目的 评估X线片在钛合金笼植入治疗犬股骨头缺血性坏死中的作用效果.方法 20只普通级健康成年雄性杂交犬,根据实验目的分为2组:对照组(n=10)通过液氮冷冻浇灌造成犬股骨头缺血性坏死模型,进行后期维护,预防伤口感染;实验组(n=10)造成股骨头缺血性坏死后进行钛合金笼植入治疗,并做好伤口护理.每天观察健康状况、伤口愈合和术后并发症.通过高级骨分析仪分析股骨头的骨矿物质密度和小梁厚度.通过使用Image-Pro Plus 6.0获得切片组织的股骨头宽度和小梁面积百分比.Masson三色染色和CD31免疫组织化学染色分析新骨形成和股骨头微血管密度.通过X线片和组织学分析对犬软骨和股骨头缺损进行评估.术后12周观察比较犬跛行状态.结果 实验组较对照组骨矿物质密度和股骨头小梁厚度增大,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).实验组较对照组的小梁面积百分比和小梁宽度升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).X线片显示,对照组和实验组重建后12周时犬股骨头的术后变化.在对照组中观察到关节塌陷,实验组中股骨头的轮廓保存完好.实验组较对照组的新骨形成面积和微血管密度升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).实验组较对照组放射学评分和组织学评分升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).实验组较对照组犬跛行严重程度降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 将钛合金笼植入坏死的股骨头并没有改变股骨头的形状,通过X线片可以发现再生的海绵骨可长入笼内,重建、修复、置换坏死的骨组织,形成海绵骨网络,钛合金笼为血管内皮生长因子诱导材料的植入提供了空间.

目的 探讨KARL迭代重建算法在低剂量与常规剂量扫描条件下对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者肺气肿指数定量的影响.方法 前瞻性收集我院2018年6月—2019年3月符合肺功能诊断的伴肺部结节COPD患者30例,其中男性25例,女性5例.采用联影uCT-760128排螺旋CT对30例患者首次检查进行常规剂量(120kV,150mAs)扫描,复查患者进行低剂量(120kV,80mAs)扫描.常规剂量采用滤波反投影(filtered back projection,FBP)重建,低剂量采用FBP与KARL迭代算法重建,计算有效辐射剂量(ED),在肺动脉分叉层面计算升主动脉CT值与噪声(SD值)并计算信噪比(SNR).将3组扫描原始数据导入"数字肺"检测及分析平台,计算出肺气肿体素指数(EI)、全肺容积(LV)及全肺平均肺密度(MLD).采用配对样本t检验分析图像CT值、SD、SNR与CT定量指标差异.Bland-Altman分析计算肺气肿平均测量偏差与两种测量方法的一致性.结果常规剂量和低剂量有效辐射剂量分别为(6.91±0.53)mSv和(3.71±0.28)mSv,下降约47％(P<0.001).常规剂量FBP组与低剂量FBP组LV、MLD及主动脉CT值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),EI、SD与SNR差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),常规剂量FBP组与低剂量KARL迭代重建组各定量指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).与常规剂量FBP组相比,低剂量FBP组EI高估1.66％(P<0.05),KARL迭代重建组EI高估0.68％(P>0.05).结论 KARL迭代重建的低剂量CT可用于COPD患者定量测量,KARL迭代重建技术在降低噪声、提高SNR的同时,在一定程度上提高了CT定量测量EI的准确性.

目的 与普通X线胃肠道造影技术进行比较,对数字化成像技术在胃肠造影中的应用进行分析,为胃肠道疾病的诊断提供借鉴与指导.方法 选取使用数字化综合X线机进行胃肠道造影检查的42例患者作为研究对象,其中20例进行食道造影合并胃造影,共计40次;22例进行灌肠造影,将数字化成像与普通X线造影下的胃肠图像进行对比.结果 Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级成像质量的数据差异无显著变化(P＞0.05);1级中数字化成像技术较普通普通X线占据明显优势(P＜0.05),有统计学意义.结论 在胃肠道病变的临床诊断中,采用数字化成像技术作为检查手段,其诊断准确率以及成片质量均优于普通X线胃肠道造影.

目的:研究三参生血颗粒对60Co照射所致C57BL/6小鼠造血及免疫系统不良反应的治疗作用.方法:50只C57BL/6雄性小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、高剂量组、中剂量组及低剂量组.采用60Co照射对模型组、高剂量组、中剂量组及低剂量组小鼠进行造模,照射完成后,对各组小鼠进行给药处理,其中高剂量组、中剂量组及低剂量组小鼠分别灌胃给予6.15 g/kg、3.075 g/kg及1.5375 g/kg的三参生血颗粒,空白组及模型组则给予等量生理盐水,连续给药15 d.末次给药后24 h采血,检测其中血象指标含量[红细胞计数(RBC)、白细胞计数(WBC)、血小板计数(PL T)及血红蛋白(Hgb)],氧化应激指标含量[丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)],免疫功能指标含量[CD3+、CD4+、IgG、IgA及IgM].取血完成后,取小鼠胸腺和脾脏,计算胸腺和脾脏指数.同时取小鼠胸骨及股骨,检测骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率及有核细胞数.结果:与模型组比,高剂量组、中剂量组及低剂量组小鼠RBC、WBC、PL T及Hgb含量均显著降低(P<0.05),CD3+、CD4+、IgG、IgA及IgM含量均显著增高(P<0.05),且胸腺和脾脏指数均显著增高(P<0.05).与模型组比,高剂量组、中剂量组及低剂量组小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率均显著降低,而有核细胞数均显著增高(P<0.05).与模型组比,高剂量组、中剂量组及低剂量组小鼠MDA均显著降低,而SOD、GSH-PX及CAT均显著增高(P<0.05).结论:三参生血颗粒对60Co照射所致C57BL/6小鼠造血及免疫系统不良反应具有较好的治疗作用.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between circulating miR-29a and miR-150 and delivered dose during thoracic radiation therapy(RT)for non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:56 cases of NSCLC patients who received radiotherapy in our hospital were collected from January,2014 to December,2015.miRNA profi-ling of plasma samples obtained from 5 NSCLC patients(miRNA array group)at 0,20,40,60 Gy each during radical thoracic RT by miRNA array.Candidate miRNAs were then assessed in samples from a separate cohort of 51 NSCLC patients(validation group)at 0,20,40 Gy each during receiving radical thoracic RT by qRT-PCR.qRT-PCR were used to identify cellular source of circulating miR-29a and miR-150 within intracellularly and secreted exosomes in A549 and MRC5 cells which received radiation treatment with 2 Gy/d for successive 3 days. Results:10 miRNA (miR-29a,miR-150,miR-142,miR-342,miR-125b,miR-101,miR-425,miR-338,miR-126,miR-15b) were screened out with the increase of RT dose in NSCLC patients.The results showed that there exists significant difference of the expression of circulating miR-29a and miR-150 in the validation group under 0,20,40 Gy radia-tion,respectively(P<0.05).The circulating miR-29a and miR-150 expression of the validation group were nega-tively correlated with V5,V20,mean lung dose(MLD),mean esophagus dose,respectively.The expression of miR-29a and miR-150 were increased significantly(P<0.05)after 3 days irradiation of A549 and MRC5 cells,mean-while,decreased significantly(P<0.05)in secreted exosomes of A549 and MRC5 cells with radiation.Conclusion:Circulating miR-29a and miR-150 were correlated with NSCLC RT dose.

目的:探讨奥氮平与利培酮治疗老年痴呆精神行为症状的效果.方法:收治老年痴呆精神行为症状患者60例,分为对照组和观察组,每组各30例.对照组采用利培酮治疗,观察组采用奥氮平治疗.结果:观察组总有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05).结论:奥氮平治疗老年痴呆精神行为症状的效果更优.

Objective To investigate the effect of imatinib mesylate on radiation-induced lung injury mice and its influence on the oxidative stress and transforming growth factor-βl (TGF-β 1) expression in mice.Methods Forty-five C57BL/6 mice were divided into a treatment group,a control group and a model group.The treatment group and model group were given radiation of 18 Gy delivered in the thorax.After 4 h daily of the radiation,the treatment group received imatinib mesylate of 0.081 g/kg,while the other groups were given normal saline solution.The experiments were continued for 30 days.After the experiments,the lungs of mice were divided into 4 parts.The haematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical stain were prepared to observe the situation of pathology and TGF-β 1.The lung homogenate was prepared and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),total antioxidant capacity (T-Aoc) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were detected.Results The levels of GSH-PX,T-Aoc and SOD were (173.15±12.21) U,(119.33±11.06) U/mgprot and (1.73±0.33) nmol/mgprot in the treatment group,significantly higher than the control group,while the levels of MDA was (0.68±0.08) nmol/mgprot,significantly lower than the control group (P＜0.05).The HE and immunohistochemical stain showed that there were mild alveolar inflammatory changes in the treatment group while such changes were serious in the model group.The scores of HE and immunohistochemical were 1.26±0.12 and 0.31±0.12 in the treatment group,significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion The imatinib mesylate can effectively ameliorate the oxidative stress and inhibite TGF-β 1 expression in radiation-induced lung injury mice.

目的评价数字化子宫输卵管碘化油造影的效果。方法对1 600例不孕症患者进行子宫输卵管造影,在数字化DR胃肠机下适时储存图像且可随时回放。结果碘化油造影显影清晰,追踪回访诊治效果良好。结论数字化子宫输卵管碘化油造影是一种既安全又效果良好的造影方法,比用泛影葡胺造影效果好,值得推广应用。

目的探讨不孕症子宫输卵管造影的X线表现。方法回顾分析2006～2007不孕症患者在我院行子宫输卵管碘化油造影检查109例,总结其X线表现及其鉴别诊断。结果正常15例,畸形11例,炎症57例,结核26例。结论先天性子宫输卵管发育异常,慢性子宫输卵管炎症,子宫输卵管结核是不孕症的主要原因。