At present,the surrounding rock of the deep mine roadway is prone to post-peak stress under the action of high stress,and secondary rock burst disaster is prone to occur under complex stress disturbance.According to incomplete statistics,as of 2023,80%of coal mine rock bursts accidents in China occur in mining roadway.In view of this phenomenon,the cyclic impact test of post-peak sandstone is designed,focusing on the post-peak stress state of sandstone,and exploring the post-peak dynamic response of sandstone.The post-peak sandstone specimens were prepared by a uniaxial compressor,and then cyclic impact tests were carried out on the post-peak sandstone under different coaxial pressure conditions by an improved separated Hopkinson equipment.The results show that:1)The number of impact times required for sandstone failure after peak decreased with the increase of axial pressure,indicating that the impact tendency of sandstone after peak decreased under lower axial pressure.On the contrary,the post-peak sandstone had strong impact tendency under higher axial pressure;2)The higher the axial pressure,the lower the dynamic strength of the post-peak sandstone,indicating that the axial pressure promoted the failure process of the post-peak sandstone;3)It was a nonlinear evolution of a quadratic polynomial function between the dissipation-energy release rate and axial pressure;4)Shear failure occurred mainly in post-peak impact sandstone with the increased axial pressure,and the composite failure of intergranular failure and transgranular failure changed to single intergranular failure at the microscopic level.The research shows that when the roadway surrounding rock was in the post-peak stress state,reducing the static stress was the key to prevent the secondary ground pressure disaster.The research results provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of roadway rock burst disaster under high ground stress environment,and promote the research and exploration of post-peak mechanical properties of coal and rock.

Stratified sandstone is frequently subjected to coupled tensile stress from dynamic and static loads in underground engineering construction. Additionally, as underground engineering projects are constructed, the dynamic load, pretensile stress, and bedding force direction will change. To investigate this phenomenon, dynamic-static tensile tests were conducted on stratified sandstone using an improved split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). The dynamic tensile strength, dynamic impact factor (DIF), anisotropy coefficient, and energy distribution characteristics of sandstone are among the key parameters that were investigated. Additionally, the fracture surfaces of the sandstone samples were scanned via a 3D scanner, enabling the analysis of surface roughness, fractal dimension, roughness height, and slope evolution patterns. The loading conditions and bedding angle significantly affect the strength of sandstone. Sandstone samples with a higher bedding angle have lower strength while increasing impact pressure increases the strength. Moreover, the strength of sandstone is weakened by pretensile stress. The DIF and anisotropy coefficient are strongly affected by the impact pressure and pretensile stress. The speed at which cracks spread in sandstone increases with impact pressure, but cracks do not spread along weaker bedding planes. Significant internal damage and numerous microcracks develop at high pretensile stresses, which further decreases the anisotropy of stratified sandstone. The DIF of sandstone is directly proportional to the impact pressure, while it is inversely correlated with the pretensile stress. Little incident energy is transferred or absorbed; instead, most energy dissipates as reflected energy. As the impact pressure increases, more incident energy is used to fracture the rock. According to the 3D scan of the fractured sandstone surfaces, high-impact pressure causes the fracture surfaces to become steeper and rougher, and exhibit more indentations. These characteristics suggest more complex internal crack propagation paths. The presence of pretensile stress further increases the roughness of the fracture surfaces.

The recycling bio-waste shells problem has grown more and more serious in recent years and many efforts have been made to solve this problem. One possible solution is to put these bio-shells into concrete and recycle them as building materials using the aggregate matrix concrete approach. To verify the engineering feasibility, the mechanical properties of bio-shells aggregated concrete were invested via gradient substitution rates at 10%, 30%, and 50% with a total of 78 groups of specimens in this paper. Our results show that the mechanical properties of the concrete were enhanced in maximum flexural strength and maximum compressive. Economic performance was also analyzed and found that the costs of frame-shear structure, frame structure, and tube-in-tube structure were reduced by 10.2%, 10%, and 10.3%. The carbon environmental assessment also shows superiority in the carbon reduction of a single specimen with various rates of the shell. In summary, compared with ordinary concrete materials, it is very possible to use waste bio-shells as a substitute for aggregates to develop the sustainable recycling development of concrete materials.

通过分析作者主持的一系列围绕以定海桥为代表的"上海B面城市现象"的教学实践,文章探讨了如何在建筑教育中培养学生以复杂性视角理解上海,主要叙述了教育如何介入社会现实,如何针对性开展国际合作教学,学术研究如何与教学互动等议题.最终目标,是塑造一种带有"具体地域性"的建筑教育,做出基于中国现实的学术贡献.

A one-dimensional (1-D) SHPB was used to conduct dynamic tests on deep-bedded sandstone. The fractal dimension, energy evolution, and distribution curve of deep-bedded sandstone with diverse angles and impact pressures were obtained. In addition, the damage factors were defined and the damage evolution mechanism of deep-bedded sandstone was analyzed. The results show that (1) under low-impact pressure (0.05 MPa), the peak point elastic energy of deep-bedded sandstone occupies the main part of the total energy, while under high-impact pressure (0.4 MPa), the peak point dissipation energy occupies the main part of the total energy. (2) With increasing impact pressure, the energy accumulation rate of deep-bedded sandstone initially increases and subsequently becomes stable. The bedding effect is substantial under low pressure and disappears gradually under high pressure. (3) Under low-impact pressure (0.05 MPa), the damage factor evolution law of 0°, 30°, and 90° deep-bedded sandstone is stable at first and then increases rapidly. Under high-impact pressure (0.4 MPa), the damage factor of deep-bedded sandstone shows an apparent S-shaped curve.

文章以Wutopia Lab主持建筑师俞挺的"一米藏"项目为主要研究对象,结合其他相关设计案例,以英国学者布莱恩提出的设计问题模型作为基础理论工具,分析当下中国建筑实践中建筑师角色与设计方法的演变,探讨回应网络时代新的设计问题模型.

互联网时代,建筑师工作内容及角色发生变化,需从被动的技术绘图者转向主动的协调者,要具备产品研发与新技术转化能力,成为多样化的特长建筑师.建筑的旧式功能与空间进行了重构,体现分类强化、功能、局部放大、反向颠覆等特征.同时,建筑的新武功能与空间建构起暂时性、共享性、图像性的体验与消费新特点.以网红建筑作为个案进行分析,揭示场景意向直观明确、视觉风格鲜明、内涵直白、适合自拍、部落式传播等互联网时代建筑学特点.希望仍有相当比例停留在工业时代的建筑设计,能够将互联网时代的全方位挑战视为机遇,如上世纪初现代主义前辈那样,直面时代召唤,突破传统视野,对建筑设计进行符合新时代要求的全方位突破.

1 全球住房问题、政策措施和设计趋势当前,全球不论处于何种发展阶段的国家,其大、中型城市均普遍面临住房短缺问题.社会住宅——无论它在世界各地以何种方式命名1)——是各国解决该问题普遍采用的政策手段.我们在知网2)上以“居住、居住建筑、住宅(房)、社会住宅(房)、公共住宅(房)、公屋、可负担住宅(房)、可支付住宅(房)、保障性住宅(房)、保障房”等关键词,附加世界233个国家与地区的名称进行检索,共收集到26个国家和地区的相关文献,总结出其中20个国家有关社会住宅的发展情况和政策条文——其中发达国家16个3),发展中国家3个,欠发达国家1个.综合来看,发达国家在解决住房问题上的政策措施较为完善,设计上较为关注以人为本的理念,详见表1.

文章以重新挖掘建筑学的通识教育特性以及设计教育内涵的拓展为视角,探讨了存量时代的中国建筑教育,如何从单一的职业化教育,向多元化人才培养方向发展.

文章通过分析八分园及相关设计案例,解析了面对当代中国复杂的建设现实,如何从满足功能走向问题解决与内容挖掘,借助基于问题解决的空间内容策划、基于时间演变的形式追随利益、网络传播赋值等策略,实现直面现实的建筑设计转型,并在每个策略论述中始终提醒建筑师应保持警惕,以防失去公共立场,完全屈服于市场、大众或权力逻辑.在转型中保持抵抗,才能创作出多方共赢的社会空间产品.

2013年"美丽乡村"政策的提出,使得我国的"乡建热"逐渐升温.在建筑师们的乡村建设实践中,"批判性地域主义"的设计思想广为采用,而"在地"一词更是经常包含了传统建筑学语境之外的含义.文章希望通过对几位代表性建筑师的乡建实践进行对比,从切入视角、本体层面、扩展层面等角度来辨析"在地"在不同语境下的内涵,从而对在地的乡村建设提出建议,以及对建筑学在当代语境下的边界拓展、建筑师自我定位的转变等问题进行反思.

1普通中的不普通刘宇扬建筑事务所（ALYA）设计的北京西店记忆文创小镇启动区项目（以下简称西店项目）,面临如下设计条件:1)摸着石头过河的商业开发——一个受到现行农村集体土地建设用地政策限制下的商业项目,从整体到微观,功能定位一直游移,但又需要快速设计、快速建造、快速开业;2)存量时代的改造设计——对一组村建旧厂房进行改造,不是出于历史保护原因,而是由于现行法规要求新建筑必须在"已有旧建筑外轮廓内"操作不得越界;3)无特点、有缺陷的基

位于上海市徐汇区淮海西路上的一小片民房(图1)紧邻华山路以前的法租界,离城市副中心徐家汇不远,处于所谓的“上只角”.这处民房应该是解放前的私人产权房,在1949年后上海侧重西南部建设、20世纪90年代“一年一个样、三年大变样”的城市建设中,由于地处淮海西路、新建小区和一家三等甲级医院之间的三角地带,在各类红线划定的拆迁夹缝中,侥幸存活下来.它南边的小区单价直奔8万,东侧的医院数年间几乎全部翻新,建起两幢超高层,淮海西路也在一次次改造中越来越有(想象中的)法式风情.而这片民房,至少在笔者搬来附近的十余年间,一直维持着棚户房模样,当然,来自房主和租户的各种非正规改建(Informal Renovation),也始终没有停止过.

早教中心位于上海市中心的合宝路40号,连地下室三层共400余m2.早教中心是只产生于升学竞争激烈的东亚大都市中的特别的教育产品,是东京到台北到香港到上海和北京流行的辅助教育形式,它所形成的教学系统是很难在其他文化圈里找到的,于是这个特别的类型引起我们的设计兴趣.

在经历了近二十年以新建为主的大规模、大尺度城乡开发之后,中国社会正逐步进入“新常态”阶段.前期建设中被忽视的一批老旧居住社区里,由于多种原因,出现了很多非正规改建行为,其模式受到政治、经济、居民等多方面因素影响,呈现出中国当代城市的一些独有特点.本文以上海市杨浦区定海路449弄产业工人社区为例,以城市社会学、人文地理学、城市规划学、建筑学相结合的视角,分析这些非正规改建行为的发展过程、影响因素、空间类型、建构特征,试图为今天的城市规划政策、城市设计与建筑设计,提供在地的、当下的启发.

建筑学在当今高校科研体制中,专业发展与专业教育都面临很大困境.针对这一现状,以建筑教育与设计实践、学科研究三者互动的视角,从发挥建筑教育的学术生产力出发,结合国内外建筑教育发展趋势及自身教学实验,提出了建立研究型设计工作室教育模式、将实践建筑师引入设计教学、建筑教育介入建筑与城市变革等方法,试图在困境中寻找机遇,探索专业新方向.

简述上海交通大学建筑教育的发展历史,反思当代建筑教育与建筑实践,结合学校的体制现实,探索具有上海交通大学特色的研究型建筑教育模式.

Based on the analyses of the present situation of the international architectural domain,Wangshu's works are discussed around some important issues related to the other and main stream in order to explore the difficult position and opportunity of Chinese architectural design.

With a view of the impact of professional architectural education on architects in generational shift,this paper investigates architectural education in China since 1977,especially the relationship between the academic schooling and professional practice of the architects born in the late 1960s and mid-1970s. The paper also offers an analysis of the course of development of contemporary Chinese architectural education and its problems and solutions,with references to a few keywords.