In this paper, polyvinyl alcohol-borax hydrogel was used as the base material. The incorporation of tannic acid-modified cellulose nanocrystals (TA@CNC) combined with a freeze-thaw process endowed the hydrogel with self-adhesive properties and improved mechanical performance. Meanwhile, the addition of MXene and Al³⁺, coupled with a shortened freeze-thaw duration, further enhanced the hydrogel’s stretchability and strain-sensing capabilities. The prepared hydrogel can macroscopically repair generated damages due to the cleavage and formation of borate ester bonds. When the content of TA@CNC increased from 0wt

BackgroundIt is thought that inflammation significantly contributes to the development of bipolar disorder (BD), and recent findings indicate a connection between cystatin C and immune-related inflammation. In this study, we investigated serum cystatin C levels in patients with BD and explored the relationship between cystatin C and inflammatory markers.MethodsThe study involved 3,647 individuals diagnosed with BD, comprising 2,431 with BD-manic (BD-M) and 1,216 with BD-depression (BD-D), alongside 3,500 healthy controls. The analysis covered cystatin C levels and inflammatory biomarkers obtained from complete blood counts across the various groups. The Spearman correlation test was used to examine the relationship between cystatin C and inflammatory markers. Logistic regression and ROC curve analyses assessed the predictive value of these markers for disease occurrence.ResultsSerum cystatin C levels were significantly elevated in BD patients, particularly those in manic episodes, compared to the healthy control group, with distinct correlation patterns with inflammatory biomarkers observed among the groups. Serum Cystatin C levels independently and positively indicated disease occurrence, showing improved diagnostic effectiveness when combined with inflammatory ratios.ConclusionOur research indicates that cystatin C could be involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms of BD by affecting pro-inflammatory processes. Additionally, it should be emphasized that cystatin C showed considerable predictive capacity in diagnosing BD, especially when used alongside various inflammatory markers.LimitationsThe cross-sectional study is limited to demonstrating associations rather than establishing causality. A thorough examination of sociodemographic factors and the severity of the disease could not be conducted.

This study employs polyvinyl alcohol borax hydrogels as a substrate. By incorporating tannic acid-modified cellulose nanocrystals (TA@CNC) and applying freeze-thaw cycles, the hydrogels acquire self-adhesive properties and enhanced mechanical performance. Concurrently, the addition of MXene and Al³⁺, coupled with reduced freeze-thaw duration, significantly improves the hydrogels' extensibility and strain-sensing capabilities. The prepared hydrogel exhibits macroscopically reparable damage through the cleavage and reformation of borate bonds. Increasing the TA@CNC content from 0 wt% to 0.4 wt% resulted in tensile strength increasing from 13.5 kPa to 33.3 kPa, elongation at break rising from 1350% to over 2000%, maximum adhesion to aluminium reaching 16.2 kPa, and a 60-second self-healing efficiency of 99.4%. MXene primarily imparts excellent electrical conductivity to the hydrogel due to its unique functional groups exhibiting good dispersion in water. With the incorporation of Al³⁺, the self-healing efficiency of the hydrogel after 24 hours increased from 73.9% to 87.3%. The recovery rate of the cyclic tensile curve under 200% strain reached 91.1%, demonstrating excellent resilience and fatigue resistance. This enables the conductive hydrogel not only to convert large strains into regular electrical signal curves but also to detect minute strains.

OBJECTIVE:Numerous studies have demonstrated that High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles. Uric acid to HDL ratio (UHR), non-HDL cholesterol to HDL ratio (NHHR), monocyte to HDL ratio (MHR), neutrophil to HDL ratio (NHR), total cholesterol to HDL ratio (TCHR), triglyceride to HDL ratio (TGHR) can serve as inflammation and oxidative stress markers in multiple diseases. However, few studies have estimated the associations of these indicators with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) in different genders. METHODS:Based on 14,266 patients with MDD or BD and 8308 healthy subjects from China, we analyzed the associations between these indicators and diseases as well as gender. RESULTS:8201 MDD patients, 4069 patients with BD manic episodes (BDM) and 1996 patients with BD depressive episodes (BDD) were included. The HDL-related indicators displayed unique variation patterns across different disease groups and genders. In males, the BDM group displayed highest NHR, MHR, UHR and lowest NHHR and TCHR, lower UHR and NHHR were risk factors of MDD, lower NHHR was risk factors of BDD, higher MHR and lower NHHR were risk factors of BDM. In females, the BDM group displayed highest NHR, MHR and UHR, higher TGHR was risk factor of MDD, higher MHR, TGHR and UHR were risk factors of BDD, higher NHR, MHR, TGHR and UHR were risk factors of BDM. CONCLUSIONS:Gender-specific differences in HDL-related profile among BDM, BDD and MDD patients were demonstrated, highlighting gender-specific role of HDL-related indicators in the pathophysiology of MDD and BD.

Objective: Recent research has provided strong evidence supporting the use of uric acid-related ratios as potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Notable ratios among these include uric acid-to-albumin ratio (UAR), uric acid-to-creatinine ratio (UCR), uric acid-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (UHR), and uric acid-to-lymphocyte ratio (ULR). The aim of the study is to analyze these biomarkers in bipolar disorder (BD) patients. Methods: 5465 BD patients were enrolled in this study and 6629 healthy subjects served as controls. We compared differences of the above ratio indicators among different BD diagnostic groups and analyzed factors leading to the onset of BD. Results: BD-M (manic episodes of BD) group had higher ULR, UHR, UCR, UAR than HC (Heathy Controls) and BD-D (depressive episodes of BD) groups, while BD-D group showed lower ULR and UCR than HC group. P-BD-M (BD-M with psychotic symptoms) group displayed higher ULR, UHR, UCR, UAR than HC group, while even higher ULR, UHR, UAR than NP-BD-M (BD-M without psychotic symptoms) group. High UAR was risk factor in BD-M. Conclusions: Our study suggests BD-M has more intense inflammatory response than BD-D. Furthermore, there is heterogeneity in the pathogenesis of psychotic symptoms between BD-M and BD-D. Additionally, High UAR was risk factor in BD-M.

Solid-state lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are still plagued with low ionic conductivity and inferior interfacial contact, which hinder their practical implementation. Herein, a quasi-solid-state composite electrolyte, poly(1,3-dioxolane) (PDOL)/glassy ZIF-62 (PGZ) with fast ion transport and intimate interface contact, is fabricated via in situ polymerization. The in situ polymerization of DOL in an electrolyte matrix not only improves the exterior interface between electrolyte/electrode but also optimizes the inner interfaces among glassy particles, rendering PGZ as an uninterrupted ionic conductor. Moreover, PGZ inherits the superior ionic conductivity and the robust dendrite prohibition of glassy MOFs originating from their grain-boundary-free nature, isotropy, and abundant groups containing N species. As expected, our proposed PGZ exhibits a prominent ionic conductivity of 6.3 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 20 °C. Li|PGZ|LiFePO4 delivers an outstanding rate performance (103 mAh g-1 at 4C) and a stable cycling capacity (118 mAh g-1 at 1C over 1000 cycles). PGZ also presents excellent low-temperature cycling performance with 75 mAh g-1 for 480 cycles at -20 °C and excellent flame retardance. Even at a high loading of 12.1 mg cm-2, it can still discharge at 140 mAh g-1 for 100 cycles. Hence, PGZ prepared via in situ polymerization holds enormous prospects as a solid-state electrolyte for high-performance and safe LMBs.

OBJECTIVE:Numerous studies have demonstrated that neutrophil/HDL ratio (NHR), lymphocyte/HDL ratio (LHR), monocyte/HDL (MHR) ratio, platelet/HDL ratio (PHR), neutrophil/ALB ratio (NAR) and platelet/ALB ratio (PAR) can serve as systemic inflammation and oxidative stress markers in a variety of diseases. However, few studies have estimated the associations of these markers with unipolar depression (UD) and bipolar depression (BD), as well as psychotic symptoms in UD and BD.METHODS:6297 UD patients, 1828 BD patients and 7630 healthy subjects were recruited. The differences in these indicators among different groups were compared, and the influencing factors for the occurrence of UD or BD and psychotic symptoms were analyzed.RESULTS:These ratios displayed unique variation patterns across different diagnostic groups. BD group exhibited higher NHR, LHR, MHR, NAR and lower PAR than UD and HC groups, UD group showed higher MHR than HC group. The psychotic UD group had higher NHR, LHR, MHR and NAR than non-psychotic UD group. Higher LHR, MHR, NAR and lower PAR were risk factors in BD when compared to UD group.CONCLUSIONS:Our study demonstrated differences in inflammation and oxidative stress profile between UD and BD patients, as well as between subjects with or without psychotic symptom exist, highlighting the role of inflammation and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of UD and BD.

OBJECTIVE:Recent studies show that oxidative stress is related to the pathogenesis of BD. Non-enzymatic antioxidants, macro-minerals and MHR (monocyte divided by high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) participated oxidative stress and can be obtained quickly in hematological examination. This study used large-scale clinical data to investigate them between BD and healthy controls (HCs), as well as between psychotic and non-psychotic BD to explore their roles in disease progression.METHODS:A total of 3442 BD-manic (BD-M) and 1405 BD-depression (BD-D) in acute stage and 5000 HCs were enrolled, including 1592 BD-M with psychotic symptoms (P-BD-M), 1850 BD-M without psychotic symptoms (NP-BD-M), 655 P-BD-D, 750 NP-BD-D. The differences in these biological parameter levels among different groups were compared, and the contributing factors for the occurrence of BD-M or BD-D and psychotic symptoms of BD were analyzed.RESULTS:We found higher levels of Na and MHR, and lower levels of K, Ca and ALB in BD-M or BD-D compared with the HCs respectively; levels of K, Na, Ca, ALB and MHR have differences among P-BD-M, NP-BD-M and HC; levels of K, Na, Ca and ALB have differences among P-BD-D, NP-BD-D and HC. In multiple logistic regression, higher levels of MHR and Na were associated with BD-M; MHR was shown to be independently associated with P-BD-M; K, Na, ALB were shown to be independently associated with P-BD-D.CONCLUSIONS:Our study highlights the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of BD. There is heterogeneity between BD-M and BD-D, and different oxidative stress mechanisms of psychotic symptoms exist in BD-M and BD-D.

Background:Inflammation is relevant to the pathophysiology of severe neuropsychiatric disorders, schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorders (BD). Multiple pathophysiological biomarkers are valuable for the study of inflammatory processes. This study investigated albumin-related biomarkers in SCZ and BD to explore their roles in disease.Methods:A total of 5,577 SCZ, 3442 BD-manic (BD-M) and 1405 BD-depression (BD-D) in acute stage and 5000 health controls (HCs) were enrolled. The differences in these biomarker levels among different groups were compared, and the contributing factors for the occurrence of SCZ, BD, and subgroups of BD were analyzed.Results:Both SCZ and BD exhibit lower prognostic nutritional index (PNI), but higher neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) and creatinine-albumin ratio (CRA) compared with HC. Compared with BD-D, BD-M had higher NPAR and platelet-to-albumin ratio (PAR) and lower CRA. In logistic regression, lower prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and higher CRA were associated with both SCZ and BD, while higher NPAR was associated with BD. In the subgroup of BD, higher NPAR, CRA and lower PNI were associated with BD-M; lower PAR, PNI and higher CRA were associated with BD-D.Conclusion:Our study reaffirmed the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of SCZ and BD. Diagnostic value has been demonstrated in NPAR, PAR, PNI and CRA for BD and SCZ.

In this study, silane coupling agent KH560-FA containing furan groups was synthesized to modify the surface of graphene oxide, and maleimide group-capped waterborne polyurethane was synthesized at the same time. A self-healing material with a microcrosslinking network structure based on polymer/modified graphene oxide was synthesized by Diels–Alder (DA) reaction. The materials obtained can control the formation and fracture of DA chemical bonds under thermal stimulation and repair the damage macroscopically. With the addition of modified graphene oxide from 0 wt

First, cellulose nanocrystals were extracted from microcrystalline cellulose using the sulfuric acid hydrothermal method. Second, imine aromatic diol (Imine) was synthesized from p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 4,4’-diaminodiphenylmethane as raw materials. Then the imine was introduced into the polyurethane, and the reversible covalent bond between the imine and the C = N group was used to endow the polyurethane with self-healing properties. Finally, cellulose nanocrystalline (CNC) was added into the self-healing polyurethane as the dispersed phase to prepare the composite. The experimental results show that with the increase of the amount of CNC, the properties of the composites increase first and then decrease, which is due to the physical cross-linking effect of proper CNC distribution in the selfhealing polyurethane, it is beneficial to the mechanical properties, but the self-healing property is reduced by further increasing the content, which restricts the movement of the molecular chain. The mechanical properties of the composite with 0.049 g CNC are the best, with fracture strength reaching 20.59 MPa, approximately 1.56 times higher than that of pure self-healing polyurethane, and its elongation at break is 979%, and the self-healing efficiency reaches 84.7%, keeping an excellent level.

Objective Platelets are increasingly considered to play an important role in inflammation and are being regarded as a putative bridge linking mental diseases and inflammatory response. Platelet-associated haematological parameters including mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), platelet to albumin ratio (PAR) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) to platelet ratio (RPR), have been recently investigated as simple, easily available, and inexpensive inflammatory markers. In this study, we aimed is to use large-scale clinical data to study platelet parameters in patients with affective disorders, to further investigate the predictive power of platelet parameters for major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). Methods The retrospective, naturalistic, cross-sectional study analysed the data of 14,007 Chinese affective disorder patients, including 4,801 patients with first-episode MDD, 4,098 patients with recurrent MDD, 3,444 patients with BD manic episodes and 1,664 patients with BD depressive episodes. Meanwhile, 6,847 healthy subjects were served as the control group. The differences in the MPV, PDW, PCT, SII, PLR, PAR, RPR and albumin among different groups were compared, and the contributing factors for the occurrence of MDD or BD were analysed. Results There were significant differences in MPV, PDW, PCT, SII, PLR, RPR and albumin values among the study groups. In the subjects, patients experiencing BD manic episodes had the highest mean values of MPV and SII, patients experiencing BD depressive episodes had the lowest mean values of platelet counts and PAR, and patients with MDD had the highest mean values of PLR and RDW. The levels of MPV, PDW and albumin were independently correlated with MDD and BD, and they are important predictors for differentiating patients with MDD or BD from healthy controls. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that different affective disorders have unique platelet parameter variation patterns, highlighting the role of platelet parameters and systemic inflammation in the pathophysiology of MDD and BD.

OBJECTIVE:There is substantial evidence to support that the alterations in the immune-inflammation system play a crucial role in the pathogenic mechanism of affective disorders. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR) have been recently investigated as simple, rapid, and inexpensive inflammation markers. The purpose of the research is to use large-scale clinical data to study the difference of the inflammation ratios in first-episode MDD, recurrent MDD, BD depressive episodes and manic episode.METHODS:A cross-sectional design was applied to retrospectively analyse the data that were extracted from electronic health records. A total of 16,174 Chinese affective disorder patients were enrolled in this study, and 6681 healthy subjects served as controls. The differences in the NLR, MLR, PLR and whole blood count data among different groups were compared, and the contributing factors for the occurrence of MDD and BD were analysed.RESULTS:First-episode and recurrent MDD patients exhibited significantly elevated NLRs and MLRs compared to healthy controls. Compared with the MDD patients, the BD patients showed higher NLRs and MLRs and lower PLRs. Further analysis showed that the BD manic episode patients had significantly elevated NLRs and MLRs compared to patients with BD depressive episodes or MDD. MLR was a risk factor for the occurrence of MDD and that the NLR and MLR were risk factors for the occurrence of BD.CONCLUSIONS:Our study highlights the role of systemic inflammation in the pathophysiology of MDD and BD, particularly during manic BD episodes.

Background:People may endorse suicidal behavior during a major depressive episode. Affective temperaments may play a role in this risk. We explored the relationship between affective temperaments and suicide and identified some traits that can predict suicide risk in depression.Materials and Methods:We analyzed the results of the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Auto-questionnaire (TEMPS-A) in 284 participants recruited from a psychiatric clinic and the community in Beijing and compared the subscale scores (temperaments of cyclothymic, dysthymic, anxious, irritable, and hyperthymic) among major depressive disorders (MDDs) vs. the general population as well as depressive patients with vs. without suicide risk, using Student's test, chi-square test, rank-sum test, and multivariable regression modeling.Results:The incidence of suicidal risk in depressive subjects was 47.62% (80/168). Being unmarried (p < 0.001), unemployed (p = 0.007), and temperaments of dysthymic, cyclothymic, anxious, and irritable scores (all p < 0.001) were significantly more prevalent in patients with depression than in the general population. Young age (p < 0.001), female sex (p = 0.037), unmarried (p = 0.001), more severe depression (p < 0.001), and dysthymic, anxious, and cyclothymic temperament (all p < 0.05) were significantly more prevalent in patients with depressive disorder than those without suicide risk. The logistic regression analysis showed that younger age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.937, 95% CI 0.905∼0.970), female sex (OR = 2.606, 95% CI 1.142∼5.948), more severe depression (OR = 1.145, 95% CI 1.063∼1.234), cyclothymic temperament (OR = 1.275, 95% CI 1.102∼1.475), and dysthymic temperament (OR = 1.265, 95% CI 1.037∼1.542) were all independently associated with high suicidal risk in patients with first-onset major depression (p < 0.05).Conclusion:Temperament traits differ between the general population and people suffering from MDD. Subjects with MDD who have much more severe depressive symptoms and a cyclothymic or dysthymic temperament were at a high risk of suicide.

BackgroundThe systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), system inflammation response index (SIRI), neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (NHR), lymphocyte/HDL ratio (LHR), monocyte/HDL ratio (MHR), and platelet/HDL ratio (PHR) have been recently investigated as new markers for inflammation. The purpose of this research is to use large-scale clinical data to discuss and compare the predictive ability of the SII, SIRI, NHR, LHR, MHR, and PHR in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), to investigate potential biomarkers.Materials and methodsIn this retrospective, naturalistic, cross-sectional study, we collected the hematological parameter data of 13,329 patients with SCZ, 4,061 patients with BD manic episodes (BD-M), and 1,944 patients with BD depressive episodes (BD-D), and 5,810 healthy subjects served as the healthy control (HC) group. The differences in the SII, SIRI, NHR, LHR, MHR, and PHR were analyzed, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic potential of these parameters.ResultsCompared with the HC group, the values of the SII, SIRI, NHR, LHR, MHR, and PHR and the levels of neutrophils, monocytes, and triglycerides (TG) were higher in SCZ and BD groups, and levels of platelets, cholesterol (CHO), HDL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and apoprotein B (Apo B) were lower in SCZ and BD groups. Compared to the BD group, the values of the SIRI, lymphocytes, monocytes, and HDL were lower and the values of the SII, NHR, PHR, and platelet were higher in the SCZ group. In contrast to the BD-D group, the values of the SII; SIRI; NHR; and MHR; and levels of neutrophils, monocytes, and platelets were higher in the BD-M group, and the levels of CHO, TG, LDL, and Apo B were lower in the BD-M group. The MHR and NHR were predictors for differentiating the SCZ group from the HC group; the SIRI, NHR, and MHR were predictors for differentiating the BD-M group from the HC group; and the MHR was a predictor for differentiating the BD-D group from the HC group. The combination model of the indicators improved diagnostic effectiveness.ConclusionOur study highlights the role of systemic inflammation in the pathophysiology of SCZ, BD-M, and BD-D, the association between inflammation and lipid metabolism, and these inflammation and lipid metabolism indicators showed different variation patterns in SCZ, BD-D, and BD-M.

In this study, robust and defect-free thin film composite (TFC) forward osmosis (FO) membranes have been successfully fabricated using ceramic hollow fibers as the substrate. Polydopamine (PDA) coating under controlled conditions is effective to reduce the surface pores of the substrate and make the substrate smooth enough for the interfacial polymerization. The pure water permeability (A), solute permeability (B) and structural parameter (S) of the resultant FO membrane are 0.854 L·m-2h-1bar-1 (LMH/Bar) 0.186 L·m-2h-1 (LMH) and 1720 µm, respectively. The water flux and reverse draw solute flux are measured using NaCl and proprietary ferric sodium citrate (FeNaCA) draw solutions at low and high osmotic pressure ranges. With increasing the osmotic pressure, higher water flux is obtained but its increase is not directly proportional to the increase in the osmotic pressure. At the membrane surface, the effect of dilutive concentration polarization is much less serious for FeNaCA draw solutions. At an osmotic pressure of 89.6 bar, the developed TFC membrane generates water fluxes of 11.5 and 30.0 LMH using NaCl and synthesized FeNaCA draw solutions. The corresponding reverse draw solute flux is 7.0 g·m-2h-1 (gMH) for NaCl draw solution but it is not detectable for FeNaCA draw solution. This means that the developed TFC FO membranes are defect free and their surface pores are at molecular level. The performance of the developed TFC FO membranes are also demonstrated for the enrichment of BSA protein.

Cracks are an inevitable problem during the use of materials, and flexible sensors with self-healing capability are of great importance for applications in wearable devices and skin-like electronic devices. This paper prepared self-healing flexible strain sensors by compounding self-healing polyurethane with carbon nanotubes. First, by changing the ratio of disulfide bonds, a good balance between mechanical properties and self-healing efficiency was achieved in the prepared self-healing polyurethane. The most balanced sample reached 12.28 MPa in tensile strength, after 24 h of self-repair at 30 °C, the tensile strength was 7.75 MPa, and the self-repair efficiency was 63.11

In this paper, a self-repairing polyurethane without external stimulation was synthesized. First, a reversible acyl hydrazone bond was introduced into the polyurethane molecular chain. The bond could be dynamically reversible under acidic stimulation to repair the material damage. After that, different contents of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate components were added to modify the material in the synthesis, and its performance was compared to pure polyurethane (PU-0). The polymer was tested using digital viscometer, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), tensile test, etc. The results showed that the addition of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate can promote the healing of the material, so that the synthetic polyurethane material can be repaired to a certain extent without external stimulation.

BackgroundInflammation and oxidative stress are the major leading hypothetical causes of schizophrenia. Unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) is an efficient endogenous plasma antioxidant. Inflammation is closely linked to oxidative stress. The relationship between UCB and inflammatory markers should be paid close attention in schizophrenia acute stage. In this paper, combined UCB and inflammatory markers were evaluated for their capability in predicting schizophrenia in the acute stage to find an easy and effective indicator to identify acute schizophrenia.MethodsA total of 6,937 acute schizophrenia patients and 6,404 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. UCB and peripheral biomarkers of inflammation derived from complete blood counts (CBC) were investigated in the subjects with acute schizophrenia, and the results were compared with HCs. Simultaneously, Spearman test was employed to assess the correlation between the variables, while logistic regression was adopted to determine the combined equation and receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the combined value of UCB and peripheral biomarkers of inflammation derived from CBC to predict schizophrenia in the acute stage.ResultsThe study indicates that white blood cells, neutrophil, monocyte, mean platelet volume (MPV), red cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR) have significantly increased in schizophrenia (p < 0.05 for all), while platelet, lymphocyte, and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in schizophrenia have significantly decreased (p < 0.05 for all). UCB exhibits negative correlation with MPV significantly (r = 0.121, p < 0.001), and no correlation with neutrophil and monocyte. The correlations between UCB and other peripheral biomarkers of inflammation derived from CBC are very weak. MPV, RDW, NLR, MLR, PLR, and UCB were taken as independent variables for a logistic regression analysis. The model was as follows:Logit (P1)=-6.141+0.827 MPV+5.613 MLR-0.005 PLR-0.346 UBC.The combination demonstrates better effectiveness in predicting schizophrenia in the acute stage (AUC 0.831, 95% CI 0.825 to 0.837).ConclusionUCB has a protective effect on acute stage of schizophrenia, which is weak and indirect by affecting the proinflammatory processes. Our findings suggest that a combination of MLR, MPV, PLR, and UBC could be used to predict acute stage of schizophrenia.