With the consideration of the environmental conditions of the development of prefabricated buildings in China,the method for assessing the applicability of the existing standards regarding fabricated buildings was studied. The evaluation was based on three aspects, i.e., the standard's self-effectiveness,the matching degree among different standard terms and the supporting degree of the standard content. Through establishing an evaluation index system,the Improved Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method based on the transfer entropy and the distance matrix model was applied to obtain the evaluation results. "Code for construction of concrete structures" GB 50666-2011 and "Code for acceptance of constructional quality of concrete structures" GB 50204-2015 were selected for empirical evaluation. The effectiveness of the assessment method was validated according to the knowledge of fifteen experts. The applicability assessment of the standard provides a basis for the establishment of standard systems for prefabricated buildings,and also sets a certain basis and guidance for the revision of the existing standards.

住房和城乡建设部于2016年12月2日发布第1380号公告,批准《建筑信息模型应用统一标准》(文中简称《标准》)为国家标准,编号为GB/T51212-2016,自2017年7月1日起实施. 《标准》是根据住房和城乡建设部《关于印发〈2012年工程建设标准规范制订修订计划〉的通知》(建标 〔2012〕5号)的要求,由中国建筑科学研究院会同有关单位编制而成.由毛志兵、王丹等10位行业专家组成的标准审查委员会认为,《标准》充分考虑了我国国情和工程建设行业现阶段特点,创新性地提出了我国建筑信息模型(BIM)应用的一种实践方法(P-BIM),内容科学合理,具有基础性和开创性,对促进我国建筑信息模型应用和发展具有重要指导作用.

一、编制背景 2011年,住房和城乡建设部在《2011-2015年建筑业信息化发展纲要》中明确提出,在"十二五"期间加快建筑信息模型(BIM)、基于网络的协同工作等新技术在工程中的应用,并特别要求"完善建筑业行业与企业信息化标准体系和相关的信息化标准". 我国已在2010年将BIM的国际标准之一ISO/PAS 16739:2005《Industry Foundation Classes, Release 2x, Platform Spec-ification (IFC2x Platform)》等同采用为国家标准GB/T 25507-2010《工业基础类平台规范》.但我国的BIM应用工程建设标准仍属空白,无法为我国建筑工程建设各阶段BIM技术的应用实践及发展提供技术指导和规范.

1、编制工作概况 我国既有建筑量大面广,且存在资源消耗水平高、环境负面影响大、室内环境差等较多问题,亟待改造更新.为了引导既有建筑绿色改造,住房和城乡建设部下达《2013年工程建设标准规范制订修订计划》(建标[2013]6号),由中国建筑科学研究院、住房和城乡建设部科技发展促进中心会同13家参编单位组成标准编制组,开展国家标准《既有建筑绿色改造评价标准》(现更名为《既有建筑绿色改造评价标准》,以下简称"《标准》")的编制研究工作.

本文系统总结了我国绿色建筑标准发展的历程和现状,包括国家《绿色建筑行动方案》对标准体系要求的完成情况.提炼了绿色建筑标准中全生命期、四节一环保、健康适用高效、与自然和谐共生的技术理念,以及60项主要技术内容.结合国家的标准化工作改革和“十三五”规划等新形势,用态势分析法分析了我国绿色建筑标准发展的机遇和挑战.最后展望了绿色建筑标准未来将发挥的作用.

The term of Building Information Modelling (BIM) has become ubiquitous in construction industry of China. The purpose of this study is to investigate implementation of BIM in construction industry in China, including the BIM strategy, the BIM standards, and the projects that utilized BIM and so on. The methodology for this paper is based on a literature review of the strategy, the standards in relation to BIM and a detailed case study of 30 BIM implementation projects in construction industry in China. A range of key factors that affected the BIM implementation and the initiatives to accelerate the BIM development in China were found in this paper, such as the BIM standards system, the BIM commercial model, BIM contribution to sustainability and so on. From the research findings, some conclusions and recommendations were drawn to explore effective ways to promote the BIM implementation in China.

There are 17 green building standards (including those under development) at country level and another 50 or more at provincial level in China. Based on background and status overview of green building standards, problems are analyzed. It is followed by a systemic scheme for green building standard system, which includes 3 layers of basic, general and specialized standards, and its development planning as well. Some suggestions are proposed for green building standards development in this paper.

1、标准修订工作概况<br>　　原国家标准《绿色建筑评价标准》GB/T50378-2006是我国第一部绿色建筑综合评价标准，明确了绿色建筑的定义、评价指标和评价方法，确立了我国以“四节一环保”为核心内容的绿色建筑发展理念和评价体系。自2006年发布实施以来，已经成为我国各级、各类绿色建筑标准研究和编制的重要基础，有效指导了我国绿色建筑实践工作。“十二五”以来，我国绿色建筑快速发展。随着绿色建筑各项工作的逐步推进，绿色建筑的内涵和外延不断丰富，各行业、各类别建筑践行绿色理念的需求不断提出，2006年制定的这一标准现已不能完全适应现阶段绿色建筑实践及评价工作的需要。

配置约束箍筋对保证框架柱抗震性能具有重要作用.通过算例计算分析,综合对比了中国、美国、新西兰、欧洲的混凝土结构设计规范体积配箍率及相关构造措施规定,对中国规范相关内容提出了修改建议.

从背景情况、执行实施、技术支持等角度介绍了英国在既有建筑绿色改造方面的政策制度,主要包括能效标识、绿色方案和能源公司责任,并将其与我国情况进行了对比分析,作为我国相关工作的参考.

Based on the provisions of Copyright Law and other regulations as well as suggestions from relevant departments, this paper comprehensively analyzes and expounds the copyright of construction standards and the ownership, and presents the suggestions for the copyright ownership issues.

对城镇供热的15部现行工程建设标准进行梳理筛选,汇总得到其中强制性条文.通过按设计、施工与验收、运行维护等划分工程建设阶段,按热源与热力站、供热管网等划分其适用对象,合并或重组技术要求相同的条文,删除“必须”等严格程度用词,补充个别条文主语,省略一些具体内容,形成城镇供热工程建设标准强制性条文简编.对强制性条文的编写质量、覆盖面和集中程度进行了探讨.

2012年6月,中国BIM发展联盟、国家BIM标准编制组牵头的中国BIM标准研究工作在全国范围内启动,计划利用一年的时间,基本完成BIM标准编制前的基础性工作,设立了相关课题“工程项目全生命期BIM标准技术研究”.北京理正软件股份有限公司是该课题的总体承担者,本文作者承担了部分子课题研究任务.在研发实践中出现的问题是:很多项目参与者对BIM的一些本质问题认识不清,抓不住影响总体效果的关键因素,因而影响软件研发进程和质量.笔者认为这从某种程度上讲是由于缺乏量化理论指导造成的.量化描述实际上是从工程全生命周期的海量信息中挖掘关键信息素的过程.而函数是一种最能将实际问题进行有效抽象、量化描述的经典数学手段.基于此,我们在深入分析BIM体系架构中关键影响因素的基础上,提出了一种能够描述BIM实施能效的量化表达方法,即BIM能效函数.现已将方法应用到北京理正软件股份有限公司正在研发的中国BIM标准研究项目中,收效良好.

The evaluation system for domestic green building and Green Construction is gradually established,however,the relevant research is limited.By comparing the British BREEAM and domestic evaluation standard of green construction,the article obtains the similarities and the differences between the BREEAM and domestic standard about evaluation method and elements,and puts forward the viewpoint of evaluation standard of domestic green construction.

<正>本文介绍了国家标准《绿色建筑评价标准》GB/T50378的修订背景、前期研究和工作进展,重点介绍了《绿色建筑评价标准》修订送审稿所考虑的标准定位与原则、评价方法、篇章结构、评价指标、评价条文单元等关键技术点,介绍了下一步工作。一、背景国家标准《绿色建筑评价标准》(GB/T50378-2006)是总