OBJECTIVE To establish an HPLC method for determination of the related substances and content of glucosamine hydrochloride products from different manufacturers,and evaluate the quality variation of products of three dosage forms from eight different manufacturers.METHODS The determination method was developed on a Phenomenex Luna NH2 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm,5 μm),with phosphate buffer (7.0 g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate dissolved in a suitable amount of water,diluted with 0.5 mL ammonia,add water to 2 000 mL,adjusted to pH 7.5 with phosphoric acid)-acetonitrile (25:75) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.5 mL · min-1.The column temperature was maintained at 30 ℃ and detection wavelength was set at 195 nm.RESULTS The system suitability test met the requirements,and the resolution between the peaks of glucosamine hydrochloride and the impurities were greater than 1.5.Good linearity was shown for glucosamine hydrochloride in the concentration range of 0.156 64-15.664 mg · mL-1 (r =0.999 9).The average recovery rate was 101.14％,with RSD of 1.20％ (n =9).CONCLUSION The established method can be applied in the simultaneous determination of the related substances and content of glucosamine hydroehloride products and provide reference for the quality control.

黑龙江省作为我国农业大省，是国家的重要商品粮基地，但由于垦区与地方生产组织形式等的不同，致使双方农业生产水平差异很大，场县共建是解决这一问题的关键所在。推动城乡统筹发展，加快形成城乡经济社会发展一体化新格局，是新形势下推动农村改革发展的根本要求和重要任务。通过对目前黑龙江省场县合作共建的现状和存在的主要问题分析，提出了场县合作共建的建设对策。目的在于能够充分发挥垦区的示范带动作用，提高共建水平，促进县域经济加快发展，拓展垦区发展空间。

ClO2 biocide has many advantages.ClO2 biocide is able to increase production by killing microorganisms and oxidizing reduced substance in the system of oilfield water treatment.In the system of circulating cooling water treatment,ClO2 biocide has strong oxidizing property,safety and the low cost.So it has broad prospects in the water treatment industry.

A black film was obtained on 304 stainless steel sheet(304 black titanium sheet) through adding auxiliary film-forming agent and additives to improve the formulation of chemical coloring solution and control of the coloring procedure by time-potential difference method,based on the INCO process.The experimental results show that 304 black titanium sheet has good corrosion resistance,wear resistance and processing performance.As is shown by tafel polarization curves,the anode polarization and electrochemical stability of 304 stainless steel sheet have been improved owing to the formation of the color film.The surface structure and composition were analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS).It is found that the black film is uniform and compact,mainly composed of Fe,Cr,Ni,Mn,Ce,C,O and P elements.In addition,the formation mechanism of the black film on the surface of 304 stainless steel sheet is also discussed.

Presenty,all kinds of measurements of new technology and new means applied to the surveying,have brought great impact to the measurement of teaching.It points out the problems in the traditional practice of measurement and provides CDIO mode of measurement practice which proves that it is more suitable for modern civil engineering surveying teaching system.

The characteristics,advantages and disadvantages of chemical,electrochemical and compound polishing processes and how to apply these technologies to the pretreatment of stainless steel before coloring are presented.The development direction of surface polishing technologies for stainless steel is also pointed out.

Stainless steel has the advantages of high strength,good processability,corrosion resistance,wear resistance,etc.,now has been widely used in the fields of space,marine,military and chemical industry,etc.Applications of various additives in stainless steel black coloring are explored,and the latest progress in chemical color coloring for stainless steel is analyzed.

实践教学作为土木工程专业测量课程一种理论与实践相结合的教学活动,在专业人才培养中扮演着重要角色。随着社会的进步和发展,教学理论知识的扩大和更新,相应的实践教学内容也会做出调整。重点介绍如何在测量实习教学过程中实现CDIO教育模式,以期为同类课程教学实现CDIO教育模式提供思路和借鉴,并进一步提升本课程的教学质量。

This paper was focused on nonlinear,delay and uncertainty characteristics of the humidity control,and proposed intelligent hygronom based on fuzzy control.The design was not only further study of fuzzy rules but defuzzification by the minimum and maximum method and simulation study by MATLAB to test its rules and control effect.The simulation results was shown intelligent hygronom based on fuzzy control has good robustness,dynamic and widely application value.

In order to solve the complexity and limitations of the traditional greenhouse environment monitoring,and real-time and accurate capture of greenhouse environmental factors.this paper put forward a design of wireless sensor network nodes.The node with MSP430 microcontroller of low power consumption as the core,peripheral modules using a variety of work mode adopted the chip NRF2401 and DS1820 digital temperature sensor,detected and captured the greenhouse environmental factors.Experiments showed the node sampled and processed accurately data,the research provides a good platform for wireless sensor network protocol of greenhouse environmental monitoring.

研究中华绒螯蟹幼蟹对饲料中维生素B2的适宜需求量.试验以酪蛋白为蛋白源,配制了维生素B2含量分别为0、3、6、12、24、48和96 mg/kg的7种等氮等能的半精制饲料,在静水系统中投喂体重为(1.32±0.11)g的中华绒螯蟹幼蟹10周.结果表明,饲料中添加不同水平的维生素B2对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹的存活率、饲料系数、蛋白质效率及体水分、灰分和粗蛋白含量均没有显著影响,但是随着维生素B2含量的升高,幼蟹的增重率呈现先升高后降低的趋势,当饲料中维生素B2添加量达到12 mg/kg时,其增重率达到最高(201.15%),显著高于0、3、48和96 mg/kg试验组的151.97%、151.39%、155.83%和141.19%.幼蟹体内粗脂肪含量的变化趋势与增重率的变化趋势相反,当维生素B2水平达到12 mg/kg时达到最低.另外,饲料中维生素B2含量的变化并不能显著影响幼蟹肝胰腺中维生素B2积累量,但饲料中缺乏维生素B2会显著抑制中华绒螯蟹幼蟹肝胰腺中D-氨基酸氧化酶的活力.根据中华绒螯蟹幼蟹增重率和肝胰腺中D-氨基酸氧化酶的活力,利用折线回归方法计算得出中华绒螯蟹幼蟹对饲料中维生素B2的适宜需求量为8.25～10.02 mg/kg.

In this research, a reliable DNA extraction from different variety of Amorphophallus xiei was developed for RAPD analysis.The results revealed that the high quality DNA was extracted by the modified CTAB method and 8 random primers were used to identify the variety.The way of leaf dividing, the number of bulb and the strips of leafstalk in 9 varieties were analyzed.The results showed the Nei's similarity of coefficients were in the range of 0.440～0.800, the average Nei's similarity of coefficient was 0.714, the maximal similarity of coefficient was 0.008 between clone 1 and clone 8, the minimal Nei's similarity of coefficent was 0.440 between clone 1 and clone 3.These 9 varieties were clustered into 3 groups by UP-MGA analysis.The strips of leafstalk were suggested to be the main index for selected variety in Amorphophallus xiei.

Chalcone isomerase is a key enzyme in flavone biosynthesis regulation of Erigeron breviscapus(vant) Hand Mazz.Isolation and cloning of functional genes concerning flavone biosynthesis is crucial for using gene transfer to regulate flavone metabolism in Erigeron bre-viscapus.In this paper,the chalcone isomerase gene(CHI) was cloned from Erigeron bre-viscapus via RT-PCR and RACE(rapid amplification of cDNA ends).The full-length cDNA of chalcone isomerase gene is 996 bp(GenBank Accession No.GU208823),containing a 594 bp open reading frame(ORF),encoding a 197 amino acid protein,and having a polyadenylation signal in its 3' untranslated region.The deduced protein molecular weight of CHI was 21.6 kD and its theoretical isoelectric point was 4.78.The CHI protein did not have trans-membrane domain and was hydrophilic.Its secondary structures were predominantly constructed by α-helic and random coils were the main component.The 3D model structure of the deduced Erigeron breviscapus protein was constructed similar to the CHI protein structure from Medicago sativa.According to variation characteristics in the N-end of CHI,we supposed that the special synthesis of breviscapine(scutellarin-7-O-glucuronide and apigenin-7-O-glucuronide) in Erigeron bre-viscapus may be concerned with the position of CHI in cell sub-structure and the assembled manner of enzymes in flavone biosynthesis.This research established the foundation for di-rectional change in flavone biosynthsis in Erigeron breviscapus(vant) Hand Mazz.

黄酮是生物体内具有重要功能的一类次生代谢产物,其含量与植物对环境的响应及功效都有明显的影响.本文就氮磷元素及光照、蔗糖浓度对黄酮代谢相关基因表达的影响进行了综述.

Essential hypertension(EH) is a common human disease believed to result from the interplay of multiple genetic and environmental determinants.Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.Identifying hypertension susceptibility genes will help understanding the pathophysiology of the disease and for hypertension prevention and control.In the present study,researchers have found that more than 100 genes were associated with EH,especially,endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS).The renin-angiotensin system(RAS) plays an important role in cardiovascular regulation.Recently,two new genes,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2) and angiotensin Ⅱ type 2 receptor gene(AT2R),had been found.Although the relationships between the polymorphisms of RAS genes and hypertension have been extensively studied,there are few reports on the association between the human ACE2 and AT2R gene and EH.The biological activity and mechanisms of eNOS,ACE2 and AT2R,respectively,have drawn considerable attention in this context,to assess the genes as risk factors for EH.

A mixing solution of the prepared acetylferrocene and S-benzyl-N-Dithiocarbazate in ethanol with 1∶1 mole ratio is kept on reflux in water bath.Then the goal compound S-benzyl-N,N'-(ferrocenyl-1-methyl-metylidene)-Dithiocarbazate(HLSB)is obtained.The structure of title amplex is characterized by IR spectra,UV spectra.A Schiff base compound with phenyl-and ester alkyl is synthesized.The compound consist of one-dimensional chain that is linked together by a kind of weak H-bonding(N1-H1B——S1A(-x+1,y+1/2,-z+1/2)).

Because of high variation of food availability in natural aquatic systems,fish may experience different degrees of starvation during their growth,especially overwinter period which may lead to variation in body weight,main biochemical composition of carcass and digestive enzyme activities in fish. The present experiment was designed to study the effects of starvation and subsequent re-feeding on body weight,main biochemical composition of muscle and serum,hepatic digestive enzyme activity in juvenile black seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli) cultured in indoor aquarium at water temperature 23-26 ℃ . The fish were divided into six groups, of which three groups were prepared for sampling during a different periods of starvation (0 d,3 d,5 d,10 d, 15 d and 20 d),and the others were prepared for sampling during a different period of re-feeding (3 d,5d,10d, 15 d) after 20 d starvation. Each treatment was assigned to triplicate aquariums. The results were as follows:1) body weight,condition factor,hepatosomatic index increased significantly during the starvation and all those were significantly differenct from those of initial experiment after starvation for 20 d. 2) The moisture content in muscle of black seabream increased slightly,while protein and ash content in muscle were significantly decreased during the starvation .The protein content decreased to 12.37% of dry body weight after 20-day-starvation,which was significantly different from that of initial experiment(P0.05). There was no difference in lipid content during the starvation (P0.05). The composition of muscle got back to normal after re-feeding for 10 d. The contents of protein and lipid in muscle after 15-day-re-feeding were higher than those in initial experiment. The statistical analysis showed that the black seabream juveniles use lipid firstly and then use protein as the chief energy source to maintain their life during starvation. 3)Total protein,glucose,triglyceride and cholesterol in serum decreased significantly during starvation and got back to normal level after 5-day- re-feeding except the glucose which got the highest after re-feeding for 3 days and then decreased gradually without significant difference (P0.05). 4)The activities of tryptase and lipase in liver increased during starvation,and almost twice the initial experiment after starvation for 20 days,and decreased during re-feeding. After the fish were were re-fed for 20 d,the activities of tryptase and lipase in liver were higher than that of initial experiment. The amylase activity in liver decreased during starvation and increased during re-feeding without obvious change.

Studying the morphogenesis of Dictyostelium discoideum development, we found that there were distinct differences between the wild cells KAX-3 and the mutant cells AK127( LagC gene was knockout). The mutant cells AK127 was blocked at loose aggregation stage for lacking gp150 during developmental stages. However, the wild cells KAX-3 completed the whole developmental stages successfully. Three isoenzymes were obtained from developing cells of Dictyostelium discoideum which included a wild type cells (KAX-3) and a mutant type cells Compared these isoenzymes by gel electrophoresis, we found that two different esterases appreared in AK127 while only one in KAX-3. Furthermore, the content of malate dehydro-genase (MDH) is more in AK127 than in KAX-3 at different developing stage. At 14h during development, the content of glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH) in AK127 is higher than in KAX-3; but at 16h GDH in AK127 is lower than in KAX-3. From the results, we learned that the pattern of some isoenzymes were changed between wild cells and mutant cells during development stage, indicating some changes in the expression of some genes. So it seemed that gp150 was an important factor in development.