BackgroundTransforming rural migrant workers’ consumption potential into a consumption booster requires ensuring their equal rights as urban residents. The adequate access to Basic Public Health Services (BPHS) help effectively tackle rural migrant workers’ health challenges and promote the well-being of this vulnerable population. Assessing the welfare effects of BPHS through a consumption perspective offers valuable insights and provides policy implications for enhancing the equity of BPHS and achieving common prosperity.MethodsUtilizing the household-level data from China Migrants Dynamic Survey 2017 (CMDS 2017), this study comprehensively evaluated the effects of BPHS on rural migrant workers’ household consumption by combining the methods of OLS, PSM, and IV.ResultsThe enhancement of BPHS promotes rural migrant workers’ household consumption even after considering endogeneity problems. Mechanism analysis indicates that BPHS imposes its positive effects on rural migrant workers through improving health literacy and increasing citizenization willingness. Furthermore, we identified heterogeneous effects across individual and household characteristics of rural migrant workers, and their flow patterns.ConclusionOur analysis indicates that BPHS plays a greater role in promoting household consumption of socially vulnerable groups, such as trans-provincial migration, rural migrant workers in old generations, and with lower-level income. Overall, these results suggest that the welfare effects of BPHS are inclusive in China.

Digital technology brings widespread development opportunities to rural areas and also poses challenges for optimizing income distribution and achieving common prosperity. Based on the current situation of digital technology applications in rural areas, this study utilizes micro-data from the China Rural Revitalization Survey (CRRS) to investigate the impact of digital technology utilization (DTU) on rural household income and its heterogeneity. Additionally, it combines a perspective on income structure differences to conduct mechanism analysis. The research conclusion indicates that digital technology has a significant positive impact on rural household income. After robustness tests such as replacing variable measurements and excluding the impact of exclusive policies, as well as endogeneity treatment of instrumental variable estimation, the conclusion still holds. Results from unconditional quantile regression (UQR) reveal heterogeneous effects of DTU on household income, being more favorable for higher-income groups. Mechanism tests demonstrate that household income structure plays a crucial role, with digital technology influencing income disparity through its impact on operating income.

China has entered a period of ongoing COVID-19 prevention and control. However, imported cases, domestic resurgence and frequent mutations still place intense pressure on the country's COVID-19 prevention and control system. This paper introduces the wide application of data intelligence in the prevention and control of COVID-19, illustrating how data intelligence has contributed to efficient, targeted and scientific COVID-19 prevention and control, including early detection and warning systems, source control, transmission chain disruption and protection for vulnerable populations. This paper provides an insightful analysis of the shortcomings in the application of data intelligence and offers an approach to building a data intelligence-driven COVID-19 prevention and control platform and using data intelligence to enhance the capabilities of public health emergency response systems.

Land resources are important for millions of rural households in China. With the land tenure system reform and the trend of nonfarm employment, land transfer affects household income and consumption diversity significantly. Utilizing the data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) 2018, this study investigated the effects of land transfer on Chinese rural households’ consumption diversity, measured by the Simpson index. In order to mitigate the endogeneity problems caused by reverse causality and selection bias between farmers’ household land transfer decisions and consumption behavior, we employed the propensity score matching (PSM) method and instrumental variable (IV) method. Besides, the Shannon index was also used to measure consumption diversity for the robustness test. The results showed that the rural households who have transferred others’ land in would decrease their consumption diversity, while the households who have transferred their land out would increase their consumption diversity. Heterogeneity analysis showed that land transfer had different degrees of impact on rural households with different income groups and was more significant for low-income households. Specifically, compared with higher-income households, both the promotion effect of land transfer out and the inhibitory effect of land transfer on consumption diversity were more obvious for lower-income households.

Utilizing the data from China Rural Revitalization Survey (CRRS), this study analyzes the impact of digital inequality on income distribution. The findings reveal that digital inequality has a significant negative effect on household income, with a more pronounced inhibitory effect on low-income households. Additionally, digital inequality widens income inequality within households, with a more significant negative effect on the middle-income group. The further analysis suggests that households do not passively respond to the impact of digital inequality but rather improve their livelihood diversity, particularly for higher-income groups. Based on these results, this study suggests that attention should be given to the issue of inequality in the process of digital technology transformation. It recommends creating development opportunities through digital technology, expanding income-generating opportunities for households, enhancing the sense of economic well-being among economically disadvantaged households, and building a future of digitalization that is fair, inclusive, and sustainable.

China is the world’s largest importer of agricultural products. Stability of agricultural imports directly affects domestic food availability, and hence influences national food security. This study is important to gauge effects of uncertainty resulting from global and domestic economic policy changes on the stability component of food security in China. Though many studies have explored the determinants and consequences of Chinese agricultural trade, research focusing on stability of agricultural imports is lacking. To fill the gap, this study calculates duration length and survival probability of China’s agri-food imports, and estimates effects of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on the stability. Results show that trade duration of the agri-food imports is 12.07 months in China. However, 51.69% of disrupted trade relationships would resume after 2 months and 92.68% of temporarily interrupted trade relationships return to the market after 12 months. Empirical estimations show that global EPU has a larger impact on the stability of agricultural imports than Chinese EPU. Although Chinese EPU has heterogeneous effects on imports of different agri-food products in China, global EPU does not. Stabilized domestic food price and improved domestic agricultural productivity would improve stability of the imports significantly. The study concludes that China’s agricultural imports are less dynamic than previous studies claimed. However, EPU significantly erodes the trade stability. To offset negative effects of EPU on the stability, government should pay more attention on stabilizing domestic food price volatility and increasing food productivity, and therefore improve food security in China.

Cloud service has been emerging as a promising alternative to handle massive volumes of video sequences triggered by increasing demands on video service, especially surveillance and entertainment. Lossless compression of encoded video bitstreams can further eliminate the redundancies without altering the contents and facilitate the efficiency of cloud storage. In this paper, we propose a novel lossless compression scheme to further compress the video bitstreams generated by the state-of-the-art hybrid coding frameworks like H.264/AVC and HEVC. Different from transcoding, the proposed scheme develops frequency prediction and Macro Block (MB) merging to eliminate the redundancies remained in the intra-and inter-predicted frames with a strict guarantee of video fidelity. To our best knowledge, this paper is the first attempt to realize lossless compression of video bitstreams generated by advanced coding standards H.264/AVC and HEVC. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieve compression gains of 17.38% and 10.85% on standard test sequences and surveillance videos, respectively.

预期市场和政策环境的不稳定会引发企业投资行为的波动.本文采用斯坦福大学和芝加哥大学联合发布的"经济政策不确定性指数"和2007年第1季度至2019年第3季度沪深A股上市公司非平衡面板财务数据,分析了政策不确定性对农业企业投资行为的影响.研究发现,政策不确定性对企业投资行为存在明显的抑制效应,农业企业受到的影响远高于一般企业;融资约束理论比实物期权理论更加契合农业企业经营现状,对阐释政策不确定性对农业企业投资的抑制效应具有重要作用.因此,本文建议政府在制定针对农业企业投资的产业政策时,应注重政策连贯性与一致性,关注农业企业投资异质性与融资约束机制的差别,确保农业企业实现可持续发展.

This paper examines the role of endogenous capital accumulation in the interaction between trade and the environment in a two-country, two-sector model. Atomic households follow a simple rule of saving: higher the real interest rate, higher the saving rate is. In autarky, the real interest rate depends only on the quality of the environment, and investment provides a channel allowing for the trade-off between the amount of factor of production and the quality of the environment. In free trade, the real interest rate depends on i) terms of trade if the environmentally sensitive sector (agriculture) is shut down, or ii) both terms of trade and the quality of the environment if agriculture is still active. In either case, the real interest rate jumps right after trade liberalization due to terms of trade improvement, which boosts investment and causes capital accumulation. This scale effect dominates in the long run, causing environmental degradation even if the economy specializes in the relatively clean sector. Trade improves the total world consumption and the country preserving agriculture has relatively better environment in the long run.

Generative model has emerged as a disruptive alternative for lossy compression of natural images, but suffers from the low-fidelity reconstruction. In this paper, we propose a noise-to-compression variational antoencoder (NC-VAE) to achieve efficient rate-distortion optimization (RDO) for end-to-end optimized image compression with a guarantee of fidelity. The proposed NC-VAE improves rate-distortion performance by adaptively adjusting the distribution of latent variables with trainable noise perturbation. Consequently, high-efficiency RDO is developed based on the distribution of latent variables for simplified decoder. Furthermore, robust end-to-end learning is developed over the corrupted inputs to suppress the deformation and color drift in standard VAE based generative models. Experimental results show that NC-VAE outperforms the state-of-the-art lossy image coders and recent end-to-end optimized compression methods in low bit-rate region, i.e., below 0.2 bits per pixel (bpp).

This paper chooses a representative sample of college C, a non-governmental college located in western China, to analyze the characteristics and problems of classroom teaching in Chinese private colleges. One of the characteristics is that the quantity of teachers is basically met, yet featured with the imbalanced structure. The problems are as follows: lack of teachers’ role consciousness, motivation for self-development, teachers’ classroom awareness, personal and professional development ability, and teachers’ training consciousness. The reasons for them are: a disparity between philosophy of schooling and teaching attitudes; insufficient investment in teachers’ quality and a vacancy on teachers professional development; restricted capacity for improvement on teaching, resulted from the incompatible content of training with the training mode, and so on. In order to change the status quo, measures should be taken through the government’s support and social advocacy, with a focus on the renewal of management, and the remolding the idea of “teaching for the people”.

The Huangniliang site, located in the coastal province of Shandong, in North China, was excavated in 2013. Optically stimulated luminescence results show that the age of the deposits ranges from 59 to 54 ka, corresponding to the initial part of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3. This study introduces the detailed analyses of the stone artefacts from the site, and provides a review of the major Paleolithic sites dated to early MIS 3 in North China. Analyses of the Huangniliang lithic assemblage show that the principal flaking technique was direct hard-hammer percussion, but core preparations and systematic percussion are also present. A series of assemblages in North China show a diversified scenario before the Late Paleolithic (LP). Dominated by the simple flake-core tradition, lithic industries in northern China dated to 35–60 ka occasionally include a Mousterian-like industry, a macroblade technology, Acheulian-type large cutting tools, systematic percussion and diversified toolkits. Lithic technological organization expressed by systematic percussion and incipient organization on the land-use expressed by the organized acquisition of raw materials during early MIS 3 are indicators of behavioral complexity.

P2P网络借贷是一种借贷双方通过网络平台直接在线交易的新模式,在缓解中小企业融资难和发展"普惠金融"方面具有重要作用,但也存在平台"跑路"、提现困难等问题,影响金融安全.本文选用拍拍贷数据,运用Logistic模型分析了借款人有无认证、各种认证方式以及方式之间有效性的对比,最后结合实证结论提出政策建议.

In this paper, based on the urgent need for the development of green building in China, the sustainable development model of urban green building based on the concept of green construction was put forward. First of all, the concept of green construction and the role of stakeholders in urban green building were defined. The relationship between green construction and project stakeholders was combed and sought. The behavior of stakeholders in green construction was studied. And the importance of each other was clarified, and the sustainable development of urban green building was explored. Then, the human factors of sustainable development of urban green building under the concept of green construction were defined, and the game relationship between stakeholders was explored. Combined with the empirical study, the law of urban green building development and its internal relations were better explained. Finally, some suggestions were put forward for the sustainable development of urban green building.

Nanotechnology as a kind of new and high technology, it has many excellent properties. Physical education in college has become a new area for the application of Nanotechnology. This article adopts Literature Study, System Analysis and other research methods to describe the main aspects of Nanotechnology. Through studying from scientific training, equipment and facilities, sports injury and nutrition supplements, sports fatigue and recovery, instruments and equipment for sports scientific research, etc., this paper discusses the prospect on application of Nanotechnology in the training of college students major in physical education, to promote the rapid development of physical education in colleges.

The terrorism and security instability have been remained major obstacles in FDI inflows and economic growth in Pakistan for many years. The economy of Pakistan has suffered economic losses due to multiple factors such as security instability, poor law and order situation, energy crises, corruption, and political instability. However recently the economic situation is moving towards the betterment and foreign investment is gradually enhancing in the country, in fact these all changes are the result of new policy reforms especially in security policy which has brought positive results in the country. The policy makers are anticipating that these positive changes will lead the country towards the sustainable development and economic stability. The China-Pakistan economic corridor is one of solid evidence that foreign investors have got confidence to invest in Pakistan. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the impacts of current security stability actions like Operation Zarb-e-Azb (army operation) and National Action Plan on foreign direct investment inflows and economic growth in Pakistan. We will analyze the Data of related economic indicators like, GDP and foreign direct investment inflows before and after these security actions. The outcomes of this analysis will give a clear clue that how far security stability can influence the FDI inflows and economic growth in the country. Keywords: Operation Zarb-e-Azb, National Action Plan, Security stability, FDI inflows, Economic Growth.

In the construction industry, the construction quality and safety attract a widespread attention, and such problems are also critical in this industry. The acceleration of urbanization in our country results in ever-increasing construction problems, among which crack and leakage are more common. Thus, architectural technicians are required to apply the grouting technology for the work execution, pay attention to material quality problem concerning the grouting technology, and introduce newly-emerging techniques. On the basis of studying the grouting technology involved in architectural and civil engineering, this paper analyzes the characteristics of various construction technologies and put forward several strategies about application of grouting technology, to provide reference for relevant personnel.

In order to solve a kind of electric heating pipe electrode production and power adjustable, designed a kind of adjustable power of electric heating pipe electrode preparation equipment.The equipment is mainly used to test technology, PLC control technology and coating technology.First, selected on the basis of the PLC,the mechanism design, design the hardware control circuit, finally a port of the PLC wiring design.The results show that compared with the traditional production compared to heat pipe machine, the device not only high production efficiency and quality index, but also can produce many kinds of products[1].

More memories will be required in a future server as the number of cores per microprocessor keeps growing, which means either the capacity of a memory chip or the number of memory chips connected to a microprocessor needs to catch up with the increasing core counts. With electrical interconnects between microprocessor and memories, layout and placement of memory chips around the microprocessor becomes a bottleneck. Optical interconnects will solve this problem by putting memory chips further away from a microprocessor. We investigate in this paper the performance of a computer with optically connected remote memory instead of electrically connected local memory, and verified that an operating system can successfully run with only optically connected memory. The experimental results demonstrated the feasibility of utilizing optically connected remote memory as memory instead of storage as discussed mostly in the literature.