Implicit Schadenfreude of disaster spectators, with augmentation of implicit self-esteem and higher reward responsiveness as indicators, and the influence of insecurity and masculinity was explored in two studies. Both studies were conducted under conditions without any clearly legitimizing factors. Experimental (priming with disaster video) and control (priming with neutral video) groups were compared using the Implicit Association Test in Study 1, the results of which showed augmentation of implicit self-esteem in the experimental group. In Study 2, participants who read and believed a fabricated news report of fire disaster via a local area network website showed higher reward responsiveness in a reward-based signal-detection task. Other results showed that insecurity negatively predicted the augmentation of implicit self-esteem and reward responsiveness, while masculinity only negatively predicted the augmentation of implicit self-esteem.

This study,by manipulating social distance cues(in-group/out-group) and emotional valence(positive/negative) between objects and 40 participants(college students),aims to explore the effect of object-self relation on embodied simulation in mind-reading.The results show the following:(1) social distance has a significant main effect in that a close social distance triggers intense embodied simulation;(2) emotional valence has a significant main effect in that a positive emotional perception imposed on the object by an individual causes intense embodied simulation;(3) according to the interaction between social distance and emotional valence,a positive emotional perception imposed on the object by an individual results in a close social distance and intense embodied simulation,but when there is a negative emotional perception imposed on the object by an individual,social distance has no effect on embodied simulation.The results indicate that emotional valence and social distance have effects at different levels on embodied simulation;that is,an individual manipulates his or her embodied simulation according to emotional cues,followed by cognitive cues.

According to embodied cognition theory and related brain studies,the intensity of mental simulation can be regulated by social distance.On the basis of this notion and on construal level theory,it is predicted that socially distal objects would be represented at more Abstract(higher) level of construal,and be mentally simulated more slightly.Two experiments confirm this prediction.The results show that intensity of mental simulation increases when the "object",which are simulated,are similar to the participants in personality(study 1),and be in-group members rather than out-group members(study 2).Besides,both experiments also show such effect is statistically mediated by individuals' construal level.Implications for future research of mind reading is discussed.

Interindividual-intergroup discontinuity refers to the phenomenon that intergroup interactions are generally more competitive than interindividual interactions.They distinguish between two general perspectives,sirstly,the fear and greed perspective proposes that comparing to interindividual relations,intergroup relations are characterized by greater fear and greed;and then the group decision-making perspective assumes a key role for group discussion is improving rational comprehension of mixed-motive situations.Based on past researches,four key moderators in reducing intergroup conflict are identified:(1) long-term interest consideration;(2) strong independent leaders;(3) outgroup empathy;(4)superordinate goal.Besides,a complete understanding of the discontinuity effect and integration of moderators are yet to be achieved.

The present study,by making a survey of 250 secondary school students from the earthquake-hit areas in Sichuan Province,aims to probe into the relationship between gender,grade,and learning motivation.The study,by comparing these students' learning motivations in 2009 and 2011,explores the effect of the time variable on the change of learning motivations;a survey of 60 students out of the students surveyed is used to prove that self-controlled resource depletion caused by the earthquake can help explain the reduced learning motivations of the students in earthquake-hit areas.The research results show that,with the passage of time,the students' intrinsic learning motivations have been renewed because their self-controlled resources have been recovered to a certain degree.

This article aims to explore the relationship between extroversion, social desirability, and subjective well-being, by using the Extroversion-oriented Scale of NEO-FFI-R, Children＇s Social Desirability （CSD） Scale and the Subjective Well-being Index Scale t9 survey 133 senior high school students in earthquake-hit ar- eas. According to the findings, the aforesaid students＇ extroversion, social desirability and subjective well-being have significantly positive relations with each other, but their extroversion has a weak positive correlation with their social desirability. According to hierarchical regression analysis, their social desirability can buffer the relationship between their extroversion and subjective well-being. The article concludes that their extroversion and social desirability play a certain part in positiyely predicting their subjective well-being, and that social desirability plays a role in mediating their extroversion and subjective well-being.

Objective: To explore the relationship between Chinese ”Big Seven” personality traits and well being. Methods: QZPS_Q and MHQ are used respectively to test 223 junior high school students. Results: Among the ”Big Seven” personality traits, extraversion, behavior style, manner of life and neuroticism can effectively predict well-being. Conclusion: In junior high school students, Chinese ”Big Seven” personality traits are powerful predictors of subjective well-being and psychological well-being.