Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are among the most promising rechargeable batteries, but the stability of the zinc anode is severely threatened by corrosion, dendrite formation and growth as well as hydrogen evolution on the Zn anode. Inspired by biomimetic hydrogen bonding in nucleic acids, this study proposed the use of an ecofriendly and low-cost derivative of pyrimidine (one of the central components of nucleic acids), pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid (PCA), as an electrolyte additive in a ZnSO4 electrolyte for stabilizing zinc anodes. Results indicate that PCA with zincophilicity and hydrogen bonding could be adsorbed on the zinc anode surface in the ZnSO4 electrolyte, thus effectively suppressing corrosion and hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) and the production and growth of zinc dendrites on the zinc electrode surface. Thus, the effectively improved stability of the Zn anode was achieved. The effects of zinc ion deposition kinetics and in situ inhibition of zinc dendrite formation on zinc electrodes by trace PCA are presented. Hence, symmetric Zn & Vert;Zn batteries, including a PCA/ZnSO4 electrolyte, exhibited excellent cycling performance for 3500 h under 1 mA cm-2 and 1 mA h cm-2 and over 2000 h under 5 mA cm-2 and 1 mA h cm-2 at 298 K. The coulombic efficiency of Zn & Vert;Cu half-cells containing the PCA/ZnSO4 electrolyte remained 99.7% after 700 cycles at 5 mA cm-2 and 5 mA h cm-2. Under a current density of 1 A g-1, the capacity retention rate of Zn & Vert;Mn full cells with the PCA/ZnSO4 electrolyte increased by 32% after 1000 cycles compared with that of the blank ZnSO4 electrolyte. Hence, this study provides insights into strengthening aqueous zinc-ion batteries using a low-cost and ecofriendly dilute pyrimidine derivative in aqueous electrolytes.

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) are one of the most promising rechargeable batteries, but the stability of zinc anode are severely threatened by corrosion, dendrite formation and growth and hydrogen...

New stared compounds including norfloxacin fragments were prepared via a multi-step route,which were employed as the target corrosion inhibitors(TCIs)for mild steel in 1 mol/L HCl solution.For comparisons,the linear compounds including a single norfloxacin part employed as the reference corrosion inhibitors(RCIs)were synthesized.The molecular structures of the stared compounds were confirmed.The material simulation calculations suggest the presence of large binding energies of the stared compounds on mild steel surface.The enhanced chemisorption of the stared compounds on mild steel surface was demonstrated,which could be resulted by the chemical complexion of the target stared molecules with iron atoms.The reinforced adsorption of the target compounds on mild steel surface was investigated by atomic force microscopy(AFM)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The electrochemical analyses reveal the super protection of the TCIs for mild steel in HCl solution,and the anticorrosion efficiency reaches 96.45%(TCI1,0.050 mM)and 96.61%(TCI2,0.010 mM)at 298 K.

Copper and alloys suffer from severe corrosion during acid picking and acid cleaning in the industry. In this study, the corrosion inhibition of copper in sulfuric acid solution was inspired by the turtle shape-like bis-Schiff bases bearing fatty chain linkers (BSBs 1-3), which were synthesized from a natural analogue of vanillin under mild conditions. The chemical structures of the BSBs were fully identified, and the presence of hydrogen bonding in the BSBs was confirmed. The target BSBs display affinity to the copper surface using the Schiff base parts (like turtle feet), and thus, the fatty linkers in the BSBs could resist aggressive species invading the copper surface (like turtle shell). The corrosion resistance and corrosion inhibition mechanism of BSBs for copper were investigated experimentally in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution. The results show that target BSBs might significantly inhibit the corrosion of copper in acid solution. The corrosion inhibition efficiencies of BSBs 1-3 were maximized at a concentration of 1.00 mM under 298 K, which reached 97.99, 96.22, and 94.58%, respectively. It is shown that the corrosion inhibition effect of the BSBs for copper increased with an increase in the length of fatty linkers, which was consistent with the order of hydrogen bonding strength. The adsorption and anticorrosion mechanisms of the target molecules for copper were analyzed. The results presented in this study could provide an experimental insight for engineering new efficient, low-cost, and environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors for copper through simple preparation using natural compounds as starting molecules.

In this study, a low-cost and friendly compound diazolidinylurea carrying a number of heteroatoms and inter/intra hydrogen bonding, a derivative of urea (DU), efficiently strengthened aqueous zinc ions batteries (AZIBs) in ZnSO4 electrolyte. The influence of DU on the zinc anode in the 2 M ZnSO4 electrolyte was fully studied by various surface chemistry and electrochemistry means. It is demonstrated that the super low concentration of DU (2 mM, 0.00556 wt %) could inhibit the formation of zinc dendrites, zinc corrosion, and the hydrogen evolution reaction during the constant current cycling of water system ZIBs, which thus enabled symmetric zinc-zinc batteries to reach a cycle life of 7336 h (nearly 306 days) under 1 mA·cm-2, 1 mA h·cm-2 at 25 °C and 426 h (nearly 18 days) at 55 °C, and inspired zinc-manganese full battery to maintain a capacity retention rate of more than 52% after cycling for 1000 cycles under a current of 2 A·g-1. These results are much superior over zinc ion cells based on the blank ZnSO4 batteries. Even if the Zn-Cu half cells including the DU/2 M ZnSO4 electrolyte were also more pronounced than those with the bare ZnSO4 electrolyte. The maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency of the DU for the zinc electrode in ZnSO4 solution exceeded 82%. Hence, the suppression of zinc corrosion and parasitic side reactions, as well as the formation and growth of zinc dendritic crystals by the addition of DU in zinc sulfate electrolyte, played a central role in intensifying aqueous zinc ion batteries.

Zinc corrosion, hydrogen evolution reaction, uneven deposition, and dendrite growth on the zinc anodes are the key factors restraining the electrochemical performance and cycling stability of the aqueous zinc-ion batteries. In this study, learned from the synial membrane, a tiny amount of natural amino acid β-alanine (β-Ala, 0.089 wt %) was introduced as the additive in ZnSO4 electrolyte for strengthening the kinetics of the zinc anode as well as enhancing the performance of zinc ions batteries. A number of modern surface techniques and surface electrochemical analyses were employed to reveal the fundamental reasons for the strengthened zinc anode by β-Ala in ZnSO4 electrolyte. The results show that β-Ala could be adsorbed on zinc electrode surface through intermolecular chelation, which might regulate the chemical environments of the electrolyte and promote uniform deposition of zinc ions. Hence, the β-Ala adsorption film on zinc electrode could suppress the hydrogen evolution reaction and the formation of zinc dendrites, thereby significantly improving the deposition/stripping process of the zinc anode. In particular, the strong hydrogen bonding could restrain the migration of H2O molecules approaching the zinc anode surface, preventing the invasion of water to the zinc electrode surface. Therefore, the addition of dilute β-Ala in the ZnSO4 electrolyte might remarkably prolong the life span of Zn||Zn symmetric batteries to 5000 h under 1 mA cm-2 and 1 mAh cm-2, and to 450 h under 5 mA cm-2 and 3 mAh cm-2 at 298 K, which is much longer than the zinc-zinc symmetric cells including the bare ZnSO4 electrolyte (only 95 h at 5 mA cm-2 and 3 mAh cm-2, and 200 h at 1 mA cm-2 and 1 mAh cm-2). Furthermore, β-Ala was found to significantly improve the cycling stability of Zn||Cu asymmetric cells and Zn||V2O5 full cells. This study provides an effective method for engineering electrolytes to inspire rechargeable zinc-ion batteries by selecting ideal natural biomolecules as the electrolyte additives.

In this study, double norfloxacin skeletons including the target armed molecules (DNs) displaying antibacterial and anticorrosion properties for copper in aqueous solutions were presented. The molecular modelling and material simulation calculations suggest that the target molecules could be adsorbed to copper surface, which was further demonstrated by attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results show that the copper surface which adsorbed the target armed molecules exhibited an excellent inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The potentiodynamic polarization plots and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy demonstrate that the DNs of 0.100 mM achieved over 95% corrosion inhibition efficiency for copper in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution at 298 K. The results given in this study may guide us to achieve bacterial and corrosion resistances for copper based on the drug-included armed molecules.

This study developed a method to realise triple resistant effects of new branched molecules for copper surface in aqueous solution. The adsorption of the studied molecules on copper surface was analysed. The results demonstrate that the copper surface adsorbed by the studied molecules showed super resistance effects on Chlorella sp., Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The dramatic corrosive suppression of the branched compounds on copper in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 solution was revealed by the potentiodynamic polarisation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at 298 K. By establishing a simple chemical strategy to construct the branched molecules, the multiple inhibition properties of the target molecular adsorption layers on copper can be controlled on the molecular scale.

在侵略性介质中,金属如碳钢、铜、铝等的腐蚀不可避免并可能造成严重后果,因此防护金属腐蚀非常必要且具有重要意义.与化学合成的有机缓蚀剂相比较,植物提取物基缓蚀剂具有许多独特优点,例如高效率、低成本、可再生与可持续,且符合低碳与绿色化工要求,有利于实现碳达峰与碳中和目标,得到人们极大关注.由于含有许多杂原子基团,植物提取物易与金属发生物理或化学作用形成吸附膜,进而阻碍侵略性物种与金属表面的直接接触,从而阻滞或抑制金属表面的电化学反应,实现在多种侵略性介质中对金属的腐蚀防护,阻止金属溶解.本文重点综述了近二十年植物提取物作为在侵略性介质中抗金属腐蚀材料的研究进展,特别是关于抑制钢腐蚀的研究进展,探讨了其作为有机绿色缓蚀剂的科学基础与应用潜能,并展望了本领域未来研究重点与研究目标,为人们利用探索天然产物基的有机缓蚀剂提供一定指导作用.

In this study,an approach was proposed to employ new target branched compounds(TBCs)including multiple antibiotic norfloxacin frameworks for intensified adsorption films to achieve super protection of mild steel in HCl medium.Thus,the TBCs containing bis/tri norfloxacin skeletons were synthesized by multi-step preparation route.In addition,the reference linear compound(RLC)including a single nor-floxacin part was also synthesized.The chemical structures of these compounds were confirmed by var-ious means.It was demonstrated that the TBCs could form the tough adsorption films on the surface of mild steel,which could be processed mainly through chemisorption effect.The electrochemical analysis suggested that the TBCs displayed superior corrosion inhibition performance for low carbon steel in 1.0 mol·L-1 HCl solution over the RLC(RLC,87.80％;TBC1,97.63％;TBC2,98.35％),which was further understood by the molecular modelling.The isotherm adsorption plots were employed to analyze the spontaneous adsorption process of the TBCs on low carbon steel surface,and a prominent chemisorption could be inferred by the standard Gibbs free energy changes of the adsorption.

A hydrophilic hyperbranched polyester (poly (tetramethylol acetylenediurea (TA)-CO-succinyl chloride) (PTS)) was proposed to be used as an organic additive in aqueous ZnSO 4 electrolyte to achieve a highly reversible zinc/manganese oxide battery. It is found that the zinc symmetric battery based on the 2.0 wt.% PTS/ZnSO 4 electrolyte showed a long cycle stability of more than 2400 h at 1.0 mA·cm −2 , which is much longer than that including the blank ZnSO 4 electrolyte (140 h). Furthermore, the capacity retention of the Zn||MnO 2 full cells employing the 2.0 wt.% PTS/ZnSO 4 electrolyte remained 85% after 100 cycles at 0.2 A·g −1 , which is much higher than 20% capacity retention of the cell containing the blank ZnSO 4 electrolyte, and also greater than 59.6% capacity retention of the cell including the 10.0 wt.% TA/ZnSO 4 electrolyte. By using 2.0 wt.% PTS/ZnSO4 electrolytes, the capacity retention of the Zn||MnO2 full cells even reached 65% after 2000 cycles at a higher current density of 1.0 A·g −1 . It is further demonstrated that the PTS was firmly adsorbed on the zinc anode surface to form a protective layer.

In this study, an approach was proposed to achieve super anti-effects of alga, bacteria and corrosion for copper surface by employing strengthened adsorption films of dendritic compounds having double antibiotic medicine xacins skeletons. Thus, two new target dendritic compounds based on goal-orientation were prepared with the linear reference molecules carrying a single xacin segment. The adsorption of the studied compounds on copper surface was analyzed based on molecular modeling and material dynamic simulation. Furthermore, the spontaneous adsorption of copper surface of these molecules was performed in mixed DMSO/H2O (80/20, v/v). The copper surface adsorbed by the target molecules showed superior antialgae performance of Chlorella, and the maximum diameters of bacteriostatic zones against E. coli and S. aureus reached about 3.5 cm and 2.8 cm. Besides, the dynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy show that the target compounds achieved over 96% corrosion inhibition efficiency at 0.100 mM in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution. The adsorption of copper surface of the target molecules was deeply characterized such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which revealed that the target molecules are chemically adsorbed on the metal surface through the complexation of heteroatoms with metals.

Two new ionic copolymers (poly(1,1′-(butane−1,4-diyl)bis(3-pentyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium)-bisiodide), ICP1, poly(1,1′-(butane−1,4-diyl)-bis(3-pentyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium)-bis(dihydrogen phosphate), ICP2) were synthesized by a simple ionic exchange method, which were characterized by the NMR spectra (1H, 13C and 31P). The ICPs could be adsorbed on copper surface in mixed EtOH or MeOH/H2SO4 (0.01 mM solution) solvents (v/v, 1:1), and the ICPs-copper bonding was demonstrated by the ATR-IR (attenuated total reflectance-infrared spectroscopy), Raman, XPS (x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and XRD (x-ray diffraction), respectively. The electrochemistry analysis suggests that the ICPs adsorption films could prevent from copper corrosion in H2SO4 solution mainly through the cathode branch inhibition, and a remarkable anticorrosion efficiency of the ICPs of 0.010 g/L for copper in H2SO4 solution was obtained (97.19

In this study, the benign target double terpyridine parts based amphiphilic ionic molecules (AIMs 1, 2) and the reference single terpyridine segment included AIMs (AIMs 3, 4) were synthesized through a multi-step method, and the molecular structures were fully characterized. The excellent anticorrosion of the target AIMs for copper surface in H2SO4 solution was demonstrated by the electrochemistry analysis, which was more superior over those of the reference AIMs. The standard adsorption free energy changes of the target AIMs calculated by the adsorption isotherms were lower than -40 kJ.mol(-1), suggesting an intensified chemical adsorption on metal surface. The molecular modeling and molecular dynamic computation of the studied AIMs were performed, demonstrating that the target AIMs exhibited lower highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy gaps and greater adsorption energies than the reference ones. The chemical adsorption of the AIMs on metal surface was revealed by various spectroscopic methods including scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy, Raman and X-ray diffraction. (C) 2022 The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China, and Chemical Industry Press Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

In order to develop organic compounds for achieving highly efficient anticorrosion of mild steel in HCl solution, this study proposed to synthesize new dendritic molecules (DMs 1,2) containing double norfloxacin skeletons. Besides, the linear molecule (LM) carrying a single norfloxacin framework was also prepared as the reference. The chemical structures of the studied molecules were fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy,1H,13C,19F), mass spectroscopy (MS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). For this purpose, the adsorption of the studied molecules on mild steel was investigated by different means. Furthermore, the potential kinetic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to survey the anticorrosion of the studied molecules in HCl solution at 298 K. It is shown that theDMsdisplayed superior corrosion inhibition effect on mild steel over theLMin acid medium at 298 K (the maximal corrosion inhibition efficiency,LM, 87.80%,DM1, 96.00%,DM2, 96.26% at 0.015 mM). The anticorrosion and adsorption mechanisms of the studied molecules for mild steel were further understood by molecular modeling and adsorption isotherms.

Background: There is beyond dispute that environmental protection and sustainable development have become the major theme in the world. It is necessary to explore an ecological corrosion inhibitor.Methods: The corrosion inhibition performance of wood hibiscus leaves (HLE) was studied by electrochemical measurement. The bonding information and functional group of Cu after immersed in H2SO4 solution (with or without HLE), which were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray electron spectroscopy (XPS). The morphology of Cu was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The anti-corrosion mechanism of HLE on copper was investigated by theoretical cal-culations and Monte Carlo simulation.Significant finds: The corrosion inhibition efficiency of 160 mg/L HLE is close to 92% at 298 K, and the adsorption type belonged to Langmuir adsorption. Theoretical calculations and experimental results showed that HLE was adsorbed on copper in parallel, forming a membrane to protect copper from corrosion.

The high content of nitrogen and sulfur-doped carbon dots (N, S-CDs) was designed to prevent the corrosion of X65 steel in an acidic medium. The corrosion-inhibiting abilities of related nanomaterials for X65 steel were acquired by electrochemical experiments, and the corroded products were investigated by FT-IR, XPS, and Raman analysis. The conclusions confirm that the N, S-CDs are a high-efficiency inhibitor. When the concentration is 200 mg/L, the inhibitive efficiency of X65 steel can reach up to 99.1% and it interacts with X65 steel through chemical and physical adsorption. Additionally, results from the spectroscopic studies show that the S-group is the main contributor to the chemical adsorption process.

In this research, we obtained Passiflora edulia Sims leaves Extract (PESLE) using a simple and green pure water extraction method. Experiment and theoretical calculations data show that PESLE can effectually restrain Cu corrosion in H2SO4 medium. Electrochemical results demonstrate that the PESLE is 800 mg/L, its anti-corrosion nature can reach about 96%. And with the augment of temperature, the anti-corrosion capacity of PESLE can still reach about 95% at a temperature of 318 K. SEM and AFM morphology test data show that PESLE is adsorbed onto the copper interface, the copper sample is effectively protected and the surface becomes relatively flat. The morphology test results directly prove that PESLE efficaciously restrain the corrosion of Cu in H2SO4 environment. XPS test results show that PESLE adsorption onto the Cu interface can detect Cu-N bond, which proves that chemical adsorption occurs. Quantum chemistry calculation data manifest that the three components of PESLE can reveal high anti-corrosion property. Molecular dynamics simulation data manifest the three components of PESLE can be adsorbed at the Cu (111) surface with paralleled way, and can have a large binding energy.