针对小麦仓储过程中出现的品质劣变问题,以北方实仓储藏的硬质白小麦为研究对象,通过测定仓储过程中小麦的色差、水分、脂肪、脂肪酸、淀粉含量等指标反映品质劣变程度;采用低场核磁共振成像技术(low-field nuclear magnetic resonance,LF-NMR)和差示扫描量热法(differential scanning calorimetry,DSC)可视化检测小麦仓储过程中水分传递和淀粉转变现象,寻找仓储过程中小麦水分迁移变化规律以及直链淀粉、支链淀粉的转化关系,探索小麦淀粉糊化反应.结果表明,小麦在仓储过程中色泽逐渐变暗,脂肪酸含量增加,水分、脂肪和淀粉总量减少,LF-NMR和DSC检测结果表明长期仓储小麦受环境因子影响会使其结合水的含量升高,自由水含量下降,糊化温度降低.

In this paper, bamboo charcoal was successfully developed for the solid-phase extraction adsorbent for the determination of six organophosphorus pesticides in water samples. After the bamboo charcoal was pretreated and packed in the solid-phase extraction cartridge, the organophosphorus pesticides in water samples were carried out the solid-phase extraction. To establish a perfect solid-phase extraction procedure, the experimental conditions including the eluent, eluent volume, pH of the sample, flow rate of the sample, and loading volume of the sample were all investigated. When 100 mL water samples in the pH range of 6–7 were loaded with the flow rate of 2.5 mL · min−1 and then eluted with 10 mL acetonitrile, the proposed extraction method was validated by the recovery, correlation coefficient (R2), repeatability (RSD, n = 7) and LODs, which were 69.6–93.4%, 0.9982–0.9998, 2.9–5.6%, and 0.08–1.04 µg · L−1, respectively. Furthermore, the analysis of the tap, snow, and river water samples demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed SPE method for real water samples. Based on the aforementioned factors, it could be concluded that bamboo charcoal was a good solid-phase extraction adsorbent, and this proposed solid-phase extraction method was suitable for the effective enrichment and determination of the organophosphorus pesticides in water samples.

Objective:Study the preservation methods about the CHE,in order to get the best enzyme activity.Methods:Based wheat on the testing material,took cold storage,frozen and enzyme immobilization measures,adding different types and different proportions of preservatives,using the different packing material were investigated.Results:The result showed that the better effect of remain well enzyme solution of the enzyme activity was set for-20℃ temperature preservation,adding 0.1% thimerosal used plastic bottles packaging storage.Conclusion:The cold preservation CHE and adding regular doses of preservative could make cholinesterase enzyme very good maintenance.

Objective To investigate the adverse effect and its mechanism of β-cypermethrin(β-CP) on gonads in female immature mice. Methods Fourty specific pathogen-free immature mice were randomly divided into a negative group(treated with earhnut oil) and three β-CP exposure groups(0.1,1.0,10 mg/kg body weight).A daily subcutaneous exposure was conducted for 28 days.The time of vaginal open,estrous cycle,estrogen in serum,gonads(ovary and uterus) wet weight and coefficient,and the expression of estrogen receptor(ER) in endometrial were measured. Results Compared with the control group,the time of estrus shortened and the time of diestrus extended.The wet weight of uterus(0.109±0.011g) increased in the high dose group(P0.05),but the coefficient and the blotted weight of uterus,the level of estrogen in serum and the sum of gonadal in endometrial were not significantly different among the groups(P0.05 for all).In 1.0 and 10 mg/kg dose groups,the ratios of ER expression in endometrial was 56.00±3.32% and 29.00±5.58% and were lower than those of in the control group(P0.05). Conclusion β-CP has gonadal subchronic toxicity and endocrine disrupting effect and can induce the expression of ER in uterus in female mice.

Studied on preparation the fermented brown rice.Brown rice was fermented by brown rice as main materials,adding 150 % water,8 % honey,1 % salt and 1 % malt powder.Taking amylase activity as the criterion of test,we designed an orthogonal test containing four factors-culture medium's water addition,fermentation temperature,time and inoculation quantity,In this experiment,the optimum fermentation culture medium and condition,studied effect of fermentation conditions on amylase activity of brown rice.The α amylase activity obtained was 485 U/g per 10 g sample.The result showed that the culture medium's water addition of 150 %,inoculation quantity of 4 %,fermentation temperature of 30 ℃,time of four hours,the amylase activity was the strongest.

The effect of high voltage electrostatic field pretreatment of brown rice on biological ingredient of brown rice sprouts were studied.The results showed that electrostatic field pretreatment could increase the content of biological ingredient of brown rice sprouts including germination rate,α-amylase activity,reduced sugar and free amino acid during brown rice germination.Different processes conditions had different biological effect on different biological ingredient.The best effect was obtained when the intensity of electric field was 200kV/m and the processing time was about 10 minutes on the brown rice germinated.The results showed that there were bigger effect to biological ingredients content of brown rice after brown rice were pretreated with high-voltage electrostatic field.