Effector proteins secreted by pathogens play critical roles in suppressing host immunity and facilitating infection. In this study, we identified and characterized the putative disulfide-isomerase effector protein Pb001683 from the clubroot pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae, a major threat to cruciferous crops. Transgenic plants overexpressing Pb001683 exhibited increased susceptibility to P. brassicae, supporting its role in pathogenicity. Subcellular localization analysis showed that Pb001683 was localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and nucleus in host cells. Co-immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry (CoIP-MS) analysis identified 353 candidate host proteins associated with Pb001683, suggesting a broad network of potential host targets. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment indicated that these proteins were enriched in processes such as carboxylic acid metabolic process and oxoacid metabolic process. The interaction between Pb001683 and BrCYP83A1 was further validated using the split-luciferase assay. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays showed that Pb001683-overexpressing plants exhibited elevated ROS levels compared with the control. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of clubroot pathogenesis and highlight potential strategies for enhancing crop resistance by targeting effector-host interactions.

BrRLP1 positively regulates the resistance to downy mildew in Brassica rapa by interacting with the monodehydroascorbate reductase BrMDAR1. Downy mildew is a devastating disease that severely affects the yield and quality in Brassica rapa. Receptor-like protein (RLP) is important for plants disease-resistant response. Here, a new downy mildew resistance gene, BrRLP1, was identified in Brassica rapa through GWAS analysis and QTL mapping. BrRLP1 encodes a membrane-localized receptor-like protein, and its expression level showed significant differences in the resistant and susceptible materials after inoculation with downy mildew. Transient expression and transgenic functional verification revealed that BrRLP1 is a positive regulator for the downy mildew resistance. All the BrRLP1R overexpressed plants exhibited a high-resistance phenotype to downy mildew after inoculation. Haplotype analysis revealed that the SNP309 in the LRR domain of BrRLP1 is a key functional site for the resistance difference to downy mildew. Y2H and LCI assays showed that BrRLP1 can interact with the monodehydroascorbate reductase BrMDAR1, which is involved in the ascorbic acid metabolic pathway. Our results revealed the function of BrRLP1 in regulation of downy mildew resistance by interacting with BrMDAR1, which provides new insight into the molecular mechanism underlying disease resistance immune response in Brassica rapa.

Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) is a key leafy vegetable crop across Asian. In recent years, premature bolting has been exacerbated by global climate change and off-season cultivation practices. Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) is a key leafy vegetable crop across Asia. Premature flowering frequently occurs under abiotic stresses, while parallel growth retardation significantly reduces plant yield. Here we showed that overexpression of BrHIS4.A04 significantly accelerated flowering, mediated by upregulation of FT1 and SOC1 alongside suppression of FLC homologs. This genetic reprogramming, however, increases drought susceptibility through concurrent downregulation of stress-responsive genes. Mechanistically, BrHIS4.A04 triggered ROS biosynthesis, while pharmacological inhibition of ROS delayed flowering specifically in overexpression lines. Notably, BrHIS4.A04 overexpression suppressed a key regulatory network governing cell proliferation, including downregulation of TCP14/TCP24, SDD1, and six other genes critical for cell cycle progression and meristem activity. This suppression led to reduced rosette diameter, plant height, and leaf number, culminating in a decrease in biomass. Collectively, our findings reveal a histone protein that integrates redox signaling and cell cycle regulation to orchestrate developmental transitions, offering insights for crop improvement strategies targeting flowering time and yield stability.

Choy Sum (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis var. parachinensis), also known as flowering Chinese cabbage, is an important stalk vegetable in Asia. However, the unique regulatory mechanism governing its "easy-bolting yet susceptible to premature bolting" trait remains poorly understood. The phosphatidyl ethanolamine-binding protein (PEBP) family serves as a central regulator of bolting, flowering, and growth development in plants. But this gene family has not been systematically identified and studied in Choy Sum yet. Therefore, this study systematically identified and analyzed the members of the PEBP gene family in Choy Sum using bioinformatics, transcriptomics, real-time fluorescence quantification, subcellular localization, and transgenic techniques. A total of 12 BcPEBP genes were identified and categorized into three subfamilies: FT-like, TFL1-like, and MFT-like. Phylogenomic analyses revealed family expansion through whole-genome duplication with strong purifying selection. Most members have highly conserved core motifs and gene structures. Protein sequence alignment showed that BcFT-2 and BcTFL-2 underwent non-synonymous mutations at key residues. The analysis of cis-acting elements suggests that the BcPEBP gene may be influenced by complex hormone and light regulatory networks. Expression profiling demonstrated leaf-specific upregulation of BcFT-1/2 during development and shoot apices-predominant expression of BcTFL1 genes, and the expression between homologous genes of BcTFL1-1/3 is more refined. Subcellular localization confirmed dual nuclear and plasma membrane targeting of BcFT-1/2 proteins. Overexpression of BcFT-1/2 in transgenic Arabidopsis promotes flowering. These findings establish BcPEBP genes as key bolting regulators and provide molecular targets for breeding-improved varieties.

Introduction:Brassica rapa plants often face combined or sequential abiotic stresses, but the potential negative association between salt/drought tolerance and thermotolerance remains poorly understood. Most studies have focused on individual stress responses, leaving the regulatory networks that may constrain broad-spectrum resilience largely unexplored. Methods:Here, we propose a hormone- and anthocyanin-centered framework for understanding this apparent negative association in B. rapa, based on integrated physiological, transcriptomic, hormonal and metabolic analyses across diverse inbred lines. Results:Physiological characterization of 11 lines revealed an apparent negative association (salt vs. heat: r = -0.555; drought vs. heat: r = -0.339). Time-resolved transcriptomics uncovered stress-specific temporal patterns: a triphasic response under salt stress, a 'rapid response-readjustment-reactivation' pattern under drought, and a biphasic mechanism under heat stress. Hormonal profiling identified ABA and ethylene biosynthesis-related metabolites as correlates of osmotic adaptation. The chalcone synthase gene BraA10g024990.3C (CHS) showed genotype- and stress-specific expression and correlated with anthocyanin accumulation. Exogenous hormone treatments indicated that ABA and ethylene induce, while GA represses, CHS-mediated anthocyanin production. Discussion:Despite the correlative nature of these data, this study provides a candidate regulatory axis and suggests that hormone-directed anthocyanin metabolism may contribute to the negative association between osmotic tolerance and thermotolerance in B. rapa, offering targets for breeding multi-stress-resilient crops.

Downy mildew, caused by the biotrophic oomycete Hyaloperonospora parasitica, is one of the most devastating diseases affecting global Brassica production. Despite its significant impact, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying both compatible and incompatible interactions of H. parasitica and Brassica rapa remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified an H. parasitica RXLR effector, DM459, which demonstrates the ability to induce autophagy by targeting BraATG8i, a key component of autophagosome formation, as confirmed by multiple in vivo and in vitro assays. BraATG8i is a positive regulator of defense against downy mildew, which was determined by the BraATG8i overexpression and RNA interference in B. rapa. Furthermore, the effector DM459 interacts with BraATG8i as well as BraATG4, BraATG3, and BraATG7-core proteins required for autophagosome assembly. This interaction-enhanced autophagy contributed to elevated disease resistance. Moreover, pathogen inoculation or DM459 presence stimulated salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis, which in turn activated BraATG8i expression and further elevated autophagy. Collectively, our results demonstrated that the effector DM459 triggers autophagy by directly targeting BraATG proteins and simultaneously activates SA signaling, which consequently enhances plant resistance to downy mildew.

Brassica rapa is one of the most important vegetable crops with the largest cultivation area in China. Compared with other genotyping technologies, the Affymetrix Axiom genotyping with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array has become popular due to its high-throughput, flexibility, and efficiency. In this study, we successfully developed the first SNP14K array for B. rapa based on resequencing data from 189 accessions. The array contains 148,399 high-quality SNPs evenly distributed across the genome. Minor Allele Frequency (MAF) analysis indicated that these SNPs are highly polymorphic. Principal component analysis (PCA) clearly distinguished different subspecies among the 189 ​B. rapa accessions. Population structure and phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that the 148,399 high-quality SNPs are representative. Next, we assessed the genetic relationships of 97 ​B. rapa varieties using the SNP14K array on the Axiom genotyping system. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these 97 cultivars were divided into seven distinct subpopulations: Chinese cabbage, Pak choi, Wawacai, Baibangkuaicai, Qingbangkuaicai, Caixin, and one mixed type. In addition, major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to leaf trichome and flowering time were accurately identified using the SNP14K array. This newly developed SNP14K array provides a valuable tool for genetic diversity analysis, gene/QTL mapping, and molecular breeding in B. rapa.

Postharvest leaf senescence is a pivotal determinant influencing the quality and shelf life of leafy vegetables, exemplified by pak choi (Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis). While the regulatory role of gibberellin (GA) in modulating leaf senescence has been documented across diverse plant species, the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms remain insufficiently characterized. This study, through a combination of transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, investigated the effect of exogenous GA on postharvest leaf senescence in pak choi. GA treatment alleviated etiolation, maintained chlorophyll levels, reduced conductivity and malondialdehyde content, and delayed the onset of senescence symptoms in postharvest pak choi. Transcriptome profiling indicated that GA suppressed the expression of the senescence-associated genes BraSRGs and BraSAGs. In addition, GA influenced chlorophyll degradation and preserved chlorophyll content by modulating the expression of genes implicated in chlorophyll metabolism, including BraPPH, BraSGR1, BraNYCI, and BraPAO. GA treatment impacted lipid levels and regulated the degradation of membrane phospholipids. Furthermore, exogenous GA treatment disrupted the efficacy of the jasmonic acid signal pathway, primarily through the transcriptional downregulation of key regulatory genes, including BraJAZ10 and BraJAR1. These results provide insights into the role of GA in delaying postharvest leaf senescence and highlight potential targets for improving postharvest management in leafy vegetables.

Chinese cabbage production faces critical mechanization challenges due to traditional plant architectures that limit mechanical harvesting efficiency. Traditional breeding prioritized short-hypocotyl varieties to prevent damping-off, but long hypocotyls are now critical for mechanical harvesting. We identified BrHB52, an HD-Zip transcription factor, as a key regulator of hypocotyl elongation through quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, RNA-seq, and haplotype analysis. BrHB52 expression was significantly higher in the long-hypocotyl variety R031L than in the short-hypocotyl variety R032S. Overexpression of BrHB52 in both Chinese cabbage and Arabidopsis led to elongated hypocotyls. The silencing of BrHB52 in R031L resulted in a reduction of hypocotyl length. Sequence alignment revealed a 251-bp insertion in the BrHB52 promoter of the long-hypocotyl variety R031L, which introduced the light-responsive GT-1 motifs. The upstream transcription factors Phytochrome-interacting factor4 (PIF4) and B-box zinc finger 24 (BBX24) were identified through yeast one-hybrid screening using the BrHB52 R031L promoter sequence. PIF4 were found to bind to the both BrHB52 R031L and BrHB52 R032S promoters and activate their expression through G-box, while light-induced factor BBX24 only bind to the BrHB52 R031L promoter and activate its expression by light-responsive element GT-1. Our findings elucidate a BrPIF4/BrBBX24-BrHB52 regulatory module that controls plant architecture through hypocotyl elongation. These findings not only provide critical genetic targets for developing mechanization-compatible Chinese cabbage, but also develop transgenic prototypes with elongated hypocotyls, offering practical resources for mechanized breeding.

Pathogens significantly restrict the production of Brassica rapa (B. rapa L. ssp. Pekinensis), with climate change and evolving planting patterns exacerbating disease prevalence. Multichannel rapid diagnostic methods in the field can facilitate the early detection and control of diseases in B. rapa. Here, we established a multichannel lateral flow biosensor (LFB) combined with a CRISPR/Cas12a cleavage assay for the simultaneous detection of four B. rapa diseases. Key innovations of this study include: (1) High specificity and sensitivity, down to pathogen concentrations of 1.5 pg/mu l-due to the optimization of crRNA secondary structure: the more stable the crRNA, the higher its detection sensitivity. (2) Optimized visual detection parameters. We identified ideal concentration ratios for the visual fluorescence detection system: 50 nM Cas12a, 50 nM crRNA, and 500 nM ssDNA fluorescent probe. Furthermore, the optimal concentrations of components on the LFB detection system were 3 mu l SA-GNPs, 500 nM ssDNA test strip probe, 0.5 mg/ml biotin-BSA as the test line, and 1 mg/ml anti-FITC as the control line. (3) Field-Ready Cas-AIRPA Platform. We developed the on-site Cas-AIRPA platform for the simultaneous detection of B. rapa pathogens by combining rapid nucleic acid extraction and a four-channel lateral flow biosensor (4-LFB), which quickly provides disease-related information through a specific 2D barcode. Analysis of B. rapa samples in the field confirmed the suitability of the Cas-AIRPA platform for rapid (similar to 25 min) and simultaneous on-site detection of four diseases of B. rapa. This platform can also be adapted to detect other plant diseases in the field.

The soil-resident pathogen, Plasmodiophora brassicae, infects cruciferous crops, causing obligate parasitic clubroot disease and posing a significant threat to the Brassica vegetable industry in China. To learn more about its pathogenesis, we reported a Nanopore sequencing-derived 25.3 Mb high-quality genome sequence of P. brassicae pathotype 4 strain (P.b 4). Comparing the P.b 4 genome with that of the published P. brassicae e3 genome (P.b e3) identified single nucleotide polymorphisms, structural variations, and small insertions and deletions. We then carried out RNA-sequencing of root samples from a clubroot-susceptible line at 5, 14, and 28 days after inoculation (DAI), and classified genes into five categories based on their expression patterns. Interestingly, 158 genes were highly expressed at 14 DAI, which were enriched in budding cell isotropic bud growth, ascospore wall assembly, spore wall assembly, spore wall biogenesis, and ascospore wall biogenesis. Subsequently, we bioinformatically predicted 555 secreted effector candidates, among which only 125 were expressed during infection and had amino acid lengths less than 400. The putative effector Pb010018, which was highly expressed at 14 DAI, was validated to have a signal peptide using a yeast secretion system. Luciferase activity and co-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that Pb010018 interacts with serine hydroxymethyltransferase BrSHMT1, and expression analysis showed that SHMT1 was upregulated in both Arabidopsis and B. rapa during infection. Furthermore, after infection, the Arabidopsis shmt1 mutant (atshmt1) showed reduced severity of clubroot disease, together with downregulated expression of Pb010018. Our results offer new insights into plant-pathogen interaction mechanisms, and provide the possibility for improving Brassica resistance to clubroot disease.

In recent decades, neonicotinoids (NEOs) have become widely adopted in agriculture for the control of crop pests and plant pathogens, leading to improved crop yields and enhanced agricultural productivity. However, the prolonged and widespread use of NEOs has raised significant concerns regarding their environmental persistence, food safety, and public health risks. These pesticides have been shown to contaminate various environmental compartments, including soil, surface water, and groundwater, posing potential hazards to ecosystems and human health. Microbes play a crucial role in mitigating the environmental impact of toxic pesticides, with microbial degradation emerging as a promising, cost-effective strategy for degrading pesticide residues. Several sulfoxaflor (SUL)-degrading microbes have been isolated and characterized, yet the identification of microbes, genes, and enzymes responsible for the degradation of NEOs remains an area requiring further investigation. Despite some progress, few reviews have comprehensively addressed the underlying mechanisms of NEOs degradation. This paper provides a detailed review of research on the environmental distribution, exposure risks, and ecotoxicological effects of NEOs, with a particular focus on the environmental fate of SUL. It aims to offer a novel perspective on the fate of NEOs in the environment, their potential toxicological effects, and the role of microbes in mitigating their impact.

Downy mildew is a major disease that significantly impacts the yield and quality of Brassica rapa. While histone deacetylase (HDAC) family members are implicated in stress responses, their role in regulating downy mildew resistance in B. rapa remains unclear. Herein, we treated the susceptible B. rapa line R32 with Trichostatin A (TSA), a potent HDAC inhibitor. Notably, TSA application significantly enhanced the susceptibility of B. rapa seedlings to downy mildew infection, demonstrating that HDAC plays a crucial role in mediating resistance against this pathogen. Subsequently, we conducted phylogenetic analysis of HDAC family members and performed high-throughput sequencing to assess HDAC gene expression patterns in the resistant (R31) and susceptible (R32) lines following downy mildew inoculation. Notably, the expression of BrHDA6 was significantly higher in the resistant line R31 compared to the susceptible line R32, suggesting its potential role in disease resistance. Using a genetic transformation system, we generated stable transgenic B. rapa plants overexpressing or silenced for BrHDA6. Inoculation with the downy mildew pathogen revealed that BrHDA6 positively regulates disease resistance. Modification omics and parallel reaction monitoring analysis demonstrated that BrHDA6 directly reduces the acetylation level of sulphotransferase 12 (BrSOT12), which likely enhances sulfotransferase activity, consequently boosting salicylic acid production during downy mildew infection. Interaction between BrHDA6 and BrSOT12 was further validated through yeast two-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays. Our study reveals that BrHDA6 confers downy mildew resistance in B. rapa through nonhistone protein deacetylation of BrSOT12, uncovering a novel regulatory mechanism in plant-pathogen interactions.

Global warming has a severe impact on the flowering time and yield of crops. Histone modifications have been well-documented for their roles in enabling plant plasticity in ambient temperature. However, the factor modulating histone modifications and their involvement in habitat adaptation have remained elusive. In this study, through genome-wide pattern analysis and quantitative-trait-locus (QTL) mapping, we reveal that BrJMJ18 is a candidate gene for a QTL regulating thermotolerance in thermotolerant B. rapa subsp. chinensis var. parachinensis (or Caixin, abbreviated to Par). BrJMJ18 encodes an H3K36me2/3 Jumonji demethylase that remodels H3K36 methylation across the genome. We demonstrate that the BrJMJ18 allele from Par (BrJMJ18(Par)) influences flowering time and plant growth in a temperature-dependent manner via characterizing overexpression and CRISPR/Cas9 mutant plants. We further show that overexpression of BrJMJ18(Par) can modulate the expression of BrFLC3, one of the five BrFLC orthologs. Furthermore, ChIP-seq and transcriptome data reveal that BrJMJ18(Par) can regulate chlorophyll biosynthesis under high temperatures. We also demonstrate that three amino acid mutations may account for function differences in BrJMJ18 between subspecies. Based on these findings, we propose a working model in which an H3K36me2/3 demethylase, while not affecting agronomic traits under normal conditions, can enhance resilience under heat stress in Brassica rapa.

Turnip mosaic virus （TuMV） constitutes one of the primary diseases affecting Brassica rapa,severely impacting its production and resulting in crop failures in various regions worldwide.Recent research has demonstrated the significance of plant translation initiation factors,specifically the eIF4E and eIF4G family genes,as essential recessive disease resistance genes.In our study,we conducted evolutionary and gene expression studies,leading us to identify e IF（iso）4E.c as a potential TuMV-resistant gene.Leveraging CRISPR/Cas9 technology,we obtained mutant B.rapa plants with edited eIF（iso）4E.c gene.We confirmed eIF（iso）4E.c confers resistance against TuMV through phenotypic observations and virus content evaluations.Furthermore,we employed ribosome profiling assays on eif（iso）4e.c mutant seedlings to unravel the translation landscape in response to TuMV.Interestingly,we observed a moderate correlation between the fold changes in gene expression at the transcriptional and translational levels （R 2 =0.729）.Comparative analysis of ribosome profiling and RNA-seq data revealed that plant-pathogen interaction,and MAPK signaling pathway-plant pathways were involved in eIF（iso）4E.c-mediated TuMV resistance.Further analysis revealed that sequence features,coding sequence length,and normalized minimal free energy,influenced the translation efficiency of genes.Our study highlights that the loss of e IF（iso）4E.c can result in a highly intricate translation mechanism,acting synergistically with transcription to confer resistance against TuMV.

ABSTRACTThe senescence of leafy vegetables is inherent and general after harvest. DNA methylation affects the senescence process of plant leaves. Limited studies have explored the impact of exogenous methylation inhibitors on postharvest vegetables and the mechanisms of their effects on the transcriptome and metabolome during storage. In this study, pak choi was immersed in 100 mg L−1 of 5‐azacytidine (AZ) (an inhibitor of methyltransferase) solutions, indicated that AZ yielded significant acceleration in leaf senescence. Compared to the control group, the AZ‐treated pak choi exhibited faster weight loss, higher malondialdehyde content, greater color change, and higher chlorophyllase activity. Transcriptomic and widely targeted metabolomic analyses were then performed on pak choi samples. Transcriptomic investigation disclosed that the chlorophyll degradation genes BraSGR2 and BraPPH were upregulated by AZ, leading to the degradation of more chlorophyll content. AZ effectively stimulated upregulation of the senescence‐associated genes (BraSAG20, BraSAG21, BraSRG1, and BraSRG2), thereby accelerating the pace of the senescence process. The widely targeted metabolomic analyses demonstrated that AZ downregulated the flavonoid synthase genes BraFLS1 and BraF3H, causing a relative decline in flavonoid levels. The study also unveiled a diminution in carbohydrate content during storage, further exacerbated by AZ. To encapsulate, our preliminary findings suggest that the application of AZ effectively accelerates the process of leaf senescence in stored pak choi, which helps us understand the relationship between DNA demethylation and vegetable senescence.

Increasing plant resistance to Verticillium wilt (VW), which causes massive losses of Brassica rapa crops, is a challenge worldwide. However, few causal genes for VW resistance have been identified by forward genetic approaches, resulting in limited application in breeding. We combine a genome-wide association study in a natural population and quantitative trait locus mapping in an F2 population and identify that the MYB transcription factor BrMYB108 regulates plant resistance to VW. A 179 bp insertion in the BrMYB108 promoter alters its expression pattern during Verticillium longisporum (VL) infection. High BrMYB108 expression leads to high VL resistance, which is confirmed by disease resistance tests using BrMYB108 overexpression and loss-of-function mutants. Furthermore, we verify that BrMYB108 confers VL resistance by regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through binding to the promoters of respiratory burst oxidase genes (Rboh). A loss-of-function mutant of AtRbohF in Arabidopsis shows significant susceptibility to VL. Thus, BrMYB108 and its target ROS genes could be used as targets for genetic engineering for VL resistance of B. rapa.

Purple heading Chinese cabbage has become popular in recent years due to its attractive color and health benefits. However, purple varieties remain rare, and the regulation mechanism of anthocyanin accumulation in Chinese cabbage is still largely unknown. By introducing the purple color trait from Brassica juncea, a new purple heading Chinese cabbage cultivar (18M-245) was generated with deep purple leaves at both the seedling and adult stages. Anthocyanin accumulation in 18M-245 increased when grown at low temperatures. FISH and genotyping results showed that the purple trait was caused by an alien chromosome addition line derived from the Brassica B genome. The LDOX coding gene BjuB014115 from the addition line was highly expressed in 18M-245, consistent with the results of anthocyanin accumulation. Meanwhile, several MYB and bHLH transcriptional factors from the Brassica A genome were found to directly bind to the promoter of BjuB014115, suggesting that interactions between the Brassica A and B genomes are involved in the regulatory network of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Chinese cabbage. Our results provide new insights into the regulation mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple heading Chinese cabbage.

京箭70是由自交不亲和系16-1283和16-1366杂交选育而成的中熟绍菜类型大白菜一代杂种.生育期70 d(天)左右,植株直立,株高约55 cm,开展度约67 cm,外叶绿色,叶面多毛刺;叶球拧抱﹑长筒形,球顶尖,球高约50 cm,横径约11 cm;单球净菜质量2.3 kg左右,每667 m2 净菜产量5500 kg左右,田间对病毒病﹑霜霉病的抗性强于对照日本70绍菜,适宜北京、河北、天津、云南、广西等地种植.

育种的本质是种质创新,种质又是品种选育的基本材料.以大白菜07-882为母本,芸薹属异源六倍体AABBCC(2n=6x=54)CGMCC No.2553的双单倍体DH系"abc3-1"为父本进行杂交、多代自交,创制出中熟、合抱类型的大白菜新种质(07-882×a b c3-1)2.(07-882×a b c3-1)2具有球形美观、菜薹白色、叶片浅绿色、花瓣浅黄色等特点;继续以(07-882×abc3-1)2为母本,与"小花菜♂"父本杂交并多代自交,采用叶片颜色浅、花色浅黄等作为选择新种质的标记性状,快速获得了"(07-882×a b c3-1)2×小花菜♂"新种质;同时,以创制的新种质(07-882×a b c3-1)2和(07-882×a b c3-1)2×小花菜♂为父本,以菜心细胞质不育系为母本分别试配组合,选育出19AT4菜薹和20E T9菜薹等新品种,并在广州和宁夏等地广泛推广应用,因其菜薹白色,条形顺直,抗性好,产量高,效益稳定,市场前景较好.