生料发酵酒精技术具有工艺简单、节约能量、发酵浓度高等优点，在能源问题日益突出的今天，正在重新成为研究的热点。传统的生料发酵酒精技术存在着生产成本过高、原料利用率过低等问题。随着酶工业和酵母工业的产业化，为该技术的发展提供了技术支撑。

The technology of ethanol fermentation with corn and lower temperature starch hydrolyzing enzymes using no cook process is investigated.The results show that the optimum initial substance content is at 30%,the brew temperature is at 30 ℃, the stirring rate is at 75 r/min,natural initial pH,200 U/g amount of lower temperature starch hydrolyzing enzymes,which including 100 U/g liquefy starch enzymes and 100 U/g sugary starch enzymes.Under this optimum condition,the alcohol content of the fermentation system is up to 16.4%.

膳食纤维是过去30年来的研究热点.本文参考近年来的研究成果,综述了膳食纤维的定义、生理功效及其应用现状和发展前景,对人们全面认识膳食纤维与人体健康的关系有较大的参考价值.

多不饱和脂肪酸的功能特性越来越受公众的关注,在各个方面都具有一定的应用价值.本文综述了多不饱和脂肪酸在医疗、健康饮食方面以及在日常生活制品中发挥的作用及其研究进展.

Extraction and purification technology of lipid-soluble anti-tumor active components from fig residues were studied. Thirteen crystals were got after column chromatography, spectrometric study and structural analysis. The anti-tumor activity of these 13 crystals was investigated on blood tumor cell line(U937), lung tumor cell line(95D)and stomach tumor cell line(AGS)in vitro. The Number 6 crystal was identified as β-sitosterol and validated as anti-tumor component for its fifty percent inhibition content (IC50)lower than 10mg/L. The optimum lipid-soluble anti-tumor components extraction condition are as follows, using petroleum ether(boiling point from 60 to 90℃) as solvent and the fig residues granularity 750μm, extracting temperature 85℃, extracting time 130min, the ratio of solid to solvent 1∶11(g∶mL), extracting twice. As a result the anti-tumor substance extraction yield is 23.1g/kg. The anti-tumor component was identified as β-sitosterol after column chromatography, spectrometric study and structural analysis.

Diesel's fuel injection system uses the higher fuel injection pressure;the fuel leakage form the spouse clearance would affect the fuel injection process.Based on the existing spouse clearance's fuel leakage analysis model under the constant fuel pressure,this paper gives the fuel leakage's calculating method for the tradition fuel injection system and analyses the variation law of the fuel leakage.Analyzing the affect factors of the leakage from the needle spouse and it's affect to the fuel injection process,point out that adopting the bigger pump element's lift to diameter ratio can decrease the leakage under the different working condition,decrease the pressure variety and optimize the Diesel's performances.

That emission regulation is becoming more and more strictly makes the injector using the higher fuel pressure. The leakage from the clearance of the high fuel pressure injector’s spouse will affect the fuel injection process. The injector’s needle spouse is the researching object. By using the methods of the testing study and the finite to investigating the calculation model of the fuel leakage, the result shows that the variant of the interface of the needle spouse that because of the high fuel pressure produces the obvious effect. This paper gives a right way to calculate the leakage from the gap of the injector needle spouse.

Merits and shortages of tangent port and helical port are compared, and a helical port and a tangent port are combined in 4valve intake system. Experimental study on the relative location of the two ports is carried out by the steady flow test rig. Consequently, long tangent port and short helical port are adopted. Impacts of tangent port throttle degree on intake process are still investigated. Evaluating parameters of 4valave intake system are put forward and the way of implementing variable intake swirl is indicated. Otherwise the airflow in the combined ports is measured by the hot wire anemometer. The regulations of airflow in the combined ports are revealed.

通过螺旋气道与不同进口面积切向气道的组合试验,分析了各种组合进气系统的流通特性,发现通过改变切向气道进口面积就能很容易地实现涡流比的调节.利用热线风速仪对模拟缸内空气流动进行了测量,结果表明4气门柴油机进气过程中在远离缸盖的平面内形成稳定的旋涡,其涡流中心偏离气缸中心.揭示了4气门柴油机进气涡流的形成过程及缸内流场的特点,详细探讨了切向气道进口面积和气门升程对缸内流场的影响.

The technical characteristics and design principles of 4 valve D.I. diesel engine inlet system are analyzed in this paper. Advantages of 4 valve inlet system such as augmenting valve flow area, alterable swirl intensity and ameliorating the combination of fuel/air are specially expounded. It is indicated that the combination of long tangent port and short helical port is in favor of generating great intake swirl by comparing the combinations of different ports in 4 valve inlet system. The sketch of valves placement and the design of charging organization, which are connected to the cylinder head design, are discussed. 4 valve engines sustained and matched with turbocharging, decreasing clearance volume of chamber, high pressure injection with multiple holes and EGR can improve combustion and clean emission and boost dynamical and economic performances. Furthermore, engines with 4 valve technology can meet more stringent emission regulations in future.