In this study, we have explored the reasons for the poor efficiency of 3′-deoxyadenosine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The effects of cordycepin and methotrexate on osteoclastogenesis were evaluated using the culture system of rat whole bone marrow cells and immunofluorescence staining with Kat1, a novel cell-surface antigen specifically expressed on rat osteoclasts. The effect of cordycepin on osteoclast formation was evaluated by tartaric acid-resistant phosphatase staining of bone marrow cell culture lines (pre-osteoclast formation lines) in which mesenchymal cells were removed. In the bone marrow culture system for evaluating osteoclastogenesis, methotrexate-induced suppression of osteoclastogenesis was abrogated only by the addition of cordycepin. In the pre-osteoclast formation system, cordycepin (3′-deoxyadenosine) was found to have no significant effect on osteoclast formation. To sum up, cordycepin should be carefully used in some cases of rheumatoid arthritis treated with methotrexate and in the severe stages of rheumatoid arthritis.

目的 探讨近中阻生下颌第三磨牙(MTM)和第二磨牙远中牙槽骨丧失(MSMDBL)的相关关系.方法选取274例近中阻生MTM的CBCT资料,测量MTM与MSM牙长轴夹角、MTM近中釉牙骨质界至MSM远中釉牙骨质界距离(MTMMCEJ-MSMDCEJ)和MSMDBL,并统计年龄、性别,分析各因素对MSMDBL的影响及相关关系.结果 MTM与MSM牙长轴夹角与MSMDBL呈正相关关系,当角度大于22.5?时,MSMDBL明显加重;当MTMMCEJ-MSMDCEJ距离大于6mm,MSMDBL明显加重,在9～12mm时最严重.结论 可将近中阻生的MTM与MSM牙长轴夹角超过22.5.或者MTMMCEJ-MSMDCEJ超过6mm视为预防性拔除MTM的指导原则.

Background: Although costal cartilage has many uses and is a reliable source of cartilage for rhinoplasty procedures, donor-site complications may arise with conventional harvesting techniques. The present report reports a novel technique of harvesting costal cartilage using a specially designed scalpel and studies the use of the harvested cartilage in the reconstruction of secondary nasal deformities in patients with cleft lips. Methods: Ten patients (7 females and 3 males) with nasal deformities secondary to cleft lip underwent rhinoplasty using this new technique at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China, between May 2011 and December 2013. Clinical outcomes were evaluated with a follow-up period of 6 to 30 months. Results: The new technique successfully corrected primary nasal deformities, including flat nasal tip, short columella, flaring alae, and asymmetrical nostrils. Surgeons and patients assessed the outcome to be either good or satisfactory. Patients experienced transient discomfort at the wound site but there were no major complications (such as wound infection, dehiscence, exposure, graft extrusion, and pulmonary involvement). Conclusions: The novel technique can harvest a lateral segment of costal cartilage for use in the reconstruction of nasal deformities secondary to cleft lip in a one-stage procedure, with minimal donor-site morbidity.

ObjectiveInterleukin-17 (IL-17) is a pleiotropic cytokine which plays important role in the inflammatory diseases.MethodsPolymorphisms of IL-17A rs2275913 and IL17F rs763780 were measured in 125 RAU cases and 116 healthy controls. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length was measured. The genotype distribution and disease risk, and its’ relationship with RAU severity was analyzed.ResultsRAU risk were related with polymorphism of IL-17 gene at rs2275913 site after adjusting BMI, sex, age, smoking and drinking status (AA vs. GG: odds ratio (OR), 1.624; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.125–2.250; P = 0.030; A allele vs. G allele: OR, 1.192; P = 0.037; 95% CI, 1.012–1.404;). In addition, the rs763780 variant genotypes (TC and CC) and C allele also have higher relevance to RAU compared with subjects who bears the TT genotype (TC vs. TT, OR: 1.312; P = 0.039; 95% CI: 1.017–1.692; CC vs. TT, OR: 2.812, P = 0.006, 95% CI: 1.338-5.909; C allele Vs. T allele, OR:1.413, P=0.002, 95% CI:1.141-1.751). We also found serum IL-17 levels were greatly higher in RAU patients compared with controls (P = 0.001), and serum IL17 concentration is correlated with IL17 polymorphism.ConclusionOur research showed polymorphisms of IL-17 gene might related to the high-risk of RAU occurrence.

Objective Interleukin (IL)-17 is a multifunctional cytokine with important roles in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This case–control study explored the relationships of IL-17A rs2275913 and IL-17F rs763780 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU) morbidity and severity. Methods IL-17A rs2275913 and IL-17F rs763780 SNPs were measured in 125 patients with RAU and 116 healthy control participants. The genotype distributions, disease risks, and relationships with RAU severity were analyzed. Results RAU risk was associated with rs2275913 after adjustment for age, body mass index, sex, smoking status, and drinking status (AA vs. GG: odds ratio [OR], 2.759; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.381–5.512; A allele vs. G allele: OR, 1.783; 95% CI, 1.242–2.560). TC and CC genotypes in rs763780, and the corresponding C allele, demonstrated greater prevalence among patients with RAU, compared with the TT genotype (TC vs. TT, OR: 1.895; 95% CI: 1.088–3.301; CC vs. TT, OR: 4.080, 95% CI: 1.079–15.425; C allele vs. T allele, OR: 1.969, 95% CI: 1.257–3.083). Serum IL-17 concentrations were also higher in patients with RAU than in control participants. These concentrations were associated with IL-17 polymorphisms. Conclusions IL-17 polymorphisms might be associated with greater risk of RAU pathogenesis.

目的:观察解除下颌近中阻生智齿拔除术中解除邻牙阻力的手术效果.方法:纳入双侧下颌近中位阻生智齿拔除的患者90例(19～42岁),一侧为传统拔牙阻,另一侧为切割预设计组.在影像学和临床检查的基础上,设计并应用斜切法、全牙冠垂直切割法、纵行切割法、横切联合纵向切割法拔除近中阻生智齿.同一患者两次拔牙间隔2周.术后7d复诊或随访.结果:切割预设计组与传统拔牙组比较,手术时间大于60 min、张口度小于二横指的患者数少(P<0.05),患者对手术满意的例数多(P<0.05).结论:根据下颌近中阻生智齿的邻牙阻力不同,采用上述不同的切割拔牙法,可顺利完成下颌近中阻生智齿的拔除.

Objective To study the pathological classification,diagnosis and treatment on epithelial salivary gland tumors in children.Methods The pathological type,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis were analyzed in 26 cases of epithelial salivary gland tumors of children treated from 1983 to 2013 in our hospital.Results In the 26 cases of epithelial salivary gland tumors of children,19 cases (73.1％) were benign tumor and most of them were pleomorphic adenoma;7 cases (26.9％) were malignant tumor in which mucoepidermoid carcinoma were maximum.As most common site,14 cases were occurred at parotid,followed by minor salivary gland in palate.All patients were treated with surgery and received 3-year or more follow-up examination after the surgery.No benign tumor recurred and only one case malignant tumor was recurred.Conclusion Surgery is the best therapy for epithelial salivary gland tumors of children.Histology diagnosis should be obtained before operation.It is important to avoid relapse after operation and prevent the occurrence of complication.

BACKGROUND:Three-dimensional finite element has been widely used in the oral cavity field, but little is reported on the three-dimensional finite element reconstruction of the mandibular body using titanium plate. OBJECTIVE:To study the biomechanical characteristics of reconstructing the mandibular body using titanium plate. METHODS:We established a three-dimensional finite element model of mandibular body defect undergoing reconstruction using bicortical titanium screws and titanium plate. Under the simulated normal occlusion state, a 200 N vertical load was added to the central fossa of the occlusal surface of the right mandible first molar. Then, stress distribution and maximum displacement of the mandible, titanium screw, and titanium plate were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under the simulated normal occlusion state, mandible stress was concentrated in the mandibular body and mandibular branch, especial y in the anterior and posterior edges of the mandibular branch and the lower edge of the mandible. The stress in the posterior edge of the mandible was lower than that in the anterior edge of the mandible, and moreover, the contact site between the titanium plate and the mandible also presented a concentration of stress. The maximum stress of the bicortical titanium screws appeared near the screw cap, and the stress was also concentrated at the contact site between the titanium screw and the titanium plate. The maximum stress of the titanium screw at the ascending branch of the mandible was higher than that of the titanium screw at the anterior end of the defect. For the titanium plate, the stress was mainly concentrated at the fixed site of the titanium screws;the peak stress of the anterior and posterior edges of the titanium plate was found at the contact site between the anterior end of mandibular defect and the titanium stress as wel as between the ascending branch of the mandible and the titanium screw. After mandibular body reconstruction using the titanium plate, a displacement was likely to occur at the contact site between the anterior end of mandibular defect and the titanium plate. In conclusion, these findings indicate that mandibular body reconstruction using bicortical titanium screws and titanium plate is relatively stable, but the titanium plate fixed at the anterior part of the mandibular angle is prone to breakage.

Objective:To study the effects of deoxyadenosine(dAdo) on methotrexate (MTX) induced suppression of inflammatory bone destruction.Methods:The culture system of whole bone marrow cells (WBMCs) was utilized to evaluate osteoclastogenesis.TRAP staining and μCT analysis were utilized to evaluate osteoclastogenesis and bone destruction in adjuvant arthritis rats.Results:In the bone marrow culture system,MTX-induced suppression of osteoclastogenesis was abrogated by the addition of dAdo.dAdo canceled MTX-induced suppression of osteoclastogenesis in the rats with arthritis,and significantly abolished the therapeutic effects of MTX on inflammatory bone destruction in the rats.Conclusion:The accumulation of dAdo may be one cause of the losing effectiveness of MTX in bone destruction.

目的 探讨口腔颌面部木村病(Kimura disease,KD)的临床特点,诊断方法,鉴别诊断和治疗.方法 对在1997年至2013年间住院治疗的14例口腔颌面部KD患者的临床特点、诊断、治疗、预后进行分析及总结.结果 14例KD患者中,10例出现术前误诊,误诊率高达71.43％.9例手术加口服激素治疗,1例手术加术后放疗,2例放疗加口服激素治疗,2例单纯口服激素治疗.12例获得6个月到9年的随访,术后及放疗后患者未见复发.结论 KD临床容易误诊,外周血中嗜酸性粒细胞升高是重要的诊断依据.手术,放疗以及口服激素治疗对KD有一定疗效.

Objective To study the effect of sulforaphane(SFN)on expression of Bcl-2family in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line ACC-M,and to evaluate the effect of Bcl-2family on apoptosis of ACC-M cells induced by SFN.Methods After ACC-M cells were treated with 20 or 40μmol/L SFN for desired time,morphology changes of ACC-M cells were observed with inversion phase contrast microscope,Giemsa staining and transmission electron microscope(TEM).Flow cytometry with Annexin-V-FITC/propidium iodide double staining were used to detect the apoptosis rate of ACC-M.After ACC-M cells were treated with 40μmol/L SFN for 4,8,16 and 24hours,the expression of Bax,Bak,Bcl-2and Bcl-xL were detected by Western blot.Results Image data showed that SFN could induce apoptosis of ACC-M cells.Flow cytometry data showed that apoptosis rate was increased with time and concentration of SFN.There were significantly different among each groups(P0.05).Expression of proapoptosis protein Bax and Bak as well as ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were increased with treating time,whereas that of antiapoptosis protein Bcl-2and Bcl-xL were decreased by treatment with 40μmol/L SFN for 4,8,16 and 24h.There were significantly different among each groups(P0.05).Conclusion SFN could induce apoptosis of ACC-M cells with time-and concentration-dependent manners,and upregulate expressions of Bax and Bak,and down-regulate expressions of Bcl-2and Bcl-xL,which might be the mechanisms for the apoptosis of ACC-M induced by SFN.

The nasal deformity secondary to cleft lip of 1 0 patients was repaired with lateral segment of partial costal cartilage harvested by a self-made special knife.6 to 30-month follow-up showed that nasal alar morphology of all patients was improved.No any complications happened at donor site.

目的 体外研究Caspase-3,8,9在莱菔硫烷(Sulforaphane,SFN)诱导人腺样囊性癌细胞系ACC-M凋亡中的作用,探讨其可能的机制,为临床应用SFN治疗腺样囊性癌提供理论依据.方法 ACC-M细胞经40μmol/L SFN处理4,8,16,24h后,采用分光光度法分别检测Caspase-3,8,9的活性变化.ACC-M细胞采用50μmol/L的Caspase抑制剂Z-VAD-FMK预处理2h后,加入40μmol/LSFN,设阴性和阳性对照,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率情况.结果 SFN诱导涎腺腺样囊性癌ACC-M凋亡过程中,Caspase-3,8,9的活性均在4小时时即出现增高,并持续到24小时,且在16小时时活性最高,各时间组与对照组相比均有统计学差异.50μmol/L Caspase抑制剂Z-VAD-FMK预处理细胞2小时,能显著抑制SFN诱导的ACC-M细胞凋亡.结论 SFN在诱导ACC-M细胞凋亡过程中,引起Caspase-3,8,9活性升高,Caspase在SFN诱导ACC-M细胞凋亡中起重要作用.

目的：探讨甲氨蝶呤治疗类风湿关节炎效果不良的机制。方法在大鼠的全骨髓细胞的培养体系中，利用破骨细胞特异性抗体Kat1免疫染色来评价破骨细胞形成。在佐剂引导的关节炎动物试验模型中，利用免疫荧光染色来评价甲氨蝶呤对腺苷脱氨酶水平的影响。结果全骨髓细胞培养系中，脱氧腺苷废除了甲氨蝶呤对破骨细胞形成的抑制作用。在佐剂引导的关节炎动物试验模型中，甲氨蝶呤抑制了腺苷脱氨酶水平的表达。结论在类风湿关节炎的治疗过程中，腺苷脱氨酶的表达抑制可能导致甲氨蝶呤疗效不良的原因之一。

Objective To investigate the effects of evodiamine on the invasive behaviors of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma ACC-M cells.Methods ACC-M cells were treated with evodiamine at 0,0.01,0.1,1,10,100μg/ml for 2h,4h, 6h,8h,10h,respectively,then transwell invasion assay was used to examine the inhibition invasion condition of ACC -M cells. Results As compared with that in control group ,the number of the cell though the upper chamber in the evodiamine -treatment group was decreased.The cells'number showed a gradual decreasing trend with concentration increasing and time prolonging . The invasion inhibition rate was increased with the increasing of drug concentration and action time .The highest invasion inhibition rate was 59.99%.There was a significant difference in number of the cell though the upper chamber among different concentration groups ( P <0.05).Conclusion Evodiamine is able to inhibit the invasion of ACC -M cells.

目的 体外研究舒尼替尼对头颈鳞癌细胞系PCI-13增殖和凋亡的影响,并观察STAT1、STAT3在凋亡过程中的变化,探讨STAT3通路在舒尼替尼诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡中的作用.方法 体外培养PCI-13细胞,用不同浓度的舒尼替尼处理24、48、72 h后,应用MTT比色实验,倒置显微镜、Wright-Giemsa染色、流式细胞术检测和观察PCI-13的生长抑制率和凋亡情况.细胞经血清饥饿后,分别用0、1、2、4 μmol/L的舒尼替尼处理2、8、16和24h,采用流式细胞术检测p-STAT1和3的表达,并设阴性和阳性对照组.结果 舒尼替尼可明显抑制PCI-13细胞的增殖,其最高抑制率可达92％,各浓度用药组不同处理时间之间生长抑制率有显著差异(P＜0.05),抑制率呈时间-浓度依赖性.同时舒尼替尼可诱导PCI-13细胞凋亡,凋亡率随处理时间延长和药物浓度增加而上升(P＜0.05).舒尼替尼不影响p-STAT1的表达(P＞0.05),但是可以显著抑制p-STAT3的表达,这种抑制存在浓度依赖性(P＜0.05).结论 舒尼替尼不但能够抑制PCI-13细胞增殖,诱导其凋亡,而且能够抑制PCI-13细胞中STAT3的磷酸化水平,减少其激活.提示舒尼替尼诱导PCI-13细胞凋亡可能由STAT/JAK途径介导.

Objective:To study the effects of sulforaphane(SFN)on the proliferation and apoptosis of salivary adenoid cystic carci-noma ACC-Mcells in vitro.Methods:ACC-Mcells were treated with SFN at the doses(μmol/L)of 5,10,20,30,40,60,80 and 100 for 24,48 and 72 hours,respectively.The growth inhibition was examined with MTT assay and typan blue exclusion assay.Morpholo-gy of ACC-M cells was observed with phase contrast microscope,giemsa staining and transmission electron microscope.Flow cytome-try with Annexin-V-FITC/PI double staining was used to detect the apoptosis of ACC-M cells.Results:SFN inhibited the prolifera-tion of ACC-Mcells,the IC50 values(μmol/L)after 24,48 and 72 h treatment were 75.6,21.3 and 16.5 respectively.The highest inhibition rate was 89.2%.The growth inhibition rate of SFN on ACC-Mcells was positively correlated with concentrations of SFN and treatment time.SFN induced the apoptosis of ACC-Mcells in a dose and time dependent manner(P<0.01).Conclusion:SFN can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma ACC-M cells time and dose-dependently.

Objective:To study the mechanism of the effectiveness loss of methotrexate(MTX)in the treatment of rheumatoid arthri-tis.Methods:The culture system of rat whole bone marrow cells(WBMCs)and tartrateresistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)staining were utilized to evaluate osteoclastogenesis.The mRNA expression of osteoclastogenesis factors in the WBMCs culture system was examined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.Results:Deoxyadenosine(dAdo)decreased MTX-induced suppression of osteoclastogenesis.The recov-ery effect of dAdo on MTX was partially prevented by caffeine.MTX significantly reduced mRNA expression of receptor activator of nu-clear factor kappa-B ligand(RANKL),dAdo partially recovered RANKL mRNA expression and inhibited osteoprotegerin(OPG)expres-sion.Conclusion:The accumulation of dAdo may induce the effectiveness loss of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis treatment.Com-bination of MTX and caffeine can be a potential therapeutic strategy.

肋软骨供源丰富,有较好的强度和柔韧度、容易塑形等诸多优点[1],是临床上常用的鼻畸形整复材料之一.传统的肋软骨切取方法是将整块肋软骨切取、塑形,再进行移植,因此延长了手术时间,而且还有胸膜穿孔、气胸等并发症的潜在风险.近来,我们研制了一种部分肋软骨切取器,应用其仅切取肋软骨外侧部分肋软骨用于整复唇裂术后鼻畸形,简化了手术过程,缩短了手术时间,减少了供区术后并发症.

Objective: To study the effect of sulforaphane( SFN) on the expression of phosphorylating-signal transducer and activator of transcription1 and 3( STAT1,STAT3) in head and neck cancer cell line PCI-13 and explore the role of STAT / JAK pathway in the antitumor activity of SFN. Methods: PCI-13 cells were treated with 10,20 and 40μmol/L of SFN for 3,6,12 and 24 h respectively after 48 h sera starving in vitro. For IL-6 induced activation of STAT3,after treated with 20 and 40μmol/L SFN for 24 h,PCI-13 cells were treated with 50 ng / ml of IL-6 for 15 min. Negative and positive controls were set. Then phosphorylated-STAT1 and 3 expression in the cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results: There was no influence of SFN on the expression of p-STAT1. SFN could significantly inhibit the expression of p-STAT3 in a concentration-and time-dependence manner,and could counteract the effect of IL-6 in promotion of STAT3 expression. Conclusion: SFN may inhibit the phosphorylation level of STAT3,and decrease the IL-6-induced activation of STAT3,suggesting that apoptosis of PCI-13 cells induced by SFN might be mediated by STAT / JAK pathway.