistosoma japonicum. Methods The recombinant protein pet32a/SjTsp2/Sj29 ku induced and expressed by IPTG was puri-fied. Twenty nine female 6-week old mice were randomly divided into 3 groups ( Protein vaccine Group, Thioredox-in Group and Control Group). In Protein vaccine Group (n=10), each mouse was immunized subcutaneously with 50 μg SjTsp2/Sj29 ku plus equal volume Freund's complete adjuvant in 0 day. 12 and 24 days later, each mouse was re-immunized subcutaneously with 50 μg SjTsp2/Sj29 ku plus equal volume Freund's incomplete adjuvant. In Thioredoxin Group ( n=10 ) and Control Group ( n=9 ) , each mouse was immunized with thioredoxin and saline respectively. Ten days after last immunization, each mouse was challenged with 30±2 cercaria of Schistosoma ja-ponicum. On the 45th day post-infection, the mice were exeuted. The worm and egg reduction rates were calculat-ed. The sera was collected from orbital blood. The levels of IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG3 and IgM antibodies in mouse sera were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay ( ELISA) . The level of IFN-γ and IL-4 was also detected by ELISA. Results Pet32a/SjTsp2/Sj29 ku was obtained as expected. The worm reduction rates and egg reduction rates in Protein vaccine Group were 23. 95% (P<0.05)and 55. 57% (P<0.05) respectively, com-pared with the Control Group. There was no statistical significance ( P >0.05 ) between Thioredoxin Group and Control Group in worm reduction rates and egg reduction rates. In Protein vaccine Group, IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b were remarkably higher than that of Control Group, while IgG3 and IgM did not remarkably change. In comparison with the Control Group, the levels of IFN-γand IL-4 of the mice in Protein vaccine Group were obviously augmen-ted (P<0.01). Conclusion The mice, which have been immunized with Tsp2/Sj29 ku show a partial immune protection;the protein vaccine of SjTsp2/Sj29 ku could induce the mixed immune responses of Th1 and Th2 .