Macrophages (Mφs) are master regulators of the immune response and may serve as therapeutic targets in aging societies. This study aimed to determine the function of M1Mφ-exosomes (Exos) in the development of osteoporosis (OP) and the involvement of microRNA (miR)-98 and dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1). A murine model of OP was established using ovariectomies (OVX). Bone loss was observed in OVX-treated mice, as manifested by reduced bone mineral density and decreased number of bone trabecula. The bone loss was further aggravated by treatment with M1Mφ-Exos. Exos also suppressed osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. miRNA microarray analysis revealed that the miR-98 level was notably upregulated in cells after Exo treatment, and DUSP1 was confirmed as a target of miR-98. Meanwhile, downregulation of miR-98 or upregulation of DUSP1 restored the osteogenic differentiation ability of MC3T3-E1 cells. In addition, upregulation of DUSP1 reduced bone loss in murine bone tissues and suppressed JNK phosphorylation. In summary, M1Mφ-derived exosomal miR-98 exacerbates bone loss and OP by downregulating DUSP1 and activating the JNK signaling pathway. miR-98 may therefore serve as a therapeutic target in OP management.

目的 对Web of Science数据库(WoS数据库)核心合集中以痛风为主题进行文献计量分析,探索近10年该领域的研究现状及热点.方法 运用WoS数据库核心合集中子库SCI-EXPANDED(SCIE)为研究对象,根据引文分析法统计2010—2019年间以痛风为主题相关文献,分析WoS数据库核心合集收录痛风领域研究文献状况,包括文献发表出版年、机构、来源出版物、国家地区、研究方向及作者、基金资助等分布.结果 通过WoS数据库观察到痛风领域近10年间国内外发表论文共6969篇,相关文献发表在104个国家(地区)1387种期刊上,共21521位作者.发表文献作者多为大学科研机构研究人员,风湿病学科文献数占41.9％居首位,全球文献主要由国家级基金或世界百强生物药企提供基金资助.近10年我国痛风领域发文量快速迅猛增长,位居世界第二位,但是被引频次、篇被引频次和h指数并不高.结论 痛风已成为多学科关注及研究重要领域,特别是风湿病学科,中国作者在痛风领域发文量快速迅猛增长,但在研究深度和引用频次方面存在一定距离,尚有较大提高空间.

Pharmacotherapy for hypercalcemia, which is mainly caused by osteoporosis, is an effective method to regulate the in vivo calcium equilibrium. From this perspective, the development of a minimally invasive gelling system for the prolonged local delivery of bisphosphonates has practical significance in the clinical therapy of bone osteoporosis. Here, a biocompatible and injectable hydrogel based on a uniform tetra-PEG network carrying a PEG-modified alendronate (ALN) prodrug for the localized elution and long-term sustained release of anti-osteoporotic small molecule drugs is reported. The obtained ALN-based tetra-PEG hydrogels exhibit rapid gel formation and excellent injectability, thereby allowing for the easy injection and consequent adaptation of hydrogels into the bone defects with irregular shapes, which promotes the ALN-based tetra-PEG hydrogels with depot formulation capacity for governing the on-demand release of ALN drugs and local reinforcement of bone osteoporosis at the implantation sites of animals. The findings imply that these injectable hydrogels mediate the optimized release of therapeutic cargoes and effectively promote in situ bone regeneration via minimally invasive procedures, which is effective for clinical osteoporosis therapy.

背景:在全球迈向老年化社会的今天,骨质疏松已成为威胁人类健康、严重影响老年人生活质量的主要疾病之一,骨质疏松症也是医学研究热点之一.目的:初步分析骨质疏松症的研究现状及最新进展,为该领域预防、临床和科学研究提供一定参考.方法:采用Web of Science数据库(简称WoS数据库)核心合集中子库SCI-EXPANDED(SCIE)为研究对象,根据引文分析法统计2009年至2018年近十年间以骨质疏松为主题相关文献,分析WoS数据库核心合集收录骨质疏松领域研究文献状况,包括文献发表出版年、机构、来源出版物、国家地区、研究方向、作者、基金资助等分布情况.结果:通过WoS数据库观察到骨质疏松领域近十年间国内外发表论文共40436篇,相关文献发表在117个国家的2946种期刊中,高产作者中英国的Cooper C发文量最多,与英国的Kanis JA及比利时的Boonen S为重要核心领军人物;科研机构均是大学研究机构,《国际骨质疏松杂志》、《骨与矿物研究杂志》、《骨骼》等业内期刊收录文献最多;研究方向中内分泌代谢与骨质疏松有相当密切关系;基金资助机构主要在国家基金机构或世界百强生物药企;高被引论文多发表在知名度很高的主流及顶尖期刊.结论:近十年我国骨质疏松类论文在该数据库发文量迅猛增长,位居第二位,但被引频次、篇均被引频次和h指数并不高,在论文研究深度与高产作者等方面还存在一定距离,说明总体研究实力还需进一步加强,有较大提升空间.

ABSTRACT Opportunistic screening for osteoporosis can be performed using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) imaging obtained for other clinical indications. In this study we explored the CT-derived bone mineral density (BMD) and prevalence of osteoporosis from thoracic LDCT in a large population cohort of Chinese men and women. A total of 69,095 adults (40,733 men and 28,362 women) received a thoracic LDCT scan for the purpose of lung cancer screening between 2018 and 2019, and data were obtained for analysis from the China Biobank Project, a prospective nationwide multicenter population study. Lumbar spine (L1–L2) trabecular volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) was derived from these scans using quantitative computed tomography (QCT) software and the American College of Radiology QCT diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis were applied. Geographic regional differences in the prevalence of osteoporosis were assessed and the age-standardized, population prevalence of osteoporosis in Chinese men and women was estimated from the 2010 China census. The prevalence of osteoporosis by QCT for the Chinese population aged >50 years was 29.0% for women and 13.5% for men, equating to 49.0 million and 22.8 million, respectively. In women, this rate is comparable to estimates from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), but in men, the prevalence is double. Prevalence varied geographically across China, with higher rates in the southwest and lower rates in the northeast. Trabecular vBMD decreased with age in both men and women. Women had higher peak trabecular vBMD (185.4 mg/cm3) than men (176.6 mg/cm3) at age 30 to 34 years, but older women had lower trabecular vBMD (62.4 mg/cm3) than men (92.1 mg/cm3) at age 80 years. We show that LDCT-based opportunistic screening could identify large numbers of patients with low lumbar vBMD, and that future cohort studies are now required to evaluate the clinical utility of such screening in terms of fracture prevention and supporting national health economic analyses. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR)..

Background: For fresh thoracolumbar burst fracture, a new method which can not only promote the fracture healing, but also retain the movement segment, and restore the spinal movement function to the maximum extent is needed. The purpose of this study is to determine the performance of stabilization of a semi-rigid stabilization system combined with transpedicular intracorporeal bone grafting for thoracolumbar burst fractures. Methods Six thoracolumbar cadaver spines were used for testing. A controlled L2 burst fracture was created. The L1-3 motions were determined. Results In extension, flexion and lateral bending, the semi-rigid fixator stabilized the segment to a range of motion(ROM) and neutral zone(NZ) below the magnitude of the intact spine, but showed increased ROM and NZ of axial rotation (P < 0.05) compared with the intact spine. Conclusions Restoration of stability with the semi-rigid dynamic system combined with transpedicular intracorporeal bone grafting is possible in flexion, extension, right and left lateral bending for thoracolumbar burst fracture but for axial rotation.

Background: Surgeons have been successfully handle with spinal tuberculosis via conservative or surgical treatment. However, There are quite few classifications or scoring systems concerning spinal tuberculosis to guide the surgeons to manage the complicated pattern of spinal tuberculosis. The purpose of this study is to design a practical, yet comprehensive, severity scoring system for spinal tuberculosis that helps in clinical decision-making in terms of the need for operative versus non-operative management.Methods: A group of 129 spinal tuberculosis cases (70 male and 59 female patients) successfully treated and followed up for at least 2 years were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical spine experts from our institutions were gathered to confirm the information they considered pivotal in the communication of spinal tuberculosis and the clinical decision-making process. Typical spinal tuberculosis patterns were reviewed and reconsidered in view of these essential characteristics. An initial validation process to determine the reliability and validity of this system was also undertaken. Results: A new severity scoring system was designed based on three essential characteristics: 1) the stability of spinal infectious segments determined by imaging appearance, 2) the cause of spinal cord compression and the severity of neurologic deficit, and 3) the efficacy of the anti-tuberculosis drug therapy. A severity score was calculated from these characteristics, which divided patients into surgical and nonsurgical treatment groups. Conclusions: The severity scoring system comprehensively considers features cited in the literature including prediction of spinal stability and kyphosis deformity progression, identification of neurologic compromise and characteristics of mechanical compression of spinal cord. This classification system is intended to facilitate clinical decision-making in the management of adult spinal tuberculosis (from C3 to L5 segments) . The severity scoring system may help to improve the communication among spine surgeons. Further studies are needed to determine the reliability and validity of this system.

Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) have been found to be critical in tumorigenesis; however, the role of CircRNAs in osteosarcoma is to be further studied. In this study, we preliminarily identified the up-expressed CircRNAs and its downstream microRNA in osteosarcoma and investigated its potential regulation mechanism. Hsa_circ_0086996 (Circ_0086996) was found to upregulated in tumor tissue compared to adjacent tissue. Circ_0086996 was significantly overexpressed in osteosarcoma tissue, as well as in osteosarcoma cell lines of SAOS2 and MG-63. Circ_0086996 knockdown significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Circ_0086996 knockdown also induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phaseand promoted cell apoptosis in SAOS2 and MG-63 cells. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that miR-125b-5p might be of complementary binding region with Circ_0086996, which was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, Circ_0086996 could reverse the effect of miR-125b-5p, as knockdown of Circ_0086996 or application of miR-125b-5p both can inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion and promote cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Our study discovers that Circ_0086996 acts as miR-125b-5p sponge to mediate the tumorigenicity, which could act as a potential biomarker for the osteosarcoma and provides a novel insight for the mechanism in osteosarcoma.

肌肉骨骼系统慢性疼痛是临床最常见的慢性疼痛.目前,国内外医师对慢性疼痛的认识、临床实践环境、镇痛药物种类/使用经验/了解程度、医保药品收录均有差异,故有效、规范化的慢性疼痛管理显得尤为必要.因此,亟待制定完善的、基于生物-心理-社会医学等因素的跨学科慢性疼痛管理共识,提高广大医务人员对慢性疼痛的认识与重视、规范指导慢性疼痛的管理,提高医疗质量、降低医疗成本,消除患者感觉、情感、认知和社会维度的痛苦体验,在治疗患者原发疾病的同时,改善患者的心理需求和社会功能需求.通过查阅文献,本共识专家组遵循循证医学原则,经过反复讨论和通信修改,对肌肉骨骼系统慢性疼痛管理达成共识,供广大骨科医师在临床工作中参考.

目的 探讨脊柱结核并发骨质疏松症的治疗策略及疗效.方法 选取2012年1月至2015年2月解放军第三○九医院收治的脊柱结核并发骨质疏松症患者,共102例,用分层随机抽样法分为两组:观察组(51例),对照组(51例),两组均根据病灶部位及病变程度个体化选择术式,行病灶清除、植骨、内固定术,术后抗结核药物治疗12～18个月,同时观察组接受钙剂、维生素D、双膦酸盐药物行抗骨质疏松治疗,对照组未使用抗骨质疏松药物治疗.对比观察组和对照组骨密度(BMD)、骨代谢指标、疼痛视觉评分(VSA)、病灶愈合情况、内植入物情况等.结果 随访3年,末次随访观察组股骨颈(Neck)、Ward三角区(Ward)、股骨大转子(Troch)骨密度分别为(0.88±0.15)g/cm2、(0.73±0.11)g/cm2、(0.78±0.10)g/cm2,高于对照组(0.71±0.14)g/cm2、(0.59±0.13)g/cm2、(0.61±0.13)g/cm2,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为3.91、3.58、3.80,P值均<0.01).观察组末次随访血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、I型胶原交联C-末端肽(CTX)、骨钙素(OC)水平分别为(16.06±8.05)ng/mL、(0.22±0.08)ng/mL、(6.42±1.03)ng/mL,对照组末次随访血清ALP、CTX、OC水平分别为(18.10±8.55)ng/mL、(0.52±0.13)ng/mL、(7.43±1.52)ng/mL,两组间差异有统计学意义(t值分别为-6.54、-5.47、-3.47,P值均<0.01).至末次随访,观察组无内固定失效情况发生,对照组内固定螺钉断裂1例、松动3例、拔出2例;观察组术后局部后凸Cobb角为(10.93±6.38)°,对照组术后局部后凸Cobb角为(10.77±7.12)°,差异无统计学意义(t=0.37,P>0.05);观察组末次随访局部后凸Cobb角为(11.05±6.17)°,对照组后凸Cobb角为(14.08±8.24)°,差异有统计学意义(t=3.13,P<0.05);两组X线或CT检查提示全部植骨融合.结论 钙剂、骨化三醇、双膦酸盐药物等抗骨质疏松药物治疗改善脊柱结核并发骨质疏松患者的骨密度,降低骨转化率,提高手术内固定安全性与疗效.

[目的]总结经肋横突病灶清除植骨融合矫形内固定术治疗活动期胸椎结核伴后凸畸形的疗效.[方法]回顾分析2010年5月～2017年5月采用经肋横突病灶清除固定融合术治疗活动期胸椎结核伴后凸畸形患者.其中符合纳入标准的共76例,男性35例,女性41例;年龄21～74岁,平均(42.62±3.64)岁.胸椎节段性后凸角度为20°～76°.合并脊髓压迫症状者15例.[结果]76例患者均成功完成手术,术中胸膜撕裂5例,2例患者术后发生脑脊液漏,3例术后胸腔积液,经相应处理均未引发不良后果.76例患者随访18～72个月,2例窦道形成、3例切口浅表感染,均经换药等处理后愈合.1例术后18个月时连接棒断裂,行翻修术后治愈.所有患者末次随访时结核治愈,VAS评分较术前显著减小(P＜0.05).15例伴脊髓压迫症状者的ASIA分级由术前B级2例,C级3例,D级10,改进为末次随访时D级2,E级13例,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).末次随访时平均后凸Cobb角矫正率(68.36±6.12)％.至末次随访影像学显示所有患者植骨融合良好,结核无复发.后凸畸形矫正角度无明显丢失.术后3个月ESR和CRP均逐渐恢复正常,末次随访ESR和CRP与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).[结论]经肋横突入路病灶清除植骨融合矫形内固定术治疗3个节段以内的非跳跃性活动期胸椎结核伴后凸畸形,是一种创伤小、疗效满意的手术方式.

目的 探讨全脊柱内镜下治疗腰椎椎体后缘离断症(posterior ring apophysis separation,PRAS)的效果.方法 回顾性分析2014年12月至2017年12月于诊断为腰椎PRAS并行全脊柱内镜下手术治疗的31例临床资料,其中男24例,女7例;年龄12～41岁,平均(26.6±4.8)岁.其中L4～5椎间隙16例,L5～S1椎间隙15例;手术采用椎间孔入路21例,采用椎板间入路10例.利用疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)和腰椎活动度来评价临床效果并进行统计学比较.结果 本组手术时间50～150 min,平均90 min,所有的患者均无硬膜或者神经根损伤,1例术后症状缓解不佳,2周后给予椎间融合手术翻修.其余30例均进行了至少12个月的随访,患者腰部疼痛VAS评分由术前的(5.42±2.72)分下降至术后即刻的(2.78±1.21)分,术后3个月的(1.78±0.56)分,术后12个月的(1.56±0.36)分;腿部疼痛VAS评分由术前的(6.78±2.44)分下降到术后即刻的(0.78±0.32)分,术后3个月的(0.65±0.12)分,术后12个月的(0.71±0.45)分,术后各时间点评分与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).患者的腰椎活动度在手术前和手术后的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 全脊柱内镜下治疗腰椎PRAS能够明显缓解症状,并完整保留患者腰椎的活动度,中短期恢复良好.

Here we demonstrate a general approach to crafting a myriad of soluble octa-functionalized POSS derivatives by manipulating the sequential click reactions. After flexible modification with bio-functional groups, these uniform POSSs possess good biocompatibility, remarkable anticancer therapeutic effect and outstanding antibacterial activity in aqueous solutions. Notably, this 'one-pot' approach provides a simple strategy to produce customized POSS macromolecules, which may afford a novel platform for clear elucidation of more complex mechanisms and precise fabrication of high-performance biomaterials in various applications.

目的:研究腰椎退行性疾病患者首次行单节段腰椎手术后功能恢复的影响因素.方法:以北京市9家三级甲等医院收治的因腰椎退行性疾病首次行单节段椎管减压内固定手术的患者为研究对象,搜集人口学资料及诊疗、随访评定记录,获得病例资料共1152例.于术前、术后24周±7天分别用日本骨科学会(Japanese Orthopedic Association,JOA)腰椎评分量表评定腰椎功能,按照功能情况分为优、良、可、差;将年龄、性别、体质指数(BMI)、手术节段、术前功能、术前疼痛、是否进行一体化康复、有无术后并发症共8个因素纳入分析,使用有序多分类logistic回归分析的方法对腰椎退行性疾病术后患者功能恢复的影响因素进行分析.结果:经过有序多分类Logistic回归分析,进行围手术期骨科康复一体化治疗的患者术后24周时腰椎JOA评分显著优于接受现行骨科诊疗的患者,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05)(OR=1.589,95％ CI [0.193,0.733]);术后无并发症的患者术后24周时腰椎JOA评分显著优于术后发生并发症的患者,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05) (OR=2.300,95％ CI[0.112,1.555]).结论:围手术期骨科康复一体化治疗和是否发生术后并发症这两个因素是首次行腰椎管减压内固定术的患者功能预后的独立影响因素.采取骨科康复一体化模式、不伴发术后并发症的患者获得更良好的腰椎功能恢复.

目的 分析胸腰椎结核已行椎体强化术患者的临床特点,探讨其外科治疗方法 及疗效.方法 回顾性分析2015年3月至2017年4月期间解放军总医院第八医学中心收治的11例经骨水泥强化术后胸腰椎结核患者行外科手术治疗的临床资料,按照手术操作中是否取出骨水泥团块分组:经胸腰椎后路骨水泥团块取出十减压十植骨融合术5例(A组);经胸腰椎后路减压十植骨融合术6例(B组).根据MTB对药物的敏感程度行抗结核药物治疗18～24个月,观察手术前后患者红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及影像学检查等结果,采用疼痛视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)、美国脊柱损伤协会(ASIA)神经功能分级对两组患者进行评价,并且采用改良Barthel指数(MBI)评定患者日常生活能力等.结果 随访患者背部疼痛及肢体疼痛VAS不同程度改善,术后3个月ESR、CRP均降至正常范围.A组与B组组内术前ESR、CRP检测结果分别为(44.40±9.45) mm/1 h、(19.80±2.59) mg/L与(44.17±14.22) mm/1 h、(19.17±8.70) mg/L;术后3个月分别为(12.40±3.21) mm/1 h、(3.00±1.58) mg/L与(12.00±2.45) mm/1 h、(3.33±1.21) mg/L;末次随访分别为(12.00±2.65) mm/1 h、(2.80±0.84) mg/L与(12.17±3.31) mm/1 h、(3.00±0.89) mg/L,两组术后3个月与治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为7.170、12.382、5.461、4.417,P值均=0.000);术后3个月与末次随访比较,差异均无统计学意义(t值分别为-0.215、-0.250、0.101、-0.538,P值分别为0.835、0.809、0.922、0.602).X线摄影和CT扫描检查提示病椎愈合良好,末次随访ASIA神经功能完全恢复8例,部分恢复3例.两组患者治疗前后改良Barthel指数[治疗前分别为(39.21±11.73)分、(40.32±10.16)分;末次随访分别为(91.31±7.74)分、(89.45±8.52)分]差异均有统计学意义(t=8.290,9.076,P值均=0.000);治疗后组间差异无统计学意义(t=0.375,P＞0.05).结论 两组患者再次手术均取得了良好的治疗效果,对于胸腰椎结核已行椎体强化术的外科治疗宜采用个体化的治疗方案.

Objective The present study aimed to establish a bone mineral density (BMD) reference database in China and to investigate the prevalence of osteoporosis in Chinese adults aged 50 years and older using dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA). Method A total of 75 321 examineers over 25 years old who underwent health checkups in 7 health check centers between 2008 and 2018 were included. All centers used a GE Lunar‐DXA system to measure BMD of the lumbar spine (L1‐L4), femoral neck, and total femur. The same European Spine Phantom (ESP) was used for scanning 10 times at every center, a regression equation was generated, and BMD data were cross‐calibrated in each center. Peak BMD and standard deviation (SD) were identified according to 5‐year age groups, and T scores were calculated based on the peak BMD and SD. Osteoporosis was defined according to the World Health Organization criteria. The prevalence of osteoporosis was standardized based on 2010 national census data for the Chinese population. Result The mean BMD values decreased with age, were highest in North China, followed by Northeast China, East China, and Southwest China, respectively, and increased with body mass index. Males aged 20‐30 years and females aged 35‐40 years had peak BMD values. Peak BMD values of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total femur were 1.09 g/cm2, 0.97 g/cm2, and 0.97 g/cm2 in males, and 1.11 g/cm2, 0.84 g/cm2, and 0.88 g/cm2 in females, respectively. Among all scanned sites, the prevalence of osteoporosis was highest in the femoral neck in males (4.58%) and in the lumbar spine in females (23.38%). The age‐standardized prevalence of osteoporosis at any site was 6.46% in males and 29.13% in females aged 50 years and older. Based on the 2010 national census data, 10 879 115 males and 49 286 542 females currently have osteoporosis. Conclusion Mean BMD values varied according to geographic region, body mass index, age group, and sex in Chinese adults. The age‐standardized prevalence of osteoporosis was 6.46% in males and 29.13% in females aged 50 years and older.

A number of studies investigated the distribution of BMD values and the prevalence of osteoporosis in China, but their findings varied. Until now, a BMD reference database based on uniform measurements in a large-scale Chinese population has been lacking. A total of 75,321 Chinese adults aged 20 years and older were recruited from seven centers between 2008 and 2018. BMD values at the lumbar spine (L1 -L4 ), femoral neck, and total femur were measured by GE Lunar dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry systems. BMD values measured in each center were cross-calibrated by regression equations that were generated by scanning the same European spine phantom 10 times at every center. Cubic and multivariate linear regression were performed to assess associations between BMD values and demographic variables. Sex-specific prevalence of osteoporosis was age-standardized based on the year 2010 national census data for the Chinese population. The sex-specific BMD values at each site were negatively associated with age, positively associated with body mass index levels, and lower in the participants from southwest China than in those from other geographic regions after multivariate adjustment. Furthermore, BMD values at the femoral neck and total femur decreased with the year of BMD measurement. The peak BMD values at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total femur were 1.088 g/cm2 , 0.966 g/cm2 , and 0.973 g/cm2 , respectively, for men, and 1.114 g/cm2 , 0.843 g/cm2 , and 0.884 g/cm2 , respectively, for women. The age-standardized prevalence of osteoporosis at the spine or hip was 6.46% and 29.13% for men and women aged 50 years and older, respectively. Currently a total of 10.9 million men and 49.3 million women in China are estimated to have osteoporosis. In our national examination of BMD, we found that BMD values differed by demographic characteristics. We estimated the age-standardize prevalence of osteoporosis in China to be 6.46% and 29.13% respectively, for men and women aged 50 years and older.

目的 探讨Sauve-Kapandji手术治疗青壮年桡骨远端陈旧性骨折合并下尺桡关节脱位的临床疗效.方法 选取2008年1月至2014年1月采用Sauve-Kapandji手术治疗的7例桡骨远端陈旧性骨折合并下尺桡关节脱位的青壮年患者,并对其进行随访.观察指标包括腕关节疼痛程度、腕关节活动度、腕关节功能及影像学评价,腕关节功能评定采用Gartland-Werley腕关节功能评分.结果 7例患者均获得随访,随访时间18～70个月,平均(27.5±3.7)个月.术后切口均愈合良好,无感染等并发症.术前腕关节VAS疼痛评分为(4.8±1.7)分,术后末次随访VAS疼痛评分为(2.3±1.1)分,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).腕关节背伸活动度术前为(15.3±2.1)°,术后为(26.9±1.7)°;掌屈活动度术前为(18.5±2.7)°,术后为(45.1±3.2)°;前臂旋前活动度术前为(35.7±2.8)°,术后为(71.3±2.1)°;前臂旋后活动度术前为(16.5±2.5)°,术后为(41.3±3.5)°,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).影像学检查示尺骨远端的正性变异均矫正为无变异,下尺桡关节融合牢固,尺骨远端假关节内无新骨形成.Gartland-Werley腕关节功能评分方面,优3例,良3例,中1例,优良率达85.71％.结论 尺骨短缩、下尺桡关节融合术是治疗青壮年桡骨远端陈旧性骨折合并下尺桡关节脱位的一种安全、有效的方法.该手术既保留了腕关节的尺侧支撑,维持了下尺桡关节的稳定,又缓解了腕关节的疼痛并改善了前臂旋转功能.

Background Osteoporosis, obesity, and fatty liver are increasingly common chronic diseases that seriously threaten people's health. Low-dose chest computed tomography (LDCT) scan is frequently used for lung cancer screening in health screenings and checkups. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) enables the accurate measurement of volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), liver fat content, and abdominal fat area using the existing LDCT data without extra radiation. We initiated a new project, the China Health Big Data (China Biobank), which combines the LDCT scan images from lung cancer screening of participants in health checkup with QCT to investigate the added value of QCT to LDCT, in order to establish the normative reference database and diagnosis criteria for the three aforementioned conditions. Methods The China Biobank project is a prospective nationwide multicenter cohort study that will combine QCT technology with LDCT scans to measure bone mineral density (BMD), intra-abdominal fat distribution, and liver fat content of the generally healthy checkup participants. Mindways QCT calibration phantom (Mindways Software Inc., Austin, TX, USA) and analysis software QCT PRO v6.0 will be used for all centers. Before data collection begins, the European Spine Phantom (ESP) will be used for quality control analysis at each collaborating center. The inclusion criteria are a healthy checkup participant aged 30-90 years, with LDCT as a part of his/her health checkup protocol. Exclusion criteria are pregnant women or participants with a metal implant in the CT scan area. The LDCT images will be transferred to the Mindways workstation for analysis, and vBMD in the L1 and L2 vertebrae, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and liver fat content will be measured. As part of the health checkup, the demographic, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and a routine blood laboratory test will be collected. The estimated sample size will be about 30,000. Results The combination of QCT with LDCT of the chest was validated in this project. The vBMD of spine, visceral fat and liver fat can be measured with a LDCT chest scan. Conclusions The China Biobank project will assess the added value of QCT to LDCT, and enable accurate evaluation of the prevalence of osteoporosis, obesity, and fatty liver disease in a very large Chinese cohort.