This study proposes a comprehensive framework for evaluating New Quality Productive Forces (NQPF) in forestry, with a focus on human capital, technological innovation, and ecological efficiency as key drivers of sustainable development. Despite moderate growth in NQPF development in China from 2013 to 2022, significant regional disparities persist, with eastern regions outperforming the western regions in terms of forestry productivity and technological adoption. To assess NQPF development, we employ the improved variable-weight matter-element extension model (IVWME), combined with spatial correlation analysis, Gini coefficient measurement, and obstacle degree analysis. The results indicate that, while NQPF development remains stable, eastern regions benefit from superior access to technology and human capital, while western regions face challenges such as slower technological progress and limited labor force development. This study highlights the need for targeted policy interventions that focus on enhancing human capital, promoting technological innovation, and improving regional coordination. The framework provides valuable insights for policymakers in China and other countries facing similar challenges in sustainable forestry development, offering a practical approach to advancing forestry modernization through NQPF.

This paper extends the analytical framework for measuring total factor productivity (TFP) in grain production by incorporating the environmental constraints related to pollution emissions. Employing a growth accounting approach, we decompose environmentally adjusted grain output growth into the contributions of labor, productive capital, and natural resource capital. This comprehensive indicator system provides a more nuanced understanding of the drivers of grain output growth while evaluating its long-term sustainability. Using panel data from 31 Chinese provinces from 2000 to 2021, the analysis integrates pollution emissions associated with grain production. The findings reveal a gradual decline in the dependence on agricultural chemicals, indicating a structural shift from traditional factor inputs toward green total factor productivity (GTFP) as the main engine of growth. Industry structural, human capital, and income level are shown to influence to the GTFP growth, suggesting that social and institutional factors play a key role in shaping GTFP trajectories. Significant regional heterogeneity is observed in both the contributions of production factors and their decomposition characteristics. In eastern regions such as Beijing, Tianjin, and Shanghai, the annual average growth in grain output is primarily driven by GTFP improvements. Labor input contributes significantly to more developed regions including Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, and Chongqing. Conversely, productive capital input plays a greater role in the central, western, and northeastern regions, with natural resource capital makes relatively higher contributions in the northeastern provinces.

Collective operating construction land marketization (COCLM) is a major institutional innovation in China’s land reform process. However, the impact of this reform on farmers’ livelihood resilience (FLR) remains underexplored. This study uses data from the 2020–2022 China Land Economic Survey (CLES) conducted in Jiangsu Province to construct an FLR index from three dimensions—buffer capacity, self-organization capacity, and learning capacity. It also incorporates the actual status of COCLM at the village level to examine the impact of COCLM on FLR and its underlying mechanisms. The results show the following: (1) COCLM significantly improves FLR, and this conclusion remains consistent after a series of robustness checks. (2) In terms of FLR dimensions, COCLM has significant positive effects on all three dimensions, but its effects on buffer capacity and learning capacity are more pronounced than those on self-organization capacity. (3) Mechanism analysis reveals that COCLM improves FLR mainly by increasing farmers’ property income and promoting household non-agricultural employment. (4) Heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive effect of COCLM is more pronounced in southern and central Jiangsu, among high-income households, and in villages with higher governance levels. This study suggests that COCLM reform should be further deepened to steadily promote the sustained improvement of FLR, enable land value-added returns and non-agricultural employment opportunities to reach farmers more effectively, and pay greater attention to regional differences, income-group disparities, and differences in grassroots governance capacity, while promoting inclusive growth through COCLM. The above conclusions have some reference value for regions similar to Jiangsu, while their applicability in other regions with substantially different development conditions still requires further examination.

Climate-induced floods increasingly disrupt agricultural production systems, posing escalating threats to food security and economic stability in climate-exposed and trade-integrated regions. This study examines the relationship between flood shocks and agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) change across China and ten ASEAN economies and investigates whether public service capacity and structural conditions attenuate this negative association. A country–year panel dataset covering 1993–2024 is constructed by aggregating event-level flood records from EM-DAT and matching them with World Bank indicators of agricultural production, population, public services, and industrial structure. Agricultural TFP change is measured using the DEA-Malmquist index, with arable land, agricultural land, agricultural employment, fertilizer use, agricultural freshwater use, and rural electricity access as inputs and crop production and agricultural value added as outputs. A two-way fixed-effects model is then applied to examine the conditional association between flood mortality severity and agricultural TFP change. The empirical results show that greater flood mortality severity is significantly associated with lower agricultural TFP change. This negative contemporaneous association remains evident across the reported alternative specifications and sensitivity analyses. Current health expenditure per capita, energy use per capita, access to basic drinking-water services, and medium- and high-tech manufacturing value added are positively associated with an attenuation of the negative association between flood mortality severity and agricultural TFP change. These findings suggest that agricultural productivity performance under climate-related disturbances is shaped not only by exposure to flood shocks but also by policy-relevant capacities embedded in public service provision and structural conditions. A notable finding is that the marginal association becomes positive and statistically significant at high observed levels of health expenditure per capita and energy use per capita, whereas the corresponding estimates for drinking-water services and medium- and high-technology manufacturing remain statistically indistinguishable from zero.

Contrary to conventional expectations, the impact of economic development on food green efficiency exhibits pronounced regional heterogeneity. This study utilizes total factor productivity (TFP) as a key metric, establishing a model for carbon emissions from grain production and developing a framework for measuring grain low-carbon TFP growth. Employing the undesirable super-slacks-based measure (SBM) and the MalmquistLuenberger (ML) index, we assess the low-carbon TFP growth across 31 Chinese provinces from 2000 to 2021. The Dagum-Gini coefficient and variance decomposition are applied to analyze disparities from both regional and structural perspectives. An econometric model further validates the influence of economic development on low-carbon TFP growth. Our findings reveal that China's technical efficiency (TE) and low carbon TE initially show a declining trend, with the gap between them narrowing over time. The eastern region consistently demonstrates high low-carbon TE, while the northeastern region lags. All regions exhibit positive low-carbon TFP growth, with efficiency change (EC) significantly contributing to this growth. Although economic development generally fosters low-carbon TFP growth, marked regional heterogeneity persists. Interestingly, certain traditionally economically developed regions, such as the eastern region, exert a significantly negative impact on low- carbon TFP growth. Balancing economic development with low-carbon TFP growth remains an ongoing challenge that necessitates effective management strategies.

把握家庭消费间接碳排放的空间聚类及结构特征对于中国在新发展格局下实现“双碳”目标具有重要意义。在测算出中国家庭消费间接碳排放量的基础上，运用社会网络分析法探究2013—2022年中国家庭消费间接碳排放空间关联网络结构特征。结果表明：（1）家庭消费间接碳排放量整体呈上升趋势，10 a间增长了1.2倍；其中“食品”“居住”“交通通信”和“教育文化娱乐”为主构成部分，占总量的75%。（2）整体网络特征：以江苏、北京、浙江、上海等省市为中心，呈“核心-边缘”分布趋势。其中，网络密度和关联数有所下降，等级梯度和关联密度有所上升。（3）块模型特征：按照节点溢出和接收效应划分为四大板块，即“净溢出”“净受益”“经纪人”和“双向溢出”，各板 块在空间关联领域中扮演不同角色。（4）个体网络特征：上海、江苏、浙江等省市中心度最高位于关联网络的核心区域，空间关联性影响显著，具有向外辐射的特点，而青海、黑龙江等省份处于关联网络边缘区域，关联效应较弱。

Rural industrial integration serves as an effective strategy to promote farmers' wealth, income, and overall rural revitalization. Drawing on the theories of national accounting and transaction costs, this study formulates a mechanism for how rural industrial integration increases farmers' income. It achieves this by increasing the value added of products, increasing short-term agricultural output, and reducing transaction costs. The research focuses on agricultural counties and districts in Liaoning and Shanxi provinces, and constructs a rural industrial integration index using the Herfindahl coefficient. The empirical analysis uses the PVAR model to test the relationship between the development of rural industrial integration and farmers' income. The results show that: the integration of primary and tertiary industries has a positive effect on the growth of farmers' income, while the integration of secondary and tertiary industries has only promoted the growth of farmers' income in Liaoning Province. Different integration models have different effects on the growth of farmers' income. Farmers' income significantly influences the development of rural industrial integration, but its effects vary across regions. Based on these findings, policy recommendations include tailoring strategies based on local resources and asset conditions, promoting vertical and horizontal integration of industrial chains, strengthening financial support, and encouraging the participation of new enterprises. The ultimate goal is to achieve comprehensive development of rural industries and increase farmers' incomes.

基于"两山"理论,以云南省丽江市华坪县花椒产业为例,围绕促进农民增收问题,对华坪县花椒产业发展现状、存在问题以及对农民收入的影响进行分析.结果表明:经营规模与市场因素对农户增收作用极显著;劳动力数量与质量、科学技术、知识溢出、合作经济组织对花椒产业增收呈正向影响;组织化程度低、流通体系不完善等因素制约华坪县花椒产业发展.据此提出建立防灾减灾综合管理机制、提升产业组织化程度和效率等建议,以期实现华坪县花椒产业高质量绿色发展.

Purpose The aim of this article is to research on forestry green total factor productivity and explore the impact of financial support on forestry green total factor productivity. Design/methodology/approach The methods used in this study are super efficiency SBM model of undesired output and empirical model. SBM model is a kind of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The SBM model with non-expected outputs (slacks-based measure) can be used to deal with the problem of efficiency measurement with multiple input and output variables and can be used to analyze the efficiency of green development of forestry economy. Findings First, the overall green total factor productivity of the authors’ country's forestry has shown a trend of first decline and then an increase from 2008 to 2018, and there are significant spatiotemporal differences; second, financial support has a significant positive impact on forestry green total factor productivity; third, environmental regulation has a significant threshold effect in the process of financial support on forestry green total factor productivity, and the role of financial support shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Originality/value Secondly, taking the data of 30 provinces and cities in the authors’ country from 2008 to 2018 as the research object, using the super-efficiency SBM-Malmquist index to measure the country's forestry green total factor productivity and analyze its temporal and spatial changes; finally, a dynamic panel model was established to explore the impact of financial support on forestry green total factors quantitative impact on productivity, and adding environmental regulation as a threshold variable to establish a dynamic threshold regression, and found that financial support has a nonlinear impact on forestry green total factor productivity.

The urbanization in Beijing intensified the fragmentation of ecosystems, especially for the forests and wetlands. Wetlands provide multiple ecological services (e.g., a food source, climate regulation). Thus, wetland protection is part of the foundation for sustainable economic and social development for Beijing. This study summarizes the experience of well-developed cities in wetland protection and sustainable development and subsequently analyzes the current issues of Beijing’s wetlands. The results showed that a limited resource space, high human stress, and lack of scientifically based polices are the main obstacles. Therefore, we recommend the following: (1) support the utilization of rainwater and reclaimed water and optimize the coordinated utilization of water resources, (2) strengthen the ecological protection and restoration efforts to realize the ecological protection system of water–city integration, (3) build a forest water complex ecosystem in metropolises to create a livable environment with forest and water, and (4) conduct scientific and technological research on the optimal total amount of wetlands and develop wetland technologies.

Based on the concept of green development, with Yunnan Province as the research object and forest ecological carrying rate as the target layer, two sub-systems of forest ecological carrying capacity and environmental pollution pressure were constructed. The TOPSIS method was used to calculate the forest ecological carrying capacity and environmental pollution pressure index of Yunnan Province from 2011 to 2020, so as to obtain the forest ecological carrying rate. The results showed that: (1) the forest ecological carrying capacity index in Yunnan Province increased first, then decreased and then increased in the past 10 years. (2) The environmental pollution pressure index of Yunnan Province showed an overall rising trend in the past 10 years. (3) The forest ecological carrying rate in Yunnan Province is still in overload state. Therefore, to improve the level of forest ecological carrying capacity in Yunnan Province, it is necessary to formulate relevant policies from two aspects: forest ecological carrying capacity and environmental pollution.

Judging the carbon emissions of various agricultural inputs in crop planting and clarifying the decoupling level between grain production and carbon emissions from crop planting can provide data support and policy references for agricultural carbon emission reduction. Considering six carbon emission sources (plowing, irrigation, fertilizer, pesticide, agricultural film (agrifilm), and diesel fuel (diefuel)). This research accounted the carbon emissions from crop planting in 31 provinces in China from 2000 to 2021. Using the Tapio model to explore the relationship between grain production and carbon emissions from different types of agricultural inputs. The regulating effects of planting scale, technological progress, and their covariates on carbon emission reduction were explored using two-way fixed-effect regression. The results showed that the growth rate of carbon emissions from crop planting in China had a fluctuating declining trend from 2000 to 2021, and it was weakly decoupled from grain production in most years, and that an overall strong decoupling was achieved in 2021. A 1% increase in planting scale leads to 1.0%, 0.68%, and 0.31% increases in carbon emissions from plowing, irrigation, and diefuel, respectively. The synergistic effect of the planting scale and technological progress can significantly reduce the carbon emissions of crop planting, and thus promote the decoupling of grain production and carbon emissions of crop planting. This study provides valuable references for policy formulation in economies to promote synergy between grain production and carbon reduction targets to a greater extent.

Based on the network attention data of China’s agricultural listed companies from 2012 to 2020, this paper uses the IV model to measure and investigate the impact of network attention on the carbon dioxide emission performance of China’s agricultural listed companies and its mechanism. The findings are as follows: 1) The carbon dioxide emission intensity of listed agricultural companies in China is generally decreasing year by year and the carbon dioxide emission performance is improving; 2) The increasing network attention has significantly reduced the carbon dioxide emission intensity of agricultural listed companies and brought about better carbon dioxide emission performance; 3) The relationship between network attention and carbon dioxide emission performance of agricultural listed companies has network, regional and property heterogeneity; 4) The investment in environmental protection has strengthened the inhibition effect of network attention on the unit carbon dioxide emissions of agricultural listed companies. The research conclusion enriches the literature on “network concern - environmental governance”, and also provides ideas for developing countries to exert the environmental governance effect of network concern in the process of carbon neutrality.

Low-carbon lifestyle has emerged as one of the most significant ways for reducing carbon emissions. Indirect carbon emissions from household consumption (ICEHC) have emerged as a new area of concern in carbon emissions reduction. To gain a deeper understanding of the regional differences and dynamic evolution in ICEHC in Yunnan Province, we measure the ICEHC and ICEHC intensity of cities in Yunnan Province from 2012 to 2021 based on input-output analysis and consumer lifestyle approach. The Dagum Gini coefficient, the kernel density estimator, and the coefficient of variation method are applied to quantitatively analyze the regional disparities, dynamic evolution patterns, and convergence of ICEHC intensity in Yunnan Province. The results show that Yunnan Province's ICEHC are rising annually, but the intensity of those emissions is decreasing, with an average annual decline rate of 4.19%. Northwest Yunnan has the lowest carbon emission intensity, west Yunnan has the highest, and the central Yunnan region is closest to the overall average value of Yunnan Province. Regarding the regional differences of the ICEHC intensity in Yunnan Province, it presents a spatial distribution pattern of “high in the south and west, and low in the north and east”. The overall Gini coefficient of ICEHC intensity gradually declines, with intra-regional differences in ICEHC intensity primarily coming from central and northwest Yunnan. In terms of dynamic evolution, the dispersion degree of ICEHC intensity is declining in Yunnan Province as a whole and in each region, and there is no obvious multipolar differentiation, but the ICEHC intensity in central Yunnan is significantly higher than that in other regions. Finally, in terms of convergence characteristics, the ICEHC intensity in each region of Yunnan Province is consistent with σ-convergence characteristics, and the mean value of the overall coefficient of variation is 0.35 and shows a trend of gradually decreasing variation.

Based on the systematic analysis of the development trend of the digital economy and regional structure, we focused on the heterogeneous influence mechanism of digital economy development on regional green innovation quality.The research finds that, on the whole, the development of the digital economy has a significant promoting effect on the improvement of regional green innovation quality.Interestingly, with the improvement of the development level of the digital economy, there are differences in its driving mechanisms for the quality of regional green innovation.A lesser level of digital economy development is not conducive to improving the quality of regional green innovation.But when digital economy development rises, it can positively drive the quality of regional green innovation.Once the level of digital economy development breaks through the critical scale.In other words, the higher the level of inter-regional digital economy development, the more beneficial it is to promote the quality of green innovation.

Agricultural green transformation is crucial for addressing environmental issues like pollution and soil degradation. However, limited attention has been given to its determinants in the existing literature. This study extends the "Porter hypothesis" in agricultural economics and discusses the institutional factors influencing green transformation in Chinese agricultural enterprises from the perspective of environmental regulations. Using data from 2007 to 2020, we examine the impact of the green agriculture demonstration zone (GADZ) policy on green innovation in Chinese A-share listed agribusinesses. The results show that the policy significantly improves green innovation, leading to a 9.9% increase in patent applications. We also find that the GADZ promotes green innovation in agricultural businesses through two economic mechanisms, reducing financial risks and enhancing media attention. In addition, the policy's effect is influenced by property rights, information disclosure quality, and financial resources. Our findings offer valuable insights for promoting green innovation and high-quality agricultural development in emerging economies.

An important breakthrough in the coordinated development of China’s low-carbon goals and food security strategies is agricultural development oriented toward quality, safety, green, and low carbon. This study integrated command-control and market-incentive environmental regulation (ER), agricultural eco-efficiency (ACEE), and food quality and safety (FQS) into a unified theoretical framework. The unexpected output-oriented Super-SBM model was used to calculate the ACEE of China’s provinces and cities from 2011 to 2020 and test the bidirectional causality between ACEE and FQS through the system generalized moment estimation model. A dynamic panel smooth transition (PSTR) model was used to explore the nonlinear impact mechanisms of different types of ERs on ACEE and FQS. The results showed that there was a long-term, two-way causal relationship between ACEE and FQS. The impact of environmental regulations on ACEE and FQS has a nonlinear relationship. Among them, the role of market-incentivized ER is more significant. Therefore, building an interregional coordinated development mechanism, improving the utilization rate of agricultural resources such as fertilizers and pesticides, and coordinating the positive effects of different types of ERs are the keys to improving the ACEE and ensuring the coordinated development of FQS.

With China entering the stage of high-quality development,the issue of carbon emission has become a hot research topic.This paper analyzes the different temporal and spatial effects of per capita income on household indirect carbon emissions in western China.Based on the data of Chinese Family Panel Studies(CFPS)in 2016 and 2018 in the western China,this paper uses Regression analysis and Bayesian correlation analysis to study the relationship between per capita income and household indirect carbon emissions.The results showed that the indirect carbon emissions generated by the expenditure on food,housing and household equipment in the household consumption structure in the western China were relatively high.In 2016-2018,the per capita income and per capita household consumption indirect carbon emissions in the western China showed an increasing trend.There was a positive correlation between per capita income and indirect carbon emissions of per capita household consumption,and its correlation was gradually enhanced in time dimension.In the spatial dimension,the household indirect carbon emissions in Yunnan,Qinghai,Guangxi Zhuang and Ningxia in the western China were greatly affected by per capita income,while the household indirect carbon emissions in Guizhou was least affected by per capita income.Finally,the paper puts forward some problems that we should consider in the process of facing the per capita income growth and climate change:the collection of carbon tax,the optimization of household consumption structure,the research and development of low-carbon products,and the differentiated carbon reduction.

以云南省滇中城市群为研究对象,通过构建新型城镇化与绿色低碳指标评价体系,借助熵值法与耦合协调度模型,探究2012-2021年滇中城市群新型城镇化与绿色低碳耦合协调的时空演变特征,并在此基础上,构建随机效应面板Tobit模型,进一步分析滇中城市群各州市新型城镇化与绿色低碳耦合协调发展的影响因素.结果表明:新型城镇化与绿色低碳综合发展水平的空间格局分别表现为:"中心高四周低""西高东低";区域的耦合协调度较高,且呈"一极多核"的分布特征.在影响因素上,城镇化水平、经济发展、科技教育与绿色生态对耦合协调度具有强正相关性,产业发展、城乡差距、碳排放对耦合协调度具有强负相关性.

森林碳汇空间相关性与溢出效应对林业产业的区域统筹发展具有重要作用，科学核算各地区的森林碳汇量并分析其空间关联特征是制定差异化碳汇发展政策的重要基础。以森林蓄积量扩展法核算我国31个省（市、自治区）1993—2018年6次森林资源清查期间的森林碳汇量，探究省域间森林碳汇量的相关性特征，并利用空间计量模型分析森林碳汇的外溢效应和影响因素。结果表明：（1）我国整体森林碳汇量不断增加，不同地区的森林碳汇量差别较大。西南省份和东北林区森林碳汇量处于第一梯队，上海和北京碳汇增速较快。（2）研究期间内的Moran′s I指数先呈现倒“V”形的变化特征，之后又以较为稳定的趋势上升，我国各地区的森林碳汇分布存在显著的空间关联性。（3）森林碳汇的空间外溢效应显著，根据空间杜宾模型将外溢效应分解为直接效应、间接效应和总效应。林业管理水平和森林蓄积水平对本地和相邻地区森林碳汇量有正向影响，林业产业发展水平对本地区的森林碳汇量有负向影响。综上，我国各地方政府对差异化林业碳汇政策的制定和执行应兼顾区域因素，以我国林业政策的总体空间规划来综合统筹各区域森林政策，在“山水林田湖草沙”的命运共同体理念引领下，实现林业的绿色高质量发展。