为了提高水平井压裂方案优化水平,提高水平井产量,应用灰色关联分析方法,建立了水平井压裂各影响因素与产量的关联度,对主要影响因素归一化处理,明确了水平井压裂工艺参数与产量关系分析方法.通过理论与统计分析方法,绘制不同区块水平井压裂规模与产能、经济效益关系图版,给出了不同区块水平井布缝间距和压裂规模优化标准.在茂A、古B区块现场试验35口井,考虑极限泄油半径的水平井布缝间距优化设计方法与实际基本吻合,试验井初期平均日产液10.4 t,为方案预测产量的1.3倍.

为推广胶凝原油水力悬浮输送技术,搭建了挂壁原油冲洗实验系统,通过实验数据分析胶凝原油是否均匀挂壁、冲洗水量及冲洗时间等对冲洗效果的影响.实验结果表明,少数胶凝原油颗粒挂在管壁上用冷水冲洗效果为100%;胶凝原油大面积挂壁时,均匀挂壁冲洗效果较差,非均匀挂壁的冲洗效果有所改善.对于挂壁5 mm的油管,实验条件下,均匀挂壁油管冲洗效果在2.8%~5.9%之间,非均匀挂壁油管冲洗效果在9.5%~23.3%之间.

为了进一步挖潜提高抽油机井泵效的空间,深入剖析泵效主要影响因素,通过理论分析和现场试验给出了不同含水级别、不同沉没压力的泵效对标管理图版,不同杆柱组合、不同泵深等参数下防冲距调整与泵效的量化关系,为制定单井提高泵效具体措施提供了依据,为高效实施泵效综合挖潜方案奠定了基础.

Aiming at low lift pumping efficiency and high energy consumption of pumping wells in Daqing peripheral low permeability low-yielding oilfield,taking time as one parameter into account during the production parameters optimization of pumping wells,the conventional oil well working system with three parameters pump diameter,stroke,pumping speed adjust and transform into four parameters pump diameter,stroke,pumping speed,time.Taking minimizing energy consumption as the goal and maintaining yield as basis condition,a four-parameter working system optimizing model was established in this paper,and then corresponding calculation software was designed,which could easily and accurately calculated the single well intermittent oil production and reasonable system of work.

Abstract This paper presents a technology that can control fracturing properly in the thin layers in peripheral Daqing oil fields. The layers are thin and numerous, and the lithology is very complex, so the conventional frac or limited entry fracturing has been serious inadaptability. For an example, only 47% of the oil layers produce in a single well, Lots of thin layers in peripheral oil field couldn't be fractured, and reservoir could not be developed fully,, so the effects t of fracturing is poor. Refined-controlled fracturing technique takes into account reservoir nature, lithologic character and the distribution of in-situ stress. In this case, the organic integration of detailed geological research and control technique has been achieved. 308 wells have been applied and tested the technology. The technology break through the limits that the fracturing layers must be more than 4m and stratified according to thickness of the barrier and crustal stress in the past. The effect of perforation parameters to the fracture's initiation direction has been determined by three-dimensional elastic-plastic finite element techniques. Based on the fracture mechanics, the model of fracture extension has been built, and simulated the perforation and its impacts, the contrast of horizontal stress on the deflection of fracture. Based on theoretical study, the perforation design of fracturing wells has been developed.

The horizontal well is a new format of oil production in the technology of drilles well development.It increases the range of drilling well crossing oil layer in a thin oil-bearing formation,carrying out high speed water flooding and oil extraction and improving production.Some horizontal wells need fracturing,therefore the the shape and orientation of the man-made fracture is often expected to be understood and the controlled.The microseism monitoring of man-made fracture can understand the shape and orientation of fracturing fracture.By researching already fractured result of horizontal well,in particular the horizontal section of drilling well along the orientation of maximum horizontal principal stress,the forming mechanism and controlling pattern.Thus the drilling well level of horizontal well and controlling fracture theory can be improved.

激光破岩技术在石油工业上具有广阔的应用前景,但目前国内对激光与岩石相互作用机制的研究还比较少见.根据非定常传热学原理分析了均匀激光光束和高斯激光光束照射砂岩时的温度场分布;根据热应力方程和边界条件模拟了砂岩内部的热应力分布,得到有效切削砂岩所需的激光功率阈值;根据能量守恒定律建立岩石的熔化和气化模型,得到一定激光功率下岩石熔化和气化的速率.模拟结果表明,在深井中采用激光钻井技术,其钻进速度远高于常规的机械旋转钻井技术,具有显著的工业应用潜力.

针对大庆西部外围油田地面系统存在着产油量下降、设施腐蚀老化、区域负荷不平衡和运行能耗高等问题。因此,在老油田系统优化调整中,通过布局优化和工艺优化,改变布站方式和处理流程,将老油田调整与新建产能结合,采用新技术,加强节能技术改造,进行集油环优化,采取关、停、并、转、串等措施,取得了较好的效果。

For oilfields which have already came into high water cut stage,potential layers and high water cut layers coexist vertically because of serious heterogeneity.It is easy for water breakthrough while fracturing because the interbed is generally thin.Therefore,the estimation of barrier function for interbeds and fracture height controlling are very important for hydraulic fracturing,which are also the difficulty and critical points of fracturing optimization design and well selecting.Based on the qualitative research on the barrier function of thin interbed,experiments were conducted on the interbed limits,and a new method of fracturing interbed selecting has been put forward.At the same time,the corresponding technics is provided,and 27 wells have been tested on-site.The conventional viewpoint that fracturing couldn't be conducted if the interbed is less 4 m is broken.This technology enlarges the range of selecting wells and layers for fracturing and has very important significance for improving the reservoir stimulation efficiency in high water cut stage.

1.前言 龙一转地区是大庆油田采油九厂开发较早的区块之一,第一批投产的油井已生产20年.随着开发时间的延长,油田综合含水逐渐上升,设备日益老化,电力消耗量增加.为此,有必要在龙一转地区开辟节能试验区,以探索节能降耗的有效途径.EMCO是一种基于合同能源管理和新运行机制的节能服务公司,中文译为"合同能源管理控制专业化节能服务公司".作为节能概念的全新创举,合同能源管理在为客户实施节能项目的过程中,承担了与项目实施相关的所有前期投入和大部分风险,解决了当前推广节能项目最大的难题.

主要论述大庆西部外围油田地面工艺技术发展现状,地面工程采取的主要措施及效果,目前油田地面工程存在的主要矛盾和应采取的对策,并对地面工程整体发展进行了展望,对储量规模大、储量丰度相对较高、地面条件差、分布零散、难以形成规模的区块进行了开发潜力评价.