Chinese history has never lacked auspicious faith, which has become one of the cores of traditional culture. From the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties, the auspicious concept of Jiahe went through a systematic and theoretical process of political thought construction, and put it into specific political enlightenment, which became the embodiment of the characteristics of the era of governance in accordance with auspiciousness in the pre-Qin, Han, Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties. The interpretation of the belief in Jiahe Auspicious is helpful to understand the political culture and its operating mechanism of the traditional society.

在明清时期的山东汶水流域,宗族流行刻立谱系碑刻.他们围绕祖茔的认定和系谱的整理,使原有的宗族世系和族群边界明确起来,从而实现了宗族的组织化和本地化.但随着外来宗族人口规模的不断扩大,也会出现迫不得已的"离宗"现象.分离出的宗支与原来的宗族仅仅存在观念上的联结,形成所谓的"上位世系群",而不能组成承担实际功能的地域化宗族组织,由于移民运动造成的宗族与村落关系主要有三种,即融入、占有和迁出;形成的地域宗族也相应表现为杂居型、聚居型和散居型三种.

在四川盆地中部,分布大量河流、湖泊,以往在该区地震勘探遇到河流湖泊时,基本采用测线偏移避开水域或直接丢道等方法,使得地震资料覆盖次数、偏移距的均匀性受到较大影响,甚至由于丢道太多,造成资料缺失.随着川中地区勘探精度要求越来越高,急需解决河流湖泊地震采集技术难题,但在该地区水域进行地震勘探难度很大,它们具有分布散、面积小、流动水、水底结构复杂等特点,成熟的海洋勘探方法难以应用.针对川河流湖泊的特点,通过多方法构建精确的水域区近地表模型,对水深、水流速度、水底情况进行精确描述,利用水面定位,垂直沉放水下检波器方法,较好解决了河流湖泊区地震资料采集难的问题.

四川盆地火山岩发育区生储盖组合配置好,油气成藏条件优越.2018年,YT1井获得高产工业气流,证实了该区二叠系火山岩具有较大的油气勘探潜力.但由于以往地震资料的信噪比低、成像精度不高,难以满足火山岩有利相带的精细刻画及井位部署需求.为此,通过高精度三维观测系统设计、井—震联合采集施工、动态激发井深设计、低频检波器接收技术等采集关键技术的应用,目的层地震资料信噪比与分辨率得到大幅提高;并且利用新资料建立了火山岩喷溢相地震识别模式,有效识别了喷溢相与溢流相火山岩的平面分布,推动了四川盆地新区、新领域的天然气勘探进程.

页岩气藏高效开发依赖于高精度三维地震资料,而覆盖密度是决定三维地震资料品质和投资成本的关键参数.针对四川盆地泸州区块海相页岩气三维地震资料,在确保对比因素单一性的前提下,通过抽炮排列将覆盖密度由原始的52.5×104道/km2逐步退化为6种不同覆盖密度的三维观测系统,并对其叠前偏移成果进行定性、定量评价以论证和优选覆盖密度参数;同时对比了相同覆盖密度下大面元高覆盖和小面元低覆盖两种观测系统的优劣.结果表明:①叠前偏移成像效果随着覆盖密度的增大而逐渐改善,信噪比也随之提高,振幅、频率、信噪比的定量评价显示泸州区块页岩气三维地震观测系统覆盖密度选择在42.0×104道/km2较为合适;②在相同的覆盖密度下,大面元高覆盖观测系统能够提高地震资料的信噪比,有利于复杂构造的成像,而小面元低覆盖观测系统则有更高的纵横向分辨率.结论认为:开展覆盖密度参数退化试验,综合定性和定量评价结果能够获得一个兼顾成像效果和经济性的覆盖密度参数;在覆盖密度确定的前提下,对于信噪比较高地区,可以选择小面元低覆盖观测系统,而对于信噪比较低地区,可以选择大面元高覆盖观测系统.

当地腹存在高速屏蔽层时,高速层对地震波向下传播及深部地层反射信息向上传播都起到屏蔽作用,使得深部地层的反射信息难以获取.地震勘探中,当炮检距增大到一定程度或入射角到达临界角时,可接收到一种特殊的波——广角反射波,对其处理成像可以提高深层反射能量,从而提高地震资料品质.针对四川盆地震旦系等超深储层,开展了广角反射地震资料采集与处理的研究与应用.结果表明:①四川盆地寒武系、震旦系超深地层,是可以获得较好的广角反射资料的,采集中最大偏移距应在20 km左右,且要有足够的覆盖次数;②广角反射的偏移距大,受球面扩散和地层衰减的影响严重,在采集中应考虑更大激发能量;③广角反射资料的去噪处理和动校正是影响成像的关键技术,通过循序渐进的逐步去噪、分频去噪、多域去噪,可以得到高信噪比资料,利用各项异性+4次高阶动校正方法可以较好地解决动校正问题;④广角反射波与正常地震反射波存在相位变化,且相位随入射角的变化而变化,二者的有机叠加还需进行精细的相位校正.

乡村博物馆是我国中小城镇特色发展中的新事物,承担着整合广大乡村地区各种历史文化遗产,开发遗址、遗迹类旅游资源,保护文化与自然生态环境,推动新农村建设和乡村振兴,继而实现全域旅游目标的现实责任.以中小城镇特色发展为导向,重点研究以乡村博物馆为核心的文化与旅游业融合的形式、渠道、功能和意义,结合当代博物馆经营管理理论,探讨推动乡村文化旅游产业发展的路径,以期对新时代乡村振兴和中小城镇建设新旧动能转换提供参考和借鉴.

遗迹旅游业是以人文历史和自然环境见证物为观览和体验对象的旅游业态,而博物馆则因其保存与展示人类及人类环境的物质及非物质文化遗存功能,在遗迹旅游业中发挥主导作用并产生经济和社会效益.乡村博物馆担负着整合广大农村地区各种自然与文化遗存、遗址和遗迹类旅游资源,推动新农村建设和乡村振兴,实现全域旅游目标的重任.文章以泰安市近几年涌现出来的村办、民办等非国有博物馆为考察对象,结合当代博物馆经营管理理论,探讨乡村遗迹旅游业得以实现的途径,以期对新时代我国旅游业发展新旧动能转换提供参考和借鉴.

金元之交,北方汉人宗族最先兴起于军功家族.他们利用“根脚”和“承荫”,在墓碑上刻写“宗派之图”,建立了同宗共祖的血缘组织.13至14世纪,“宗派之图”碑集中在鲁中山地出现,反映了北方汉人从祖先崇拜向宗族意识的过渡.汉人宗族在蒙元统治下争取权利,利用碑刻记录宗支世系和分派,表现出与南方地区不一样的谱牒类型和特点.元代迄清,北方宗族组织的发展具有连续性,山东地区提供了可资证明的实例.

There are five main Buddha statues dressed in white in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoesmurals frescoed in the era from the Northern Wei to Western Wei Dynasty. There are many research results about their identities, but most are speculation from religious history or Buddhist scriptures. Recently a Northern Qi Buddhist Statues tablet was found in MT. Taishan area exactly with the"Buddha in white" title. It is surely the new evidence for identifying Dunhuang "White Buddha". This discovery proves that relationships between white and Maitreya inthe Buddhist classics and artistic reality are so closely,"White Buddha"is no doubt Maitreya.

Taishan YANG's family was a famous family in Shandong area.The family were deeply influenced by Buddhism.They worshiped and explained the Buddhism.They carved scripture and made figure of Buddha.Especially,many YANG's women tonsured and became nuns.They propagated the Culture of Buddhism,and made an outstanding contribution to the development of the Culture of Buddhism in Taian.The thought of YANG's Worshiping Buddhism was relevant to WEI and JIN metaphysics.

The religious reform of pharaohs Akhenatem of the 18th century in ancient Egypt and the secular revolution of Wang Mang in Han dynasty are two anti-traditional and anti-tidal ones from top to bottom which failed because they were against the historical situation of the times.But the failure are not only due to the initiator,as choices made by human are that made by history,as well as made by culture.The inner strength of social development and change is culture.

In Japan,learing western science and culture began with Lanxue,which exerted a tremendous influence on Japanese tranditional culture and premised the basic thought of Japanese central culture.The interpreters of Dutch in Japan,the merdchants of the Netherlands,and the officals were the important advocators,but the most important of them were the scholars of Lanxue.