Background Acetabular fractures with quadrilateral plate (QLP) displacement are challenging to treat. Traditional reduction plates (RP) require contouring, which prolongs surgery time, increases blood loss, and compromises stability. The supra-pectineal high posterior column plate (SHPCP, Dabo Medical) is an anatomically contoured plate suitable for displaced QLP fractures, enabling single-approach fixation of the anterior column, posterior column, and QLP. This study compared the SHPCP with the traditional RP in patients with this type of fracture, evaluating their performance in terms of perioperative outcomes, reduction quality, hip function, and complications to assess the SHPCP’s additional clinical value. Methods This retrospective study included 40 patients with displaced QLP fractures (22 treated with SHPCP via a single anterior approach, 18 with RP). Perioperative parameters, reduction quality (Matta criteria), 12‑month hip function (modified Merle d’Aubigné‑Postel score), and complications were recorded and compared after multivariate adjustment. Results The SHPCP group had significantly less intraoperative blood loss (302.27 ± 151.56 vs. 505.56 ± 214.81 mL, P = 0.001) and shorter operative time (153.82 ± 48.93 vs. 247.39 ± 70.37 min, P < 0.001). No significant differences were found in hospital stay, reduction quality, or overall complications (P > 0.05). SHPCP allowed earlier partial and full weight‑bearing (P = 0.007 and P = 0.032) and yielded higher functional scores at 12 months (15.59 ± 1.10 vs. 14.44 ± 1.79, P = 0.049), with an excellent/good rate of 86.4% versus 61.1% in controls. Conclusion Compared with RP, SHPCP enables treatment through a single anterior approach with less surgical trauma, greater efficiency, earlier weight‑bearing, and better short‑term hip function, without compromising reduction quality or increasing complications. It represents a promising alternative for acetabular QLP fractures.

The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the efficacy and functional outcomes of utilizing a flexible separate vertical suture fixation technique in osteoporotic patients presenting with comminuted fractures of the inferior patellar pole. A flexible separate vertical suture fixation by braided polyester was applied. Between January 2021 and December 2022, 19 patients diagnosed as comminuted inferior patella fracture with osteoporosis were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The mean operative time was 34.2 ± 3.2 minutes, bone union achieved in all cases at an average of 3.1 ± 0.5 months after surgery. At the last follow up, the mean ROM was 132.1 ± 2.9°, and the mean Bostman score was 29.1 ± 0.9. During follow up, no instances of wire cutting or internal fixation failure occurred among the patients, no instances of postoperative anterior knee pain or refracture of the inferior patellar pole were observed and no surgical removal of implants was performed for any of the patients. The flexible separate vertical suture fixation by thread is an effective fixation method for comminuted inferior patella fracture, especially for those elderly patients with osteoporosis.

. The purpose of this study was to compare the reduction effect and clinical outcomes of anterior subcutaneous internal fixation (INFIX) and steel plate-screw internal fixation in the treatment of anterior ring injury in Tile C pelvic fractures. . In this retrospective study, the clinical outcomes of 46 patients treated using INFIX and 44 patients treated with steel plate-screw internal fixation were analyzed and compared. All patients underwent anterior and posterior fixation. The Matta imaging scoring system was used to evaluate the postoperative reduction accuracy; the Majeed scoring system was applied to obtain functional outcomes in clinical follow-up. All potential complications were identified and evaluated accordingly. Both groups of patients were followed up for a period of 13–36 months, with an average of 27 months. The procedure time and blood loss in the INFIX group were significantly lower than those in the plate group(t = − 2.327, P = 0.023;t = − 4.053, P = 0.000; there was no statistically significant difference in the Majeed score and Matta score between the two groups after surgery (P > 0.05). . INFIX treatment for anterior ring injury in Tile C pelvic fractures can achieve good therapeutic effects. Compared to internal fixation with plates and screws, it has advantages such as shorter surgical time and less blood loss. INFIX may be more suitable for obese patients, young women of childbearing age, or patients with urinary system injuries.

Background Bilateral acetabular fracture is a very rare presentation among the trauma patients, as the pattern and the degree of the forces required to fracture both acetabula is very unique. The primary purpose of this study is to report a series of adult patients presenting with post-traumatic bilateral acetabular fracture without any history of pathological or metabolic bone disease. Patients and methods In this retrospective study, 18 cases of traumatic bilateral acetabular fracture were included. There was predominance of both column (four patients on left and six on right) followed by anterior column (two patients left and four on right) and posterior wall (three patients left and right). They were treated surgically through open reduction and internal fixation. All cases were followed up for at least 13 months. Matta’s criteria were used for radiological evaluation on plain radiographs. Functional outcome was evaluated using the Merle d’Aubigne and postel score at final follow-up. Results No patients were lost during the follow-up period; there was one case of surgical site infection. There were three cases of postoperative osteoarthritis, one case of heterotrophic ossification, one case of persistent sciatic nerve palsy and one case of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve palsy. The radiological evaluation according to Matta’s criteria revealed anatomic reduction in 12 patients, imperfect reduction in three patients while other three patients had poor reduction. According to modified Merle d’Aubigne and Postel score, 10 cases were rated as excellent, five cases as good and three cases presented fair (one case) to poor (two cases) results. Conclusion We report an unusual case series of bilateral acetabular fracture successfully managed surgically with good clinical outcome. With the increasing incidence of route traffic accidents, such cases would probably be recurrent in the upcoming years.

Background This study investigated the biomechanical properties of a new plate used for the treatment of posterolateral tibial plateau fractures using finite element analysis. Methods The study groups were as follows: group PM, model of the new plate with posteromedial tibial plateau fracture; group PL, model of the new plate with posterolateral tibial plateau fracture; and group PC, model of the new plate with posterior tibial plateau fracture. We used two loading modes: uniform loading on the entire plateau, and loading on the posterior plateau. Data such as the displacement of the fracture and distribution of stress on the new plate and screws were recorded and analyzed. Results When the whole plateau was loaded, the displacement of fractures in groups PM, PL, and PC were 0.273, 0.114, and 0.265 mm, respectively. The maximum stresses on the plates in groups PM, PL, and PC were 118.131 MPa, 44.191 MPa, and 115.433 MPa. The maximum stresses on the screws in Groups PM, PL, and PC were 166.731, 80.330, and 164.439 MPa, respectively. When the posterior tibial plateau was loaded, the displacement of the fractures in groups PM, PL, and PC was 0.410, 0.213, and 0.390 mm, respectively. The maximum stresses on the plates in groups PM, PL, and PC were 194.012 MPa, 72.806 MPa, and 185.535 MPa. The maximum stresses on the screws in Groups PM, PL, and PC were 278.265, 114.839, and 266.396 MPa, respectively. Conclusion The results of this study revealed that titanium plates have good fixation effects in all groups; therefore, the use of the new plate for posterolateral tibial plateau fractures appears to be safe and valid.

BACKGROUND:Tranexamic acid (TXA) is commonly used to reduce perioperative bleeding in various surgeries, including acetabular and pelvic fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). However, research on TXA's effectiveness and safety in this context is conflicting. To address this, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on TXA's efficacy and safety in patients with acetabular and pelvic fractures undergoing ORIF. METHODS:We systematically searched Cochrane, PubMed, and EMBASE databases until August 30, 2023. Our evaluation of TXA focused on 6 domains: estimated blood loss (EBL), blood transfusion units, transfusion rates, thromboembolic events, other complications, and surgery duration. Data from these studies were analyzed using RevMan Manager 5.4. RESULTS:This study included 4 randomized controlled trials with 179 patients with acetabular and pelvic fractures treated with TXA. The analysis showed that TXA did not significantly reduce EBL, packed red blood cell transfusion units, blood transfusion rates, or surgery duration. There was no significant difference in thromboembolic events or other postoperative complications, like surgical wound issues, pneumonia, heterotopic ossification, and sciatic nerve injuries, between the TXA and control groups. CONCLUSION:TXA did not demonstrate a significant benefit in reducing perioperative bleeding or complications in patients treated with ORIF for acetabular and pelvic fractures. The utilization of TXA in such clinical scenarios remains a topic necessitating further rigorous investigation to delineate its role in this clinical setting.

The Internal Fixator (INFIX) is a popular method, known for its minimal invasiveness and short operation time, for treating anterior pelvic ring fractures. Studies have shown that postoperative complications may occur, including anterolateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury, the femoral nerve paralysis, and delayed fracture healing. These complications are believed to be related to surgical stimulation, an excessively long lateral end of the connecting rod, a small distance between the screw and bone surface, insufficient pre-bending of the connecting rod, and difficulties in fracture reduction. We report two unique cases of lower abdominal pseudocyst complicated with suspected infection after INFIX treatment of pelvic fractures at our trauma center. Following surgical removal of the internal fixation, resolution of the cysts was observed in both patients, and subsequent postoperative follow-up revealed the absence of any residual sequelae. These cases have not been reported in previous literature reviews. The lower abdominal cysts, potentially arising from the dead space created during intraoperative placement of the INFIX rod, may increase infection risk. The etiology remains uncertain, despite the presence of abnormal inflammation markers in both cases, and staphylococcus aureus found in one. These cysts were confined to the lower abdomen, not involving the internal fixation, and hence, only the INFIX was removed. Postoperative oral cefazolin treatment was successful, with resolved pseudocysts and no subsequent discomfort. We report two unprecedented cases of post-INFIX abdominal cysts, with a suspected link to intraoperative dead space. Despite uncertain etiology, successful management involved INFIX removal and oral cefixime therapy. These findings necessitate further exploration into the causes and management of such complications.

Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of our strategy for managing floating hip injuries. Methods From January 2014 and December 2019, all patients with a floating hip underwent surgical treatment in our hospital were included in the retrospective study, with a minimum follow-up of 1 year. All patients were managed according to a standardised strategy. Data on epidemiology, radiography, clinical outcomes and complications were collected and analysed. Results Twenty-eight patients were enrolled, with an average age of 45 years. The mean follow-up was 36.9 months. According to the Liebergall classification, Type A floating hip injuries predominated (n = 15, 53.6%). Head and chest injuries were the most common associated injuries. When multiple operative settings were required, we prioritized the fixation of the femur fracture at the first operation. The mean time from injury to definitive femoral surgery was 6.1 days, with most (75%) femoral fractures treated with intramedullary fixation. More than half (54%) of acetabular fractures were treated with a single surgical approach. Pelvic ring fixation included isolated anterior fixation, isolated posterior fixation, combined anterior and posterior fixation, of which isolated anterior fixation was the most common. Postoperative radiographs suggested that the anatomic reduction rates of acetabulum and pelvic ring fractures were 54% and 70%, respectively. According to grading system of Merle d’Aubigne and Postel, 62% of patients achieved satisfactory hip function. Complications included delayed incision healing (7.1%), deep vein thrombosis (10.7%), heterotopic ossification (10.7%), femoral head avascular necrosis (7.1%), post-traumatic osteoarthritis (14.3%), fracture malunion (n = 2, 7.1%) and nonunion (n = 2, 7.1%). In the patients with complications described above, only two patients underwent resurgery. Conclusions Although there is no difference in clinical outcomes and complications among different types of floating hip injuries, special attention should be paid to anatomical reduction of the acetabular surface and restoration of the pelvic ring. In addition, the severity of such compound injuries often exceeds that of an isolated injury and often requires specialised multidisciplinary management. Because of no standard guidelines for treatment of such injuries, our experience in the management of such a complex case is to fully assess the complexity of the injury and formulate an appropriate surgical plan based on the principles of damage control orthopaedics.

Purpose Fractures of the femoral neck account for less than 1% of pediatric and adolescent fractures. Due to the high incidence of complications, and the age of the patients, the choice of fixation approach remains controversial among orthopedic surgeons. This study aimed to evaluate the postoperative outcomes and complications of femoral neck fracture in adolescents with open physis, following transphyseal fixation using a combined cannulated cancellous screw and Kirschner wire fixation. Methods Data of 19 patients aged between 12 and 19 years from January 2010 to January 2021 were retrospectively studied. The follow-up period was 1–11 years (5.83 ± 3.76 years). The variables of interest including demographic and clinical variables [age, BMI, gender, side of injury, fracture classification, operation time, time to surgery, and length of hospital stay (LOS)], postoperative outcomes, and complications (fracture healing time, nonunion, coxa vara, osteoarthritis, avascular necrosis, screw loosening, and femoral shortening) were analyzed. The assessment of the hip function was done on the final follow-up using the Ratliff scoring system. Results There was a male predominance of 76%; the mean age was 16.14 ± 1.57 years and the most frequent mechanism of injury was fall from a height. Delbet type II and III were the most encountered. The mean intraoperative time was 54.71 ± 7.85 min, the LOS was 8.34 ± 1.81days, and the time to surgery was 2.60 ± 1.16 days; the fracture healing time was 3.31 ± 1.04 months. The postoperative complications encountered were coxa vara osteoarthritis, spontaneous dislocation, and neck shortening. Clinical assessment revealed good results in 89% of patients and fair results in 11% of patients. Conclusion Transphyseal fixation using cannulated cancellous screw combined with Kirschner wire in our patients provided acceptable results. Thus, this approach can be a viable alternative in the management of adolescent femoral neck fracture with open physis.

OBJECTIVES:Surgical management of comminuted patella fractures remains a major challenge for the surgeon. We developed a suture reduction (SR) technique to better preserve the comminuted patella. The study aimed to compare the suture reduction technique with conventional reduction (CR) technique in the management of comminuted patellar fractures using the modified Kirschner-wire (K-wire) tension band. METHODS:From May 2016 to September 2020, a total of 75 patients with comminuted patellar fracture were reviewed retrospectively. Among these cases, 35 patients were in the suture reduction group with a mean age of 52 years, while 40 patients were in the conventional reduction group with a mean age of 53 years. All cases were closed fractures. Comminuted patellar fractures were classified as type 34-C3 according to the AO/OTA classification. Radiographs of the knee were obtained at routine follow-up to evaluate the reduction quality and fracture union. Clinical outcomes including range of motion (ROM), visual analog scale (VAS), Lysholm, and Böstman grading scales were measured at the last follow-up. Postoperative complications were also recorded. RESULTS:The average time from injury to surgery was 5.4 days in suture reduction group and 3.7 days in conventional reduction group (p < 0.05). The surgical time of suture reduction group was less than that of conventional reduction group, but there was no significant difference (p = 0.110) regarding surgical time between the two groups. The average blood loss in suture reduction group was 42.9 ml, while the average blood loss in conventional reduction group was 69.3 ml (p < 0.001). There was no difference regarding fracture union, ROM and knee function score (Lysholm score and Böstman scale) between the two groups. The complication rates were 17.1% in suture reduction group and 12.5% in conventional reduction group respectively (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:In the treatment of comminuted patellar fractures with modified K-wire tension band, the use of suture reduction technique can shorten the surgical time, reduce the surgical trauma, and obtain satisfactory results. This new surgical technique may be particularly effective in management of comminuted patellar fractures when patellectomy would otherwise be considered.

目的 比较双反牵引辅助复位内固定与切开复位内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2016年1月至2021年12月四川大学华西医院收治的胫骨平台骨折患者资料,根据治疗方法分为双反牵引辅助复位内固定组(简称牵引组)和切开复位内固定组(简称切开组).牵引组21例,男15例、女6例,年龄(56.14±9.24)岁(范围45～72岁);骨折Schatzker分型:Ⅰ型1例、Ⅱ型2例、Ⅲ型2例、Ⅳ型5例、Ⅴ型6例、Ⅵ型5例.切开组29例,男20例、女9例,年龄(58.97±4.84)岁(范围47～70岁);骨折Schatzker分型:Ⅰ型2例、Ⅱ型4例、Ⅲ型8例、Ⅳ型4例、Ⅴ型5例、Ⅵ型6例.比较两组患者的手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、住院时间、骨折愈合时间、术后完全负重时间、Rasmussen评分、纽约特种外科医院(Hospital for Special Surgery,HSS)膝关节评分及并发症等.结果 两组患者均获得随访,随访时间24～36个月,平均30 个月.牵引组与切开组的手术时间[(92.61±6.22)min 和(47.92±9.53)min]、切 口长度[(4.54±0.56)cm 和(6.26±0.51)cm]及术中出血量[(47.05±9.72)ml和(156.82±4.62)ml]比较差异均有统计学意义(t=18.83、10.78、53.24,P＜0.001).牵引组与切开组的住院时间[(5.35±0.41)d和(5.84±0.78)d]、骨折愈合时间[(3.72±0.74)个月和(4.22±0.42)个月]及术后完全负重时间[(11.29±1.10)周和(15.07±1.96)周]的差异均有统计学意义(t=2.30,P=0.026;t=3.38,P＜0.001;t=7.96,P＜0.001).牵引组术后6个月HSS评分为(81.61±2.32)分,大于切开组的(77.66±4.01)分,差异有统计学意义(t=4.07,P＜0.001);术后12个月,牵引组Rasmussen评分为(16.71±1.00)分,大于切开组的(13.79±1.42)分,差异有统计学意义(t=8.05,P＜0.001).两组均未发生骨折畸形愈合及骨筋膜室综合征.牵引组并发症发生率为5％(1/21),切开组并发症发生率为10％(3/29),两组并发症发生率的差异无统计学意义(x2=0.52,P=0.473).结论 双反牵引辅助复位内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折具有创伤小、出血少、可早期活动、骨折愈合时间短的优势,是一种安全可靠的治疗方法.

Abstract Background The fractures of femoral neck account for 50% among hip fractures with around 3%-10% occurring in younger population of below 65 years. The newly introduced FNS as management approach appears to be a potential alternative to the traditional CCS. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy and outcome of the femoral neck system (FNS) and the cannulated cancellous screw (CCS) in the treatment of femoral neck fractures in adult below 65 years of age. Methods Data of 114 patients between 18–65 years, admitted in our department for femoral neck fracture from January 2019 to March 2021 were retrospectively studied and ranged into two groups based on the surgical methods: FNS group (56 patients) and CCS group (58 patients). The variables of interest including demographic and clinical variables (age, gender, fracture mechanism, injury side and classification), perioperative parameters(operation time, intraoperative bleeding, incision length and hospitalization time), postoperative outcomes and complications (fracture healing time, nonunion rate, femoral neck avascular necrosis, aseptic screw loosening and the Harris Hip Score), were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results All 114 patients presented satisfactory reduction and were followed-up for a period of 12 to 36 months (mean 27 ± 2.07 months); there were no significant differences between both groups in terms of age, gender, fracture classification, side of injury, mechanism of injury, the operative time, intraoperative blood loss and the hospital length of stay. However, the fracture healing time between FNS group and CCS group was statistically significant (p < 0.05), respectively 2.86 ± 0.77 and 5.10 ± 0.81 months. The significant differences were also found in terms of numbers of fluoroscopies 8.34 ± 1.38 Vs 17.72 ± 2.19, the HHS 87.80 ± 1.92 Vs 84.28 ± 2.24, postoperative complications 8 (14.28%) Vs 26 (44.82) respectively in FNS and CCS group. Conclusion FNS presented satisfactory outcomes had significantly lower complications rate, therefore, can be one of the alternatives for internal implantation devices in treatment of femoral neck fracture in non-geriatric population.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative intravenous TXA in reducing blood loss in pelvic and acetabular fracture patients managed surgically. The study included 306 consecutive patients, divided as: group I, 157 patients who did not receive perioperative infusion of TXA and group II, 149 patients who received perioperative TXA. The perioperative blood test results and complication rates were compared between the two groups. The average perioperative hematocrit was higher during the preoperative period than during the first, second and third postoperative day in both groups. In the estimated blood loss between the two groups, there was a significant difference of 1391 (± 167.49) ml in group I and 725 (± 403.31) ml in group II respectively (p = 0.02). No significant difference was seen in the total of intraoperative transfusion units as well as in the total units of blood transfused. There was a reduced level of postoperative hemoglobin (9.28 ± 17.88 g/dl in group I and 10.06 ± 27.57 g/dl in group II compared to the values obtained in preoperative investigations (10.4 ± 2.37 g/dl in group I and 11.4 ± 2.08 g/dl in group II); with a significant difference in postoperative transfusion rates (p = 0.03). Therefore, the use of TXA effectively reduces the risk of intraoperative bleeding during open management of pelvic and acetabular fractures.

PurposeThe management of floating knee injuries is still controversial and challenging for trauma specialists. This study aims to evaluate the incidence of the floating knee in lower limb trauma, analyzing the challenges in its management, and factors affecting clinical outcomes.MethodsIn this mono-center retrospective study, 36 consecutive patients were included. All individuals were diagnosed with an ipsilateral fracture of the femur and tibia, managed surgically according to their fracture pattern (Fraser classification), and the severity of the injury. The timing for each operation was determined based on the general condition of the patient and the local physiological condition of soft tissues. The patients’ clinical outcomes were finally evaluated based on their Karlstrom and Olerud scores and were categorized as excellent, good, acceptable, fair, or poor.ResultsIn this study, the mean follow-up period was 51.39 ± 16.02 months (11–130 months). Incidence of the floating knee was 2.32% in all lower limb traumas. From this number, 16 patients suffered from floating knee injury in the left lower extremity, and 18 in the right lower limb, while in 2 patients the condition was bilateral. The most common injury mechanism was road traffic accidents, accounting for 28 (77.78%) cases. The outcome was as follows; Excellent to good results in 22 (61.11%) cases, acceptable results in 2 (5.56%) cases, and fair to poor results in 12 (33.33%) cases according to the Karlström–Olerud scoring system. The most frequent early complications were wound infection and deep venous thrombosis in 5 (13.88%) of the cases. The most common late complication was common peroneal nerve palsy recorded in 2 (5.56%) cases.ConclusionThe presence of important concomitant injuries to the floating knee together with poor soft tissue conditions constituted important factors influencing possible management options and may have led to poorer clinical outcomes.

目的:从内植物技术角度剖析髋臼骨折后方接骨板内固定手术的失败原因及解决方法.方法:回顾性分析2011年1月至2021年12月,从国内10家医院收集的行全髋关节置换术(THA)治疗的髋臼骨折后方接骨板内固定术后创伤性关节炎患者的临床资料.男24例,女3例;年龄37～62岁,平均(49.5±1.2)岁.内固定手术至THA的时间为8～42个月,中位数18.0(16.9,18.3)个月.调阅患者的住院病历、THA手术前后的X线和CT检查资料,从内植物并发症、髋关节骨结构损伤两个层面进行分析.结果:左侧固定77.8%(21例),右侧固定22.2%(6例).1块重建接骨板固定40.7%(11例)、2块重建接骨板固定55.6%(15例)、4块重建接骨板固定3.7%(1例);螺钉固定数量每例4～15枚.内植物并发症:内植物侵蚀股骨头33.3%(9例)＞螺钉滑脱11.1%(3例)＞螺钉断裂3.7%(1例).骨结构损伤:股骨头骨缺损96.3%(26例)＞负重区关节面塌陷+后壁骨吸收/坏死77.8%(21例)＞股骨头脱位70.4%(19例)＞负重区关节面塌陷63.0%(17例)＞后壁外缘骨块吸收/坏死55.6%(15例)＞关节内骨赘增生11.1%(3例)＞髋臼硬化7.4%(2例)、囊性变7.4%(2例).未有效固定部位:负重区+后壁70.4%(19例)＞负重区63.0%(17例)＞后壁55.6%(15例)＞后柱7.4%(2例).结论:负重区+后壁关节面骨块未有效固定是导致后方内植物失败的关键因素,内植物失败并发症和骨结构损伤与接骨板螺钉分布直接相关.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of intravenous infusion of tranexamic acid(TXA)on perioperative blood loss in geriatric patients with hip fracture.Methods:In this retrospective study, 54 out of 95 patients with hip fracture aged from 65 years to 100 years, treated at the Department of Trauma and Osteology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University from June 2020 to June 2021 were finally enrolled.Their clinical data were collected.All patients underwent closed reduction PFNA surgery.They were divided into three groups: (1)Control group(n=18): intravenous infusion of normal saline at 30 min before surgery; (2)Single dose group(n=18): TXA(25 mg/kg)was intravenously injected at 30min before surgery; (3)multiple dose group(n=18): 25 mg/kg of TXA was intravenously injected at 30 min before surgery and 15 mg/kg injected again at 3 h and 6 h after surgery.Total blood loss and the incidence of postoperative deep venous thrombosis among 3 group patients were compared.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, preoperative platelets, preoperative activated partial thrombin time and preoperative prothrombin time among control group, single dose group and multiple dose group(all P>0.05). Perioperative blood loss was estimated to be 620(330, 1080)ml, 380(270, 490)ml and 520(190, 750)ml in the control group, single dose group and multiple dose group, respectively, with statistical significance( H=8.666, P<0.05). Total blood loss in single dose group was less than in both control( P<0.05, with statistical significance)and in multiple groups( P>0.05, without statistical significance), and total blood loss in multiple dose group was lower than in control( P>0.05, without statistical significance), and higher than in single dose group( P>0.05, without statistical significance). Color ultrasonography was performed on the 1 st and 7 th day after surgery in 3 groups, and no deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism was found in all groups. Conclusions:Intravenous infusion of TXA at half an hour before surgery can effectively reduce the total peri-operative blood loss without increasing the risk of thrombosis.A multiple preoperative intravenous drip of TXA should be cautious as compared with a single preoperative intravenous drip of TXA.

ObjectiveThe modified Stoppa combined with iliac fossa approach has gained increasing popularity. Although early clinical outcomes have been satisfactory, extensive long‐term clinical outcomes are relatively scarce. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the medium‐ and long‐term outcomes of this approach for complex acetabular fractures.MethodsThis was a retrospective study involving 57 patients with complex acetabular fractures from January 2009 to January 2016. All fractures were treated with the modified Stoppa combined with iliac fossa approach. Follow‐up was at least 5 years. Primary outcome measures, including quality of reduction and clinical outcomes, were recorded by an independent observer. Secondary outcome measures included time to surgery, surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, and perioperative complications.ResultsFifty‐seven patients (range, 18–80 years) included 46 males and 11 females. There were 32 cases on the left side and 25 cases on the right side. The most common associated injury was pulmonary contusion. According to the Judet–Letournel classification, there were 27 both‐column fractures, 16 anterior column with posterior hemitransverse fractures and 14 T‐type fractures. The average time from injury to surgery was 7.3 days. The average intraoperative blood loss and transfusion were 750.9 ml and 564.3 ml, respectively. All fractures healed within 6 months after surgery. The average follow‐up time was 7.7 years, and there was no loss of follow‐up. The quality of reduction was graded as anatomical in 23 cases (40.4%), imperfect in 22 cases (38.6%), and poor in 12 cases (21.0%). According to grading system of Merle d’ Aubigne and Postel, clinical outcomes at 1 year follow‐up were excellent in 17 cases (29.8%), good in 25 cases (43.9%), fair in four cases (7.0%), and poor in 11 cases (19.3%). The excellent and good rate was 73.7% and the difference was not statistically significant compared with the clinical outcomes at the last follow‐up. Intraoperative complications included four cases of obturator nerve injury and two cases of vascular injury. Postoperative complications included one case of wound delayed healing, two cases of deep vein thrombosis, two cases of avascular necrosis of femoral head, three cases of heterotopic ossification and five cases of post‐traumatic arthritis. Only one of these patients underwent reoperation for femoral head necrosis.ConclusionsThe modified Stoppa combined with iliac fossa approach can achieve satisfactory reduction quality and hip function. It might be a valuable alternative to the ilioinguinal approach for the surgical management of acetabular fractures.

Objective:To explore the application value and effectiveness of pelvic unlocking closed reduction device for the treatment of unstable pelvic posterior ring disruption.Methods:A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 243 cases of unstable pelvic posterior ring disruption treated with pelvic unlocking closed reduction device in 13 orthopaedic trauma centers across the country between December 2018 and June 2020 was performed. There were 139 males and 104 females; the age ranged from 18 to 92 years, with an average age of 48.5 years. The cause of injury included 132 cases of traffic accident injuries, 102 cases of falling from height, and 9 cases of crushing injuries. According to AO/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) classification, there were 5 cases of type 61-B1, 13 cases of type 61-B2, 32 cases of type 61-C1.1, 47 cases of type 61-C1.2, 89 cases of type 61-C1.3, 35 cases of type 61-C2, and 22 cases of type 61-C3. The time from injury to operation was 2-121 days, with a median of 10 days. Preoperative preparation time, installation time of unlocking closed reduction device, fracture reduction time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, intraoperative blood loss, and surgical complications were recorded, and Matta scoring standard was used to evaluate the quality of fracture reduction. According to Matta evaluation results, the patients were divided into two subgroups: excellent-good group and fair-poor group. The differences in gender, age, time from injury to operation, AO/OTA classification, and perioperative clinical indicators were compared between the two groups, and the effects of baseline data and perioperative indicators on the quality of fracture reduction were studied.Results:Pelvic unlocking closed reduction device did not interfere with the display of the pelvic structure and fracture displacement direction during the intraoperative fluoroscopy, effectively correcting the displacement of the pelvic ring. The preoperative preparation time was 17-60 minutes, with an average of 30 minutes; installation time of unlocking closed reduction device was 10-32 minutes, with an average of 21 minutes; intraoperative fracture reduction time was 15-205 minutes, with an average of 49.2 minutes; intraoperative fluoroscopy times were 41-420 times, with an average of 132 times; intraoperative blood loss was 40-1 500 mL, with an average of 71.5 mL. The reduction quality of pelvic fracture was evaluated according to Matta score immediately after operation. The results were excellent in 153 cases, good in 61 cases, fair in 24 cases, and poor in 5 cases. The excellent and good rate was 88.1%. Further subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference in other indexes ( P>0.05) between the excellent-good group and the fair-poor group except for the time from injury to operation and AO/OTA classification ( P<0.05). Among them, the excellent-good reduction rate was 92.2% (119/129) in patients with injury-to-operation time less than 10 days, and the fair-poor reduction rate was 25.7% (9/35) and 40.9% (9/22) in patients with AO/OTA 61-C2 and 61-C3 types, respectively. There was no surgery-related complication due to the application of the pelvic unlocked reduction device, no secondary iliac fractures, vascular, or nerve injuries, and postoperative CT showed that all channel screws were located in the osseous channel.Conclusion:The pelvic unlocking reduction device can effectively help to reduce the unstable pelvic posterior ring and maintain reduction, meet the needs of different projection angles of pelvic fracture with intraoperative C-arm fluoroscopy. The system facilitate the operation of pelvic reduction and precise fixation.

Abstract Background Our aim was to evaluate the effect of setting up a full-time infection control nursing service on reducing the prevalence of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) in the orthopedic ward. Methods From January 2015 to March 2019, routine prevention and control measures were taken for patients infected/colonized with MDRO in this ward, which was set as the pre-intervention period. The intervention period was from April 2019 to June 2021. The study was designed to evaluate whether the establishment of a full-time infection control nursing service could reduce the positive density of MDRO in the hospital by using an interrupted time-series model of a quasi experimental study. Results There were 11,759 patients during pre-intervention period and 8142 patients during intervention period. The total number of MDRO isolated before intervention was 177, of which 145 were obtained in hospital and 32 were brought in from outside hospital. The total number of MDRO isolated after intervention was 47, of which 29 were obtained in hospital and 18 were brought in from outside hospital. Before intervention, the positive density of MDRO in the orthopedic ward showed an increasing trend (β1 = 0.02, P = 0.003). After intervention, the positive density of MDRO showed a downward trend (β3 = − 0.05, P = 0.018). Conclusions The establishment of the full-time infection control nursing service in the orthopedic ward can effectively reduce the nosocomial prevalence of MDRO.

Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of surgical treatment for T-shaped associated with posterior wall acetabular fractures using combined surgical approaches and its influencing factors. Methods Between January 2009 and June 2018, a total of 21 patients with T-shaped acetabular fractures involving posterior wall were treated with combined approaches. The combined approaches were a combination of the Kocher-Langenbeck (KL) approach and the anterior approach (Stoppa or Ilioinguinal). The acetabular fractures in this study were divided into two groups respectively according to surgical approach and surgical timing: KL + Ilioinguinal (IL) approaches and KL + Stoppa approaches, early surgery and late surgery. Results 13 cases were treated within 14 days of injury. 15 cases were treated using the KL + Stoppa approaches and remaining 6 cases were treated using the KL + IL approaches. Anatomical and imperfect reduction were achieved in 12 cases (57.1%) with excellent to good clinical outcome in 42.9% of cases. Early surgery had a statistically significant improvement over late surgery in terms of quality of reduction and clinical outcomes. In the early surgery, the incidence of preoperative chest and abdomen injuries and postoperative deep vein thrombosis was significantly lower than that of the late surgery. There was no statistical difference between the KL + IL approaches and KL + Stoppa approaches in the demographics, preoperative associated injuries, quality of reduction, clinical outcomes and postoperative complications. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that T-shaped associated with posterior wall acetabular fractures are difficult to treat surgically. Early surgery can improve the quality of fracture reduction, promote the recovery of hip function, and decrease the incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis. The main factor that affects surgical timing is the presence of preoperative chest and abdominal injuries. Compared with the KL + IL approaches, the KL combined with Stoppa approach can not significantly improve the clinical outcomes of such acetabular fractures.