Understanding the composition–characteristics–performance relationship of the electrolyte–electric double layer–electrode–electrolyte interface (EEI) is crucial to construct stable EEIs for high‐performance aqueous Zn–MnO 2 batteries (AZMBs). However, the interaction mechanisms in AZMBs remain unclear. This work introduces sodium thioctate (ST) into ZnSO 4 electrolyte to construct a stable bilayer EEI on both Zn and MnO 2 electrodes. First, zincophilic ST regulates the solvation structure of hydrated Zn 2+ , suppressing corrosion and the hydrogen evolution reaction. Second, the specific adsorption of ST reconstructs the inner Helmholtz plane, facilitating the desolvation of hydrated Zn 2+ and homogenizing charge distribution. Finally, ST molecules undergo reversible polymerization at the interface, forming a stable bilayer EEI with a poly(zinc thioctate) outer layer and a ZnS–organic amorphous inner layer, which ensures uniform zinc‐ion flux and enhances mechanical stability. Additionally, the dynamic disulfide bonds in ST further enable self‐regulation and self‐healing of the interface, mitigating damage during cycling. As a result, the ST‐enhanced Zn symmetric battery achieves 7800 cycles at 60 mA cm −2 , while the AZMB exhibits only 0.0014% capacity decay over 10 000 cycles at 2000 mA g −1 . This bilayer EEI engineering strategy offers effective guidance for the rational design of safe and long‐life aqueous zinc‐ion batteries.

Marine derived cyclic imine toxins, portimine A and B, have attracted extensive attention owing to their intriguing chemical structure and promising anti-cancer therapeutic potential. However, access to large quantities is currently unfeasible and the molecular mechanism behind their potent activity is unknown. To address this, a scalable 15-step total synthesis of portimines is presented, which benefits from the logic used in two-phase terpenoid synthesis along with unique tactics such as exploiting ring-chain tautomerization and skeletal reorganization to minimize protecting group chemistry through “self-protection”. Critically, this total synthesis enabled a structural reassignment of portimine B and an in-depth functional evaluation of portimine A, revealing that it induces apoptosis selectively in human cancer cell lines with high potency. Finally, practical access to the portimines and analogs thereof simplified the development of photoaffinity analogs, which were used in chemical proteomic experiments to identify a primary target of portimine A as the 60S ribosomal export protein NMD3.

Ginkgo leaf-like Co9S8@Ni3S2 composite nano-leaf array (CNLA) was fabricated on the cobalt-nickel foam substrate by solvothermal method. Characterization results reveal that the obtained Co9S8@Ni3S2 belongs to the mixed phase and presents a unique ginkgo leaf-like appearance with the thickness of similar to 40 nm, forming the ordered nanoarray structure. Crystal studies and density functional theory calculations demonstrate that the abundant vacancy defects and grain boundaries exist in Co9S8@Ni3S2 CNLA, which generate numerous active sites, adjust the electron distribution, optimize the adsorption/desorption processes with electrolyte ions, and enhance the electrochemical properties. Therefore, ginkgo leaf-like Co9S8@Ni3S2 CNLA achieves a high specific capacitance of 2100 F g(-1) at 2 A g(-1), excellent rate capability of 59.5 % from 2 A g(-1) to 20 A g(-1), and 86.7 % capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles. Notably, the flexible hybrid supercapacitor based on ginkgo leaf-like Co9S8@Ni3S2 CNLA and activated carbon demonstrates an energy density of 42.3 Wh kg(-1) at a power density of 184.6 W kg(-1), and enhanced cycle stability with 89.5 % retention after 10,000 cycles. Meanwhile, the flexible hybrid device exhibits excellent low-temperature toughness and superior mechanical flexibility. These exciting findings sufficiently prove the promising potential of Co9S8@Ni3S2 CNLA for electrochemical energy storage.

Attributing to the advantages of intrinsic safety, high energy density, and good omnidirectional flexibility, fiber- shaped aqueous zinc ions batteries (FAZIBs), serving as energy supply devices, have multitude applications in flexible and wearable electronic devices. However, the detachment of active materials caused by bending stress generated during flexing process limits their practical application severely. To address the above issue, an effective integrated strategy employing microcracked activated cobalt hydroxide [A-Co(OH)2] 2 ] cathode with protective coating of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) was proposed in this work to enhance the cyclic and bending performances of FAZIBs. The microcracked A-Co(OH)2 2 cathode relieves stress concentration under bending conditions, while the PEDOT:PSS coating is responsible to maintain the structural integrity and prevents the detachment of A-Co(OH)2. 2 . The FAZIBs based on a gel electrolyte achieved a high energy density (173.5 Wh center dot kg-- 1 ) at a power density 90 W center dot kg-1- 1 and a bending durability (94.4 % capacity retention after 500 cycles) as a consequence of the synergistic effect of microcracked A-Co(OH)2 2 cathode and the PEDOT:PSS coating. This work will offer a new approach for devising high-performance FAZIBs and promote the development of highly flexible and stable fiber-shaped batteries.

The rapid advancement of wearable and smart flexible electronics has imposed stringent criteria for their power supply, demanding robust mechanical flexibility, inherent safety, elevated energy density, and environmental sustainability. Flexible aqueous gel-state zinc-ion batteries (FAGZIBs) are regarded as a viable energy supply solution for flexible devices, with significant advancements achieved in this burgeoning field. Given the growing interest in FAGZIBs within the domain of aqueous batteries, it is both imperative and timely to summarize the recent advancements in this area, thereby offering essential insights for the development of FAGZIBs. First, this review comprehensively outlines the compositions, structures, energy storage mechanisms, and flexible principles of FAGZIBs. It subsequently provides in-depth analyses of recent issues and relevant solving designs of FAGZIBs. Furthermore, this review explores the emerging developments and practical applications of FAGZIBs in wearable electronics, categorized by their diverse functions, including compressibility, stretchability, electrochromic properties, freeze resistance, self-healing capabilities, and self-charging features. In conclusion, this timely and comprehensive review highlights key applications and prospective research avenues in FAGZIBs, aiming to provide guidelines for their practical application.

Electrolyte engineering has emerged as an effective strategy for stabilizing Zn-metal anodes. However, a single solute or solvent additive is far from sufficient to meet the requirements for electrolyte cycling stability. Here, we report a new-type high-entropy electrolyte composed of equal molar amounts of Zn(OTf) 2 and LiOTf, along with equal volumes of H 2 O, triethyl phosphate, and dimethyl sulfoxide, which enhances electrolyte stability by increasing solvation entropy. Specifically, this well-designed high-entropy electrolyte reduces the content of solvated and free water molecules while forming a robust gradient solid-electrolyte interphase on the Zn anode surface, protecting the Zn anode from water-induced corrosion. Moreover, the cationic electrostatic shielding layer on the Zn anode effectively suppresses the “tip effect”, enabling the uniform deposition of Zn. The synergistic effects of this mixed electrolyte effectively leverage the properties of individual additives, significantly extending the cycle life of Zn-metal anodes. Consequently, the resulting Zn//Zn symmetric cell using this high-entropy electrolyte can operate over 8000 h at 1 mA cm −2 and 0.5 mAh cm −2 . To highlight, in a Zn//V 2 O 5 ⋅H 2 O pouch cell, it retains 83.1 % of initial capacity after 420 cycles at 1 A g −1 . Such multifunctional high-entropy electrolyte design provides a meaningful reference for stable Zn-metal anodes.

Acidic Zn–Mn batteries hold promising prospects in large-scale energy storage owing to their higher discharge voltage and capacity. However, the challenge of developing long-term acidic Zn–Mn batteries still remains due to Zn anode instability in acidic media arising from the inevitable proton corrosion and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we report self-assembled homogeneous heterobimetallic-oxide interfaces on the Zn anode surface via a multi-cation (Cu 2+ , In 3+ , and Sn 4+ ) synergistic regulation strategy to achieve >85.5% depth of discharge with over 1000 h of cycling in strongly acidic medium (pH = 0.9). The design ingeniously blends the SnCl 4 hydrolysis and In 3+ and Cu 2+ ions replacement with Zn metal to spontaneously generate heterobimetallic In–CuZn 5 and SnO 2 oxide. Heterobimetallic-oxide interfaces could synergistically inhibit proton corrosion and HER while inducing Zn-ordered plating/stripping benefiting from the excellent acid resistance of SnO 2 and the abundant nucleation sites of heterobimetallic. Crucially, the in situ hydrolysis of SnCl 4 establishes a self-regulated acidic environment without additional acidic medium. Consequently, Zn–Mn pouch battery within this acidic environment delivers a high capacity of 1.39 mAh cm −2 and retains 84.9% of initial capacity after 200 cycles at 1 mA cm −2 . This direct multi-cation synergistic modulated self-assembly interface strategy holds significant potential for expediting the advancement of high-safety, large-scale energy storage technology.

The growing demand for efficient and sustainable energy storage systems has accelerated research into aqueous magnesium-ion batteries (AMIBs). However, the development of AMIBs faces cathode-related challenges including sluggish Mg2+diffusion kinetics, limited energy density and poor cycling stability. In this study, we synthesize a novel aluminum-cobalt-nickel trimetallic oxyhydroxide (ACNOOH) cathode material designed to overcome these limitations through strategic modification of nickel oxyhydroxide (NiOOH) with aluminum and cobalt. By regulating the electronic structure of the cathode material, aluminum lowers its Fermi level, thereby increasing the discharge voltage and energy density, and cobalt element mitigates the loss of Ni3+ during the cycle, thereby enhancing the cycling performance. Compared to NiOOH, ACNOOH exhibits superior energy density, improved rate performance, and enhanced cycling stability. The energy densities of the fabricated AMIBs are 127.07 Wh kg-1 at 1 A g-1 and 74.25 Wh kg-1 at 5 A g-1 with excellent capacity retention. These results indicate that ACNOOH can significantly improve the energy density and stability of AMIBs, which is a promising cathode material,and the present work offers a feasible elemental modification strategy for next-generation energy storage systems.

Colorectal cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-related mortalities worldwide. While artemisinin (ART), a key active compound from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Artemisia annua, has been recognized for its antiproliferative activity against colon cancer cells, its underlying molecular underpinnings remain elusive. Whereas promiscuity of heme-dependent alkylating of macromolecules, mainly proteins, has been seen pivotal as a universal and primary mode of action of ART in cancer cells, accumulating evidence suggests the existence of unique targets and mechanisms of actions contingent on cell or tissue specificities. Here, we employed photoaffinity probes to identify the specific targets responsible for ART's anti-colon cancer actions. Upon validation, microsomal prostaglandins synthase-2 emerged as a specific and reversible target of ART in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells, whose inhibition resulted in reduced cellular prostaglandin E-2 biosynthesis and cell growth. Our discovery opens new opportunities for pharmacological treatment of colon cancer.

Fiber-shaped aqueous zinc-ion batteries (FAZIBs) with intrinsic safety, highcapacity, and superb omnidirectional flexibility hold promise for wearable energy-supply devices. However, the interfacial separation of fiber-shaped electrodes and electrolytes caused by Zinc (Zn) stripping process and severe Zn dendrites occurring at the folded area under bending condition seriously restricts FAZIBs' practical application. Here, an advanced confinement encapsulation strategy is originally reported to construct dual-layer gel electrolyte consisting of high-fluidity polyvinyl alcohol-Zn acetate inner layer and high-strength Zn alginate outer layer for fiber-shaped Zn anode. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of inner-outer gel electrolyte and the formation of solid electrolyte interphase on Zn anode surface by lysine additive, the resulting fiber-shaped Zn-Zn symmetric cell delivers long cycling life over 800 h at 1 mA cm-2 with dynamic bending frequency of 0.1 Hz. The finite element simulation further confirms that dual-layer gel electrolyte can effectively suppress the interfacial separation arising from the Zn stripping and bending process. More importantly, a robust twisted fiber-shaped Zn/zinc hexacyanoferrate battery based on dual-layer gel electrolyte is successfully assembled, achieving a remarkable capacity retention of 97.7% after bending 500 cycles. Therefore, such novel dual-layer gel electrolyte design paves the way for the development of long-life fiber-shaped aqueous metal batteries.

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries featuring with intrinsic safety and low cost are highly desirable for large-scale energy storage, but the unstable Zn-metal anode resulting from uncontrollable dendrite growth and grievous hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) shortens their cycle life. Herein, a feasible in situ self-reconfiguration strategy is developed to generate triple-gradient poly(diallyldimethylammonium) bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (PDDA-TFSI)-Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O-Sn (PT-ZHC-Sn) artificial layer. The resulting triple-gradient interface consists of the spherical top layer PT with cation confinement and H2O inhibition, the dense intermediate layer ZHC nanosheet with Zn2+ conduction and electron shielding, and the bottom layer Znophilic Sn metal. The well-designed triple-gradient artificial interfacial layer synergistically facilitates rapid Zn2+ diffusion to regulate uniform Zn deposition and accelerates the desolvation process while suppressing HER. Consequently, the PT-ZHC-Sn@Zn symmetric cell achieves an ultralong lifespan over 6500 h at 0.5 mA cm-2 for 0.5 mAh cm-2. Furthermore, a full battery coupling with MnO2 cathode exhibits a 17.2% increase in capacity retention compared with bare Zn anode after 1000 cycles. The in situ self-reconfiguration strategy is also applied to prepare triple-gradient PT-ZHC-In, and the assembled Zn//Cu cell operates steadily for over 8400 h while maintaining Coulombic efficiency of 99.6%. This work paves the way to designing multicomponent gradient interface for stable Zn-metal anodes.

中国空间站天和核心舱的成功发射标志着我国空间站在轨组装建设进入全面实施阶段.空间站入轨运行后,实现地面站对空间站的跟踪观测是获取科学数据的前提.本文根据空间站TLE轨道参数,基于现有的简化常规摄动(SGP4)模型,研究地面观测站地平式设备观测空间站的跟踪角度的计算算法;根据研究方法计算西安站观测空间站的跟踪角度,并与利用STK软件的计算结果进行对比,发现两者差值小于0.001°,证明了该算法的正确性;在此基础上,进一步研究TLE轨道参数的有效预报时长,为地面站观测空间站等低轨目标提供支持.

Marine derived cyclic imine toxins, portimine A and B, have attracted extensive attention owing to their intriguing chemical structure and promising anti-cancer therapeutic potential. However, access to large quantities is currently unfeasible and the molecular mechanism behind their potent activity is unknown. To address this, a scalable 15-step total synthesis of portimines is presented, which benefits from the logic used in two-phase terpenoid synthesis along with unique tactics such as exploiting ring-chain tautomerization and skeletal reorganization to minimize protecting group chemistry through “self-protection”. Critically, this total synthesis enabled a structural reassignment of portimine B and an in-depth functional evaluation of portimine A, revealing that it induces apoptosis selectively in human cancer cell lines with high potency. Finally, practical access to the portimines and analogs thereof simplified the development of photoaffinity analogs, which were used in chemical proteomic experiments to identify a primary target of portimine A as the 60S ribosomal export protein NMD3.

Aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries (ARZIBs) are ideal for massive and longstanding energy storage applications because of their excellent security and low operation cost. Nevertheless, ARZIBs are subject to the severe corrosion reaction of zinc metal anodes that is derived from the thermodynamic unsteadiness of the zinc anodes in aqueous solution, as well as zinc dendrite growth originating from uncontrolled zinc deposition. Herein, we created a separator by coating a thin piece of polypropylene (PP) with a compound consisting of zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate [Zn(OTf)2] and poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP). Consequently, the severe corrosion reaction of the zinc metal anodes and the profuse formation of zinc dendrites were effectively mitigated by the novel PP separator, which prolonged the lifetime of the zinc metal anodes. When a zinc metal plating layer was used with preferential (002) crystallographic orientation, the cyclic performance over 1100 h of the symmetrical Zn∥Zn battery based on the novel separator was steady. Additionally, the Zn∥MnO2 batteries exhibited an impressive specific capacity and competitive long durability of 75.5% over 500 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A g-1. With this work, we intend to set the standard for designing novel separators in the construction of advanced zinc anodes for high-performance ARZIBs.

This study reports an efficient method for growing high-quality boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) via chemical vapor deposition of low-melting-point precursors—magnesium diboride (MgB 2 ), magnesium nitride (Mg 3 N 2 ), and diboron trioxide (B 2 O) at a growth temperature of 1000–1300 °C. The strong oxygen-capturing ability of Mg 3 N 2 inhibits the formation of high-melting-point Mg 3 B 2 O 6 , which helps MgB 2 to maintain an efficient and stable catalytic capacity, thereby enhancing its growth efficiency and utilization of the boron source. Moreover, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites formed from these BNNTs demonstrated much greater thermal conductivities than pure PDMS. Thus, this novel strategy for preparing BNNTs is efficient, and they have great potential for application as thermal interface materials.

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries offer the advantages of greater security and lower fabrication costs over their lithium-ion counterparts. However, their further advancement and practical application are hindered by the drastic decay in their performance due to the uncontrollable dendrite growth on Zn anodes. In this study, we fabricated a versatile three-dimensional (3D) interfacial layer (3D PVDF-Zn(TFO)2 (PVDF: poly(vinylidene fluoride); TFO: trifluoromethanesulfonate), which simultaneously formed porous Zn-metal anodes (PZn) with an enhanced (002) texture, via a in situ etching scheme. The 3D PVDF-Zn(TFO)2@PZn symmetrical cells leverage the advantages of surface coating and 3D porous architectures to yield extra-long cyclic lifetimes of over 5300 h (0.1 mA cm-2). The fabricated anodes were found to be compatible with MnO2 cathodes, and the resulting full batteries delivered an outstanding capacity of 336 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 and exhibited impressive long-term reversibility with a capacity retention of 78.7% for 2000 cycles. The proposed coating strategy is viable for developing porous structures with cutting-edge designs and for textured surface engineering.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) may have applications in macroscale energy storage on account of their advantages of high-safety, cost-effectiveness, and ecofriendliness. As a promising application, flexible quasi-solid-state AZIBs (FQAZIBs) can withstand mechanical deformation, and can act as favorable power supply devices for wearable electronics. As FQAZIBs are one of the most exciting and rapidly ongoing topics among aqueous batteries, it is critical yet timely to summarize the latest development in this field, providing the much-needed guidance for the fabrication of FQAZIBs. In this review, the recent progress and rational design strategies for FQAZIBs from mechanisms, design principles, and applications are systematically presented. First, the energy storage and flexible mechanisms of FQAZIBs are illuminated in detail. Subsequently, the design philosophies of FQAZIBs are also systematically elucidated. Moreover, the latest progress and practical applications of FQAZIBs in wearable electronics are reviewed in detail according to various functions such as compressibility, stretchability, electrochromic ability, anti-freezing ability, self-healing ability, self-charging properties, photodetecting function, shape memory, biodegradability, and actuated function. Finally, some applications and promising prospects in the research area of FQAZIBs are demonstrated to supply guidelines on the exploitation of their practical applications.

Reperfusion ventricular fibrillation (VF) is a common arrhythmia after cardiac surgery. Predictors of reperfusion VF and its relationships with the adverse prognosis are still unclear. This study aimed to identify a risk score model to predict reperfusion VF and its effect on in-hospital outcomes. The authors enrolled 1,024 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery, and a total of 823 patients were included in the study. A novel risk score model was developed following logistic regression analysis of the predictors of reperfusion VF. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to validate this model, and the effect of VF on prognosis was later identified in multivariate or Kaplan-Meier analyses. Risk factors for reperfusion VF occurrence included weight >55 kg, preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction <50%, prior stroke, hypertension, aortic valve replacement, HTK solution, and the use of ≥3 grafts in coronary artery bypass grafting. A novel risk score model was developed using the abovementioned variables, and points were assigned to each risk factor according to its odds ratio. A high score (>6) predicted greater than 65% of patients with VF occurrence. Reperfusion VF increased the risk of in-hospital cardiovascular death (p = 0.03) and renal replacement therapy postoperatively (p = 0.022). More attention should be given to reperfusion VF due to an adverse postoperative prognosis, and the developed risk score model may predict this risk.

The triangular closure (TC) method of two-way satellite time and frequency transfer (TWSTFT) can be utilized to conveniently and quickly evaluate the time transfer performance between ground stations without additional equipment. To expand the application of the TC method and make it applicable to inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) satellites, we analyze the influence of various residual effects of TWSTFT on the TC difference (TCD). Relying on the two-way comparison network of the National Time Service Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, TC experiments were carried out using a geostationary orbit (GEO) satellite (CHINASAT-12) and an IGSO satellite (BDS I1-S). The results show that the Sagnac effect and ionospheric delay can be ignored without affecting the TCD, whereas the equipment delay and geometric path asymmetry effect cannot be ignored. Specifically, as a systematic error, the equipment delay has a great impact on the TCD and must be corrected. In contrast, the geometric path asymmetry effect caused by the relative motion of satellites and ground stations is small in magnitude for GEO satellites and can be ignored. However, for IGSO satellites, the geometric path asymmetry effect can reach the nanosecond level; thus, it also has a great impact on the TCD and cannot be ignored. Using the correction method proposed in this article, subnanosecond time synchronization exactness can be achieved in TC experiments based on both types of satellites. Therefore, we have successfully expanded the application of the TC method to IGSO satellites. Theoretically, the TC method can also be applied to medium Earth orbit and other satellites.