以新时代"金课"为目标,以融合创新为核心,大力推进《口腔颌面局部解剖学》内涵建设,在教学目标、教学内容以及教学模式等方面不断进行创新.老年人由于机体老化,口腔疾病多发易发,本课程的讲授可以为诊治口腔疾病提供必要的解剖学基础,对培养优秀复合型口腔医学人才同样具有重要意义.

我国心肌梗死的发病率不断增加，并呈年轻化趋势发展，这对人们的身体健康产生了很大的威胁。如今，心脏磁共振技术逐渐趋于成熟，现已应用在各类心肌疾病的诊断中，如缺血性和应激性疾病、弥漫性心肌纤维化、瓣膜病及先心病等，大大提高了对心肌损伤的诊断。1 T1-mapping T1-mapping技术目前是心脏核磁中的新兴技术。基于T1-mapping的组织表征，目前正在从研究工具过渡到临床模式，因为临床对几种疾病已经确定了其有用性，如缺血性心脏病、心肌炎、

突如其来的疫情促使《口腔颌面局部解剖学》全面开展线上教学.根据解剖形态学特点,本课程从授课方式、课程互动和成绩评定3个方面精心设计.依托吉林大学在线学堂,使用腾讯会议和学习通APP,授课教师从课前、课上和课后3个阶段开展解剖学线上教学.学生讲解解剖图片等课堂互动环节在强化师生互动、生生互动的同时,有助于知识、能力和思政目标的实现.学校督导和学生对于本课程的线上教学实践予以较高的评价.

胰胆管梗阻性疾病是临床引起黄疸的常见病之一。由于胰胆管解剖结构细微,临床对胰胆管梗阻性疾病的检出率较低,定性较困难。影像学检查方法成为当前辅助胰胆管梗阻性疾病诊断的首选。磁共振胆管造影（MRCP）是一种非侵入性成像技术,具有安全、高效、便捷的优势,可够提供胰胆管的详细解剖信息,广泛应用于胰胆管梗阻性疾病的临床诊断中 [1-2] 。许多研究证明,MRCP具有很高的敏感性和特异性,

细胞通过有氧代谢使生命活动得以进行和维持,有氧代谢过程中会产生活性氧（ROS）等多种自由基[1]。自由基对细胞来说是一把双刃剑,一方面,自由基是有氧代谢所必备的;另一方面,对机体存在毒性。许多实验已经表明,自由基反应能导致细胞退化、老化、裂解[2]。H2O2是一种ROS,在诱导细胞的损伤、死亡中起关键作用。它能损伤DNA、使酶失活、氧化激素、破坏细胞膜的完整性,甚至杀死细胞等,是多种疾病的起点[3]。

口腔医学人才应注重临床胜任力的培养.口腔局部解剖学面临教学模式单一、实践操作受限、自学意识淡薄以及网络资源匮乏等问题,严重影响教学效果.采用现代化的网络信息技术,搭建口腔局部解剖学虚拟教学平台,利用网络虚拟教学平台内容上的多样性和形式上的灵活性,依托丰富网络教学资源,以口腔医学生临床胜任力的培养为切入点,从教学观念、教学资源、教学模式、教学技术、考核体系多个方面对口腔局部解剖学的教学进行融合创新.吉林大学口腔医学院经过两年的实践和应用,口腔医学生的培养质量不断得到提高,为今后口腔医学生临床胜任力的培养及提升探索经验,使口腔医学生培养模式更具前瞻性、科学性和实用性.

新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)在2019年底首次出现,现今已演变成"全球大流行".考虑到疫情期间教学的特殊性及学生的需求,2月24日,我院李波教授以吉林大学公开课的方式在线讲授了"传染病流行病学"课程.在此基础上,我院现拟对2017级医学生开展《传染病流行病学——以新型冠状病毒肺炎为例》线上教学课程.旨在通过此次线上教学,使学生从传染病流行病学角度认识COVID-19疫情,科学提高自我防护能力.

本研究通过对国内外设有公共卫生硕士专业学位的10所高校进行调研,在借鉴了其先进经验的基础上,探索并优化了我校公共卫生硕士专业学位研究生教育的课程体系,组建了教学核心团队,根据新的培养方案制作、编写了新课程体系中核心课程的教学课件和补充教材,增加了实践培养基地,突出公共卫生硕士的应用型人才特点,加强了对学生职业能力的培养.

Background. This study aim to identify the core pathogenic genes and explore the potential molecular mechanisms of human coronary artery disease (CAD). Methodology. Two gene profiles of epicardial adipose tissue from CAD patients including GSE 18612 and GSE 64554 were downloaded and integrated by R software packages. All the coexpression of deferentially expressed genes (DEGs) were picked out and analyzed by DAVID online bioinformatic tools. In addition, the DEGs were totally typed into protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks to get the interaction data among all coexpression genes. Pictures were drawn by cytoscape software with the PPI networks data. CytoHubba were used to predict the hub genes by degree analysis. Finally all the top 10 hub genes and prediction genes in Molecular complex detection were analyzed by Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis. qRT-PCR were used to identified all the 10 hub genes. Results. The top 10 hub genes calculated by the degree method were AKT1, MYC, EGFR, ACTB, CDC42, IGF1, FGF2, CXCR4, MMP2 and LYN, which relevant with the focal adhesion pathway. Module analysis revealed that the focal adhesion was also acted an important role in CAD, which was consistence with cytoHubba. All the top 10 hub genes were verified by qRT-PCR which presented that AKT1, EGFR, CDC42, FGF2, and MMP2 were significantly decreased in epicardial adipose tissue of CAD samples (p<0.05) and MYC, ACTB, IGF1, CXCR4, and LYN were significantly increased (p<0.05). Conclusions. These candidate genes could be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of CAD.

目的:了解吉林省0～5岁儿童出生缺陷状况和分布特征,探讨出生缺陷干预对策.方法:采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,在吉林省东、中、西部区域共抽取15个县(市、区)的共90个乡(镇、街道)作为调查点,对各调查点于2008年10月1日0时-2013年9月30日24时出生的儿童进行回顾性调查.调查共收集吉林省0～5岁儿童样本48 720例,剔除不合格样本291例,有效样本48 429例.使用自行设计的儿童出生缺陷调查问卷进行调查,数据采用Epi Data 3.1软件进行数据录入,采用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行统计学分析,儿童出生缺陷发生率组间比较采用x2检验.结果:调查有效样本共48 429例,发现出生缺陷患儿共517例,吉林省0～5岁儿童出生缺陷总发生率为10.68‰.男童出生缺陷发生率(11.52‰)高于女童(9.56‰)(x2=83.768,P＜0.01).农村儿童出生缺陷发生率(11.87‰)高于城镇(9.64‰) (x2=5.651,P=0.017).出生缺陷发生率较高的前五位疾病依次为先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、先天性脑积水、唇裂并发腭裂和脊柱裂.结论:吉林省0～5岁儿童出生缺陷发生率在全国处于较低水平,出生缺陷发生率性别和城乡分布差异明显,先天性心脏病已成为吉林省首位高发出生缺陷.

急性肺损伤(ALI)是以肺弥散功能障碍为主要特征的临床危重急症,病情易加重发展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征.目前除机械通气以外,ALI缺乏有效的治疗方法,其病死率高达40％以上.姜黄素是一种从植物姜黄中提取的多酚类活性成分,有较高的生物活性,姜黄素对ALI有明显的治疗作用.本文针对由各种致病因素引起的ALI采用姜黄素治疗的效果和作用机制进行综合论述.

目的:检测α-氮化硅(α-Si3N4)与多微孔纳米二氧化硅(SP1SiO2)的最佳熔附温度、熔附时间和最佳填料比例,阐明其对复合树脂性能的影响.方法:将α-Si3N4晶须和SP1SiO2颗粒按质量比5∶1混合,以250℃·h-1的升温速度分别升至500℃、650℃、800℃、950℃和1 100℃,并分别保持10 min、30 min和3h,即为α-Si3N4-SP1SiO2熔附体复合树脂组,同时设立SP1SiO2颗粒组、α-Si3N4晶须组和α-Si3N4与SP1SiO2混合未熔附组(混合组),选择2种市售复合树脂作为对照组.环己烷溶液处理后与树脂基质按质量分数60％充分混合、聚合制作试样,测试挠曲强度并分析其断面扫描电子显微镜(SEM)形貌.再将配比为2∶1的α-Si3N4与SP1 SiO2混合,最佳熔附条件熔附,环己烷溶液处理后与树脂基质按20％、40％、60％、70％和75％质量分数充分混合、聚合,选择2种市售复合树脂作为对照组,测试挠曲强度并分析其断面SEM形貌.结果:α-Si3N4-SP1SiO2熔附体复合树脂组800℃、30 min时挠曲强度值最大,挠曲强度值均明显高于SP1SiO2颗粒组、α-Si3N4晶须组、混合组和2个对照组(P＜0.05),断面SEM形貌与力学性能相符.α-Si3N4-SP1SiO2熔附体复合树脂挠曲强度随着α-Si3N4与SP1SiO2熔附体填料比例从20％增加至60％逐渐增大(P＜0.05),填料比例为60％～70％时挠曲强度值增加不明显,填料比例为70％～75％时挠曲强度值减小,填料比例为60％和70％时复合树脂的挠曲强度值均明显高于填料比例为20％、40％和75％时复合树脂及对照组,断面SEM形貌与力学性能相符.结论:α-Si3N4与SP1SiO2最佳熔附条件是800℃处理30 min;α-Si3N4与SP1SiO2熔附体填料最佳比例为70％.

食用菌含有多种营养成分和活性物质,营养价值高,且具有保健功效.食用菌具有富集重金属的生物学特性,且对镉和汞的富集能力最强,而各地食用菌的主要重金属污染元素也不尽相同.因此,在充分利用食用菌富集有益于人体健康物质的特性的同时,也要规避其对重金属富集作用而产生的健康风险.本文在分析和汇总现有相关研究文献的基础上,对国内外食用菌中重金属污染现状进行了论述,对已有的重金属风险评估方法进行了探讨,以期能够为相关部门制定政策和法规提供参考依据.

Traditional professional English teaching in oral medicine can not meet the needs of international high-level medical talent under the new situation.It is necessary to change teaching thought,update teaching content and improve teaching quality.The new teaching mode is explored and practiced on several links including the focus on first class,novel teaching content,effective teaching method.

Objective To know the levels of Mg,Al,Zn,Fe,Cu and Mn elements in the hair of adults,and explore their correlation with abdominal obesity.MethodsWTBZ The data was acquired by questionnaire survey,physical examination and laboratory tests(ICP-MS was used to detected the levels of Mg,Al,Zn,Fe,Cu and Mn elements in hair) from 657adults,which were sampled through random cluster sampling method.Results There were significant difference of the levels of Mg,Al,Zn,Fe and Mn elements in hair of the adults with different gender(P<0.05).The levels of all six kinds of elements in hair of the adults with various age groups were different significantly(P<0.05).The levels of all mineral elements in abdominal obesity group were below normal group's level with statistical significance.The spearman correlation analyses suggested that Mg,Al,Zn,Fe,Cu and Mn elements had negative correlation with abdominal obesity(r=-0.120,P=0.002;r=-0.200,P<0.001;r=-0.091,P=0.020;r=-0.162,P<0.001;r=-0.088,P=0.024;r=-0.135,P=0.001).Controlling the effect of other elements,Log-binomial regression analyses indicated that Al,Zn,and Cu were negatively related to abdominal obesity.Conclusion The levels of mineral elements in human are affected by gender and age.The levels of Mg,Al,Zn,Fe,Cu and Mn elements in the hair of abdominal obesity group are obviously lower.

The essence of scientific research thinking is a thinking model to actively identify and solve problems.The cultivation of scientific research thinking is the most important part in scientific research training.The tutors should pay more attention to the cultivation of medical students' scientific research thinking during the training of scientific research,instruct these students to complete the conversion of passive thinking to active thinking,and to establish critical,creative and inferential thinking.

Objective In order to study the physiological change of ginseng in adults,we observed the physiological changes and adverse reaction / event frequency before and after eating ginseng.Methods A total of 960 cases of young,middle-aged and old aged between 18-80 years old were selected for clinical study by random,stratified and self-controlled method.We investigated the demographic and social factors of subjects.The changes of physical examination,blood routine,blood glucose,blood lipid,immune regulation and hormone metabolism were observed and compared before and after 12 weeks of eating ginseng.Epidata3.0 were applied for data entry,IBM SPSS20.0 were used for statistical analysis.The description of measurement data were usedmean±standard or median (interquartile range),an independent t-test or nonparametric tests the two groups were used to compare two groups.Categorical variables were reported by constituent ratio.Results ①The study showed that the heart rate increased and the diastolic pressure decreased after eating ginseng.②After eating ginseng,the number of Hb,WBC and neutrophils increased,the number of platelets increased,the function of blood coagulation increased and blood glucose level decreased.③The levels of CD4 and CD8 were increased,and the levels of tumor necrosis factor,thyroid stimulating hormone,T3,T4,testosterone and ACTH were decreased after eating ginseng.④The incidence of adverse reaction was 0%,and the incidence of adverse events was about 15.9%.Conclusion Ginseng can improve part of the physiological function of human body and is suitable for daily consumption because of its high security.

糖尿病(DM)是由胰岛素缺乏或功能障碍导致糖代谢紊乱引起的代谢性疾病.间充质干细胞(MSCs)具有强大的自我更新能力、多向分化潜能和免疫调节能力,并且可以从多种组织中获取,目前已经被用于治疗1型或2型DM,成为治疗DM的研究热点.本文就MSCs在DM及其并发症治疗方面所起作用的研究进展进行概括并提出展望.

目的:探讨颞下颌关节与周围重要结构的毗邻关系,为避免在颞下颌关节手术中损伤周围重要结构提供数据支持.方法:选取颞下颌关节完整的颅骨标本43副,用游标卡尺和量角器测量颞下颌关节与其周围重要骨性标志的距离与角度.结果:鼓鳞裂最外侧到棘孔、卵圆孔、茎乳孔的最短距离分别是(22.69±2.02)mm、(27.23±2.07)mm、(17.67±1.76)mm,岩鳞裂最内侧到棘孔、卵圆孔、茎乳孔的最短距离分别是(6.55±1.56)mm、(11.64±1.73)mm、(17.53±1.75)mm,蝶棘根部到卵圆孔、茎乳孔的最短距离分别是(9.53±1.39)mm、(20.08±2.14)mm,关节结节最低点到棘孔、卵圆孔、茎乳孔的最短距离分别是(27.33±2.14)mm、(30.33±2.29)mm、(32.23±1.78)mm,关节结节最低点、棘孔、茎乳孔形成的三角形的三个夹角分别是(73.72±7.24)°、(55.58±6.49)°、(50.70±7.56)°,关节结节最低点、卵圆孔、茎乳孔形成的三角形的三个夹角分别是(62.41±6.88)°、(61.19±5.61)°、(56.40±7.60)°.结论:颞下颌关节周边的解剖位置测量数据可以为颞下颌关节手术提供参考标准,减少或避免手术并发症.

目的 探讨依达拉奉治疗急性肺损伤(ALI)大鼠的作用及其机制.方法 将48只清洁级Wistar成年大鼠随机分为对照组、ALI组和依达拉奉(EDA)组,之后给予EDA治疗.治疗后第7天留取肺脏组织,行苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察肺组织形态,Western印迹和免疫组织化学法检测肺组织Bcl-2和Bax表达.结果 HE染色显示ALI组肺组织表现肺结构部分破坏,肺泡部分肺泡壁塌陷且水肿严重,部分肺泡腔扩大,大量炎性细胞浸润,肺泡隔显著增厚,明显的局部出血;与ALI组相比,EDA组肺组织结构破坏较轻,水肿也明显减轻,仅有少量炎性细胞浸润.Western印迹结果显示,与ALI组相比,EDA组抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的表达水平明显增高,促凋亡蛋白Bax表达水平显著降低,酶切-caspase3蛋白表达明显下调(均P<0.01).免疫组化结果表明,与ALI组相比,核浆中的Bcl-2表达水平明显增高,Bax表达水平明显降低(均P<0.01).结论 EDA在ALI大鼠肺组织中上调Bcl-2和下调Bax蛋白水平来降低细胞凋亡,同时其可能通过减少Caspase3依赖途径的凋亡来保护肺组织.