In male C57BL/6 mice (8-12 weeks) and male Wistar rats (12 weeks), the effect of dibornol (2,6-diisobornyl-4-methylphenol) on the level of spontaneous DNA damage in cells of the bone marrow, liver, kidneys, and rectum of mice (series I) and genotoxic effects in rat testicular cells after administration of cytostatic drugs with different mechanisms of action (series II) were studied using the DNA comet assay. In series I, dibornol was intragastrically administered to mice once at doses of 200, 400, and 2000 mg/kg; in series II, dibornol was intragastrically administered to rats at a dose of 10 mg/kg for 5 days before and 5 days after the cytostatic treatment (methotrexate, doxorubicin). It was found that dibornol in all studied doses did not produce the genotoxic (carcinogenic) effect and reduced the level of spontaneous DNA damage in the bone marrow. After combined administration of cytostatic drugs (doxorubicin, methotrexate) and dibornol, the level of DNA breaks was reduced to 38.5 and 49% of the control, respectively.

The oxidation of a series of alkylphenols (alkyl is methyl and/or isobornyl) with chlorine dioxide using the VO(acac)2 as the catalyst was studied. In the presence of VO(acac)2, the selectivity to quinones increases and the yield of oxidative chlorination products decreases significantly.

The kinetics of the decay of phenoxy radicals In• 2,6-diisobornyl-4-methylphenol (DBP) and 2,6‑ditretbutyl-4-methylphenol (ionol) in toluene at 295 K is studied by ESR. The first-order effective rate constants of the decay of In• are determined: kef = 0.30 s–1 (I) and 8.4 × 10–3 s–1 for DBP and ionol, respectively. Using the density functional theory, the mechanism of the decay of In• is analyzed. It is found that the phenoxy radicals of DBP are dimerized with the formation of the p-C,O-dimer, while In• ionol predominantly forms the p,p-C,C-dimer. The dimers are in reversible equilibrium with phenoxy radicals, while the irreversible consumption of In• occurs in the reaction of their disproportionation. Based on the density functional theory (DFT) research and published data, it was found that the value kef = k/2K of DBP is higher due to the much higher disproportionation rate constant of In•, although the equilibrium constant K of the reversible dimerization of the phenoxy radicals of DBP is also higher than the equilibrium constant for In• ionol.

A final review of the results of studies of versatile biological activities (in vitro) of chiral metal complexes with benzylamine and ethylenediamine derivatives of terpenes is presented. The cytotoxic profiles of palladacycles containing a Pd–C bond and palladium and zinc chelate complexes were determined. For a number of compounds, the possible mechanisms of potential anticancer action were analyzed, such as modulation of mitochondrial functioning and effect on the parameters of glycolytic function of tumor cells. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of palladium complexes of different types and copper chelate complexes were investigated. A correlation between high antimicrobial activity and antioxidant properties was found for a number of copper complexes. The material is supplemented by an extended analysis of publications in relevant subjects.

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

We studied the effect of antioxidants dibornol (2,6-diisobornyl-4-methylphenol) and its derivative (4-hydroxymethyl-2,6-diisobornylphenol), members of the alkylated phenols group, on the redox potential of male germ cells and their morphological and functional state in the rat model of pathospermia. Pharmacological effect was observed in animals treated with dibornol. The studied compounds led to the normalization of the antioxidant-prooxidant balance. However, the value of this indicator against the background of treatment with dibornol derivative attested to a shift in the redox balance of cells towards reduction reactions.

Polylactide is one of the most environmentally friendly polymers to replace fossil-based materials. In this work we quantitatively evaluated the effectiveness of new photostabilizers in preventing the photodegradation of polylactide under UVC radiation by using the spectrometric criteria calculated from FTIR spectra. We have proposed a method including a treatment of the samples of polylactide mixed with the photostabilizers by the UV radiation with a wavelength of 254 nm for 4 hours followed by the calculation of the effectiveness of the photostabilizer based on the FTIR spectrometric data. The number of terminal hydroxyl groups increased during photodegradation due to the cleavage of ester bonds in the polymer, this caused the increase of the absorption at 3600-3100 cm(-1) in the FTIR spectra. Several photostabilizers of the terpenophenol class were studied, namely 4-methyl-2,6-diisobornylphenol, 2-isobornylphenol, 2-isobornyl-4-methylphenol and 2-isobornyl-6-mothyl phenol, as well as bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacate - the well-known hindered amine light stabilizer. The mass concentrations of these photostabilizers varied from 0.05 to 1.00%. The best protection effect from the UVC radiation in regard to polylactide was shown by 4-methyl-2,6-diisobornylphenol at the concentration of 0.05% by weight. Its photoprotective activity was almost 2 times higher than that of bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacate of the same concentration. The high photoprotecting activity of 4-methyl-2,6-di isobornylphenol was due to the increased stability of the phenoxy radical provided by bulky isobornyl substituents in the aromatic ring. In the opposite, the strong photosensitizing effect accelerat ing the photodegradation of polylactide was manifested by 1% concentrations of 2-isobornyl-4i-methylphenol and 2-isobornyl-6-methylphenol. In this case, the delocalization of the unpaired electron in the conjugation chain with the formation of many resonance forms contributed to the transfer of the radical to polylactide macromolecules. The protection of polylactide from UVC radiation opens up prospects for expanding the areas of application of polylactide, a polymer synthesized from renewable raw materials.

The reactions to ozone of the surface cells of leaves and needles of five introduced wood species of Sochi National Park in chronic 3-day exposure in total doses of up to 0.05 μL/L have been studied. In secretory structures of silvery or ashen leaves of Eucalyptus cinerea F. Muell. Ex. Benth, we observed noticeable changes in absorbance (fading) and autofluorescence in cells. Blue and silvery needles of Picea pungens Engelm species. cv. Sv, Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Manetti ex Carrière cv. Argentea, Pinus parviflora Siebold &Zucc. Glauca and leaves of Acacia dealbata Link. were not sensitive to ozone in the above-mentioned reactions. It was shown that the surface layers of the cuticle and cell wall of these plants included azulenes. These pigments are supposed to be primary targets for ozone, and their antioxidant properties determine low sensitivity to ozone.

Introduction. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common urological disorder in older men. It is characterized by the development of glandularstromal hyperplasia of the prostate with the formation of new glandular structures and subsequent symptoms from the lower urinary tract. It has now been established that the pathogenesis of this disease is multifactorial and one of the possible mechanisms for the development of BPH is oxidative stress. Purpose. Study of the effect of phenols with a bulky isobornyl substituent (2,6-diisobornyl-4-methylphenol and 4-hydroxymethyl-2,6-diisobornylphenol)on the growth of experimental BPH and the antioxidant balance of prostate cells in comparison with Prostamol Uno. Materials and мethods. Experiments were carried out on 50 male Wistar rats. BPH was caused by daily administration of sulpiride (60 days) to male rats of late reproductive age. After 2 months, the animals were weighed and sacrificed in a CO2 chamber. The mass, mass coefficient, volume of the lateral lobe of the pancreas were determined, morphological analysis was performed. Investigated prooxidant and antioxidant activity. The results were processed by the method of variation statistics using the Mann-Whitney nonparametric U test. Results. The efficacy of the investigated drugs in BPH decreased in the following sequence: sulpiride + substance 4-hydroxymethyl-2,6-diisobornylphenol (HDB) → sulpiride + substance Dibornol (DB) → sulpiride + Prostamol Uno (PU). When comparing the results of evaluating the anti-prooxidant status with the therapeutic effect of the studied drugs, it was found that isobornylphenols, which are highly effective as prostatotropic drugs, did not show a more significant effect, compared to PU, on the redox potential of prostatic tissue cells. Conclusions. Drugs DB, HDB, PU have a normalizing effect on the level of severity of redox reactions in the sulpiride model of BPH.

Abstract—Spectrophotometry, spectrofluorimetry, IR spectroscopy, quasi-dark-field and fluorescence microscopy were used to investigate the conditions for penetration of the heterocyclic antitumor antibiotic actinomycin D (AMD) and its fluorescent derivative 7-amino-actinomycin D (7AAMD) into T cells (thymocytes) from the thymus of young rats. It has been shown that AMD and 7AAMD penetrate poorly into thymocytes. Therefore, when used as medicines, they do not suppress the cellular immunity necessary for cancer prevention. The penetration of AMD and 7AAMD into thymocytes increases with increasing concentration of the antibiotic and increasing duration of cell incubation at 37°C. Upon the addition of NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), AMP (adenosine monophosphate), GMF (guanosine monophosphate) or caffeine (nucleotide analogues capable of forming nanocomplexes with an antibiotic), the occurrence of AMD and 7AAMD in thymocytes significantly increases. Therefore, cancer therapy with actinomycin antibiotics cannot be performed at high concentrations of these substances. On the other hand, the data on the increased occurrence of the antibiotic in the presence of nucleotide analogues suggest that the therapeutic concentration of the antibiotic can be reduced in their presence. These data can be used to treat lymphomas, leukemia, and other oncologic diseases. In this case, it will be useful to use NAD and other nucleotide analogues. The percentage of killed cells determined by trypan blue staining increases, especially when using NAD.

A series of asymmetric disulfides was obtained in yields of 38–50% by the co-oxidation of a mixture of diterpene abietane-derived thiols and thiols synthesized from protected monosaccharides with galacto-, fructo-, and glucopyranose and ribofuranose fragments. After removal of the acetyl protection in the disulfide containing 1,2,3,4-tetra- O -acetyl-β-D-glucopyranose and dehydroabietane moieties, a disulfide with free glucose hydroxyl groups was obtained in a yield of 94%.

Alkylation by polyprenols of o- and p-cresols in the presence of equimolar amounts of the corresponding aluminum cresolates occurred regioselectively to form o-alkyl products regardless of the ratio of starting reagents. Production of 2,6-dipolyprenyl-4-methylphenol was favored if an excess of polyprenols was used with aluminum p-cresolate. A significant amount of polyprenol polymerization products was obtained under the studied reaction conditions.