Background:Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease, are mainly characterized by progressive motor, sensory, or cognitive dysfunction in patients. Such diseases mostly occur in middle-aged and elderly people, and there is no effective cure. Studies have shown that neurodegenerative diseases are accompanied by neuroinflammation. The proinflammatory mediators produced neuroinflammation further damage neurons and aggravate the process of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, inhibiting neuroinflammation might be an effective way to alleviate neurodegenerative diseases. Pomiferin extracted from the fruit of the orange mulberry has a wide range of antioxidation and anti-inflammatory effects in peripheral tissues. However, it is not clear whether it plays a role on neuroinflammation.Methods:In our experiment, we studied the effect of Pomiferin on BV2 cell inflammation and its mechanism with cck-8, LDH, quantitative PCR, and ELISA and methods. We then investigated the effect of Pomiferin on the classical inflammatory pathway by Western blot methods.Results:The results showed that Pomiferin inhibited the production of ROS, NO, and proinflammatory mediators (IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS, and COX2) in BV2 cells. Further mechanism studies showed that Pomiferin activated the Akt/Nrf2 pathway and inhibited the NF-κB pathway.Conclusion:Our study demonstrated that Pomiferin exerts antineuroinflammatory effects through activating Akt/Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting NF-κB pathway.

Background:Neurodegenerative diseases are associated with neuroinflammation. However, the pro-inflammatory mediators produced during the occurrence of neuroinflammation will damage neurons and aggravate the process of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, inhibiting neuroinflammation may be an effective way to alleviate neurodegenerative diseases. The orange mulberry brass has a wide range of anti - oxidation and anti - inflammatory effects in peripheral tissues. However, it is not clear whether it inhibits neuroinflammation. Methods:In our experiment, we studied the effect of Pomiferin on BV2 cell inflammation and its mechanism with Quantitative PCR, ELISA and western blot.Results:The results showed that Pomiferin inhibited the production of ROS, NO and proinflammatory mediators (IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS, COX2) in BV2 cells. Further mechanism studies showed that Pomiferin activated the Akt /Nrf2 pathway and inhibited the NF-κB pathway. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that Pomiferin exerts anti-neuroinflammatory effects through activating Akt /Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting NF-κB pathway.

Wernicke脑病（Wernicke’s encephalopathy,WE）,是由硫胺素（维生素B1）缺乏所致的一种神经系统代谢性脑病。我们报道2例临床表现典型、经影像学检查确认的WE病例,以增加对本病的认识。1临床资料1.1患者1,男性,60岁,因胃术后1个月,

目的 研究全面引导护理对乳腺癌放疗患者护理质量的影响.方法 本文选取2015年4月-2017年4月吉林大学第一医院收治的乳腺癌放疗患者150例,采用数字随机法分成常规护理组和全面引导护理组,对2组患者干预前后的皮肤损伤症状评分进行比较,采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)对患者干预前后的心理状态进行评分比较,采用健康状况调查简表(SF-36)对患者干预前后的生活质量进行评分,最后统计2组患者的护理满意度.结果 2组患者在进行护理干预前的皮肤损伤程度症状评分比较差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05),护理干预后全面引导护理组的皮肤损伤程度症状评分明显低于常规护理组的症状评分(均P＜0.05);2组患者护理后的SAS和SDS评分明显低于护理前,且全面引导护理组患者护理后的SAS和SDS评分显著低于常规护理组(均P＜0.05);2组患者护理后的生活质量评分均高于护理前,且全面引导护理组的患者护理干预后生活质量评分明显高于常规护理组(P＜0.05);全面引导护理组患者护理后的总满意度明显高于常规护理组(P＜0.05).结论 全面引导护理能够降低乳腺癌患者放疗后的皮肤损伤程度,改善患者心理状态和生活质量,提高患者的护理满意度.

桥本脑病(Hashimoto's encephalopathy,HE)的临 床 表 现 和 影 像 学 特 点 多 样,缺 乏 特 异 性,自1966 年首次报道以来,国内外文献相继对此病进行报道,病灶常累及大脑半球各叶,累及双侧丘脑病例国内未见文献报道.现将我院诊治的累及双侧丘脑的 1 例 HE 患者的临床资料报道分析如下.

眶尖综合征是一种因多种病变侵犯眶尖,导致其组织结构损伤,从而形成的特定临床表现的总称,其特点是视神经病变及眼肌麻痹[1-2]. 眶尖综合征的病因包括炎症、感染、外伤、血管性疾病、肿瘤及医源性等,其中以感染、炎症及眼眶原发性肿瘤较常见,转移性肿瘤较少见. 笔者现报道 1 例罕见的以眶尖综合征为首发表现的转移性肺癌患者的临床诊治经过,以期增强临床医生对转移性肿瘤侵犯眶尖这一罕见情况的关注.

1临床资料例1,患者,女,51岁,因"头痛、头晕2周"前来就诊,行颈部血管CDFI可见:右侧椎动脉从第4颈椎水平入横突孔,入横突孔处局部血流束变细,原始管径4.5mm,残余管径1.9mm,狭窄率57.8%,局部血流速度增快,达149/66cm/s,频带增宽;颈段管径3.2 mm,血流速度69/30cm/s,频谱形态正常;C3-4椎间隙段可见管腔内血流束变细,局部血流速度110/52cm/s,频谱形态大致正常。超声提示:右侧椎动脉局限性颈段及椎间隙段轻-中度狭窄,考虑椎动脉夹层（壁内血肿型）可能性大。行头

1临床资料患者男,64岁,吞咽困难1个月,伴吞咽疼痛,无反酸、烧心,无呕血、黑便,当地医院胃镜提示距门齿约35-40cm食管可见一亚蒂隆起型肿物,表面凹凸不平,覆污秽苔,病理提示鳞状上皮重度异型,不除外局灶上皮内癌变,患者及家属为求进一步诊治入我院。查体未见明显阳性体征。既往体健。

1病历资料患者,女性,30岁,因双手大小鱼际肌处疼痛2个月,加重1个月,头痛、发作性抽搐8h于2013年11月29日入院。该患2个月前发现双手掌大小鱼际肌出现红斑,手掌皮肤发红,伴有疼痛。1个月前疼痛加重,影响睡眠。8h前患者熬夜后出现头痛,恶心、呕吐,视物模糊,随后出现抽搐,共发作5次。查体:体温38.4℃,血压169/100mmHg。双手指尖、大鱼际、小鱼际可见散在暗红色皮疹。镇静状态,双侧瞳孔

真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎(fungal rhinosinusitis,FRS)是由真菌感染引起的鼻及鼻窦的疾病,又称鼻-鼻窦真菌病[1].根据病程持续时间,分为急性(症状持续时间<1个月)或慢性(症状持续时间>3个月);根据是否有周围结构和组织受累,分为侵袭性或非侵袭性[2].急性侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎(acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis,AIFRS)病理上可见真菌侵及鼻窦黏膜、黏膜下层、血管或骨质,常伴颅内外并发症[3].临床上AIFRS引起神经系统损害的病例易引起误诊,耽误治疗.现报道2例我们收治的AIFRS引起海绵窦-眶尖综合征的病例,以提示广大临床医生关注该病的诊治.

患者男,60岁,因头晕6个月,加重5 d于2017年10月19日吉林大学第二医院神经内科收治。患者主要表现为头部昏沉感,伴后枕部发木、发胀感,与头位及体位改变无明显相关。无视物旋转,无恶心呕吐,无耳鸣及听力减退。患者有高血压病病史5年,血压最高200/110 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),每日口服左旋氨氯地平片2.5 mg 1次及替米沙坦80 mg 1次,血压控制良好。发现血糖升高4年,测空腹血

玻尿酸是由葡萄胺与葡萄醛酸互相键结所形成之长链状高分子多糖体聚合物,是人体皮肤内天然细胞间质组成之一,目前已被广泛地运用于微整型,对颜面部凹陷处进行局部填充以改变轮廓并减轻细纹 [1] 。我们收治一例经眉间注射玻尿酸后致左眼失明及分水岭脑梗死患者。虽有面部填充物质（透明质酸、自体脂肪）后出现并发症的相关报道,但此例

The incidence rate of acute pancreatitis (AP) has been gradually increasing in recent years,and pediatric AP is often seen in clinical practice.Pediatric AP has complex causes and diverse clinical manifestations,and infants and children cannot clearly explain their discomforts,which makes it more difficult to make an accurate diagnosis and may easily cause misdiagnosis,missed diagnosis,and delayed treatment.A deep understanding of pediatric AP helps to improve the diagnosis and treatment level of this disease.This article reviews the advances in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric AP,in order to provide guidance to clinical practice.

目前,肿瘤已成为严重威胁公众健康的第一"杀手"。2012年我国癌症新发人数为358.62万,死亡人数为218.66万[1]。2015年我国癌症新发人数及死亡人数已激增为429.2万和281.4万[2]。且癌症发病呈明显年轻化的趋势。针对这一全球性的难题,全世界各国都在积极的增加肿瘤研究的投入,研制抗肿瘤新药,摸索肿瘤治疗的新方法。肿瘤放射

谵妄状态是对客观环境的认识能力及反应能力下降。出现注意力涣散、定向障碍及一系列精神症状，多数伴有睡眠-觉醒周期紊乱，其中注意力障碍为其核心症状。近年来，随着社会的发展，人口老龄化的越发显著，老年患者出现谵妄状态也倍受关注。现将我科收治的2例老年术后谵妄的病例进行报道，同时就老年术后谵妄的诊断、影响因素、治疗及预防进行综述。

OBJECTIVE To obtain the standby time and influencing factors of pressure steam sterilizer,and under-stand the status of the use of pressure steam sterilizer,energy and cost waste.METHODS The electronic version of sterilization reports of pressure steam sterilizers from 395 hospitals from Sep.2017 to Aug.2017 were collected. The clinical data and usage situation of pressure steam sterilizers in disinfection supply center of 395 hospitals were collected by using the self-designed questionnaire of general information and the usage situation of pressure steam sterilizer.SPSS 18.0 software was used for data entry and statistical analysis.RESULTS The average standby time of a pressure steam sterilizer was 7.76(4.85~9.34)hours every day.There were 187(47.34%)hospitals had more than 8 hours of standby time,accounting for 47.34%.Multiple linear logistic regression analysis showed that the hospital level,the number of pressure steam sterilizer,whether all the pressure steam sterilizers started at the same time,and whether the pressure steam sterilizers worked at night were the influencing factor of the standby time of the pressure steam sterilizer (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION The use of pressure steam sterilizer has long standby time,energy and cost waste.Hospitals should build steam sterilizer energy-saving management solution according to their own situation.

1 病例介绍 <br>　　患者，女，54岁，因头痛1 d于2015年1月2 日入院。患者于入院前1 d无明显诱因出现头痛，眼眶疼痛，伴有恶心、呃逆，自服止痛药物后头痛缓解。发病前8天有“感冒”症状，全身不适，精神状态欠佳。病程中无发热、咳嗽咳痰，无言语不清，无饮水呛咳、吞咽困难，无肢体活动不灵，无肢体抽搐，为进一步治疗入院。

急性发热性嗜中性皮病,又名 Sweet 综合征( Sweet′s syndrome)或Sweet病(Sweet′s disease),是由于中性粒细胞增多,广泛浸润真皮浅、中层引起的皮肤疼痛性隆起性红斑,同时伴有发热及其他器官损害的一种少见疾病。本病好发于四肢和颈面部,躯干皮肤及口腔黏膜也可累及,可两侧分布,但不对称。皮损初期为红色浸润斑或结节,逐渐扩大增多,颜色变深,隆起呈边缘清楚的环状,表面可因呈粗颗粒或乳头状而形似“水疱”,部分患者可出现散在的针尖大小或更大的水疱或脓疱,针刺反应可阳性。有自发疼痛和触痛。口腔黏膜损害表现浅糜烂及溃疡[1]。 Sweet病累及神经系统十分罕见,命名为神经Sweet病( Neuro-Sweet disease,NSD)。我们收治1例NSD患者,现对其临床表现及诊断治疗经过报道如下。

1临床资料先证者（Ⅱ2）男性,63岁,因认知功能下降8年,四肢多动2年于2014年1月就诊本院。患者8年前出现记忆力下降,不能胜任工作,后逐渐加重,并出现计算力下降、理解力降低,反应迟钝。病程中有入睡困难、焦虑、暴躁易怒。2年前患者出现双手扭动,并逐渐加重,发展为四肢舞蹈样不自主扭动,并伴有饮水呛咳、吞咽困难。神经系统查体:意识清

狂犬病是由狂犬病毒引起的人兽共患病，病毒存在于病犬及患者唾液及神经组织中。唾液中的病毒通过破损的皮肤侵入体内，导致感染发病，病死率100％。大部分病例潜伏期为30-90天，也有被咬后30年发病的病例［1］。我们收治1例疑似50年潜伏期的狂犬病病例，现报道如下。