According to the shrimp survey data of four seasonal months in the northeast Fujian outer-sea（26°00′~28°00′N,120°00′~125°30′E） in May,August,November of 2008 and February of 2009,this paper studied and analyzed the quantitative distribution and biological characteristics of Trachypenaeus curvirostris.The results showed that the quantitative distribution was obvious different in the seasons and the waters.The population in August was the most and the ratio of catch in total crabs catch was 60.2%,the average density of resource was 614.5 g/h and 144.7 ind/h,while May was the less.The area of high biomass density occurs in the waters at depth of 60 m,the ratio of its catch in total crabs catch was 65.8%,and the average density of resource were 1119.2 g/h and 214.7 ind/h;the body length varied between 47 and 120 mm,the dominant were between 60 and 85 mm,occupying 68.6%;the female was obvious larger than the male with the sex ratio 1∶ 0.42,the average body weight was 6.4 g and 3.2 g respectively;the mature degree of the female was dominated by Ⅱ and Ⅲ stage,accounting for 44.7% and 43.8%;the feeding intensity was middling;the average resources capacity was 684 t.

The paper firstly analysed the scientific research status and developing trend of the fishing capture and fishery resource subjects in the investigations and estimation of the ocean fishery resources, the protection and management of the fishery resources, the renovation of the ocean zoology and the resume of the fishery resources. Then discussed the most problems of the overage fishing, the bad selectivity of fishing gears, the increasing decline of the fishery resources etc.. Lastly, the paper proposed these scientific research subjects of the suitable fishing force, the selectivity of fishing gears, the estimating effect of break off fishing in summer.

Based on the data of shrimp and crab resource surveyed in May,August,November 2008 and February 2009 in the northern Taiwan Striat,this paper analyzed the quantitative distribution and biological characteristics of Solenocera koelbeli,and assessed its resources by using the density-area method.The results showed that the average resource density was 415.1g/h,and the average resource density in May,August,November and February were 801.0g/h,491.3g/h,299.1g/h and 69.0g/h,respectively.The main water layers of habitat were found in depth of 60～120m in outer-sea,the dominant layers of distribution were in depth of 80～100m.The body length was between 36 and 113mm,the dominant range was between 45 and 75mm.The body weight was between 0.6 and 16.3g,the dominant range was between 2.0 and 6.0g.The quantity of female was obviously more than that of male,and with a sex ratio of 1∶0.79.The breeding periods were between June and November.Its food taking grade in the mass was 1-2.The resources assessment was 0.1059×104t,and it was 0.2044×104 t in May,0.1254×104t in August,0.0763×104t in November and 0.0176×104t in February.

Xiamen-Kinmen sea area is very rich in the natural resources,which is a common fishing ground by both Xiamen and Kinmen fishers. In recent years,the fishery resources decline continuously and marine biodiversity has been damaged and the marine ecology is getting worse with the economic development of both shores. Therefore,it is essential for both sides to work together to carry out the conservation of marine ecology in this water range. The paper firstly analyzed the basic situation of the marine living resources and the conservation of the fishery resources in this sea area that have been undertaken by Xiamen and Kinmen in recent years,Then the investigation on marine environmental quality and fishery production status,the enhancing and releasing,fish habitat rebuilding and designation of fishery resources protection area with cross-Strait cooperation were proposed.

According to the four seasonal months investigation data of crab resources in south East China Sea(26°00′-28°00′N,120°00′-125°30′E)from 1998 to 1999 and 2008 to 2009,and combining with relevant data of fishery resources investigation in the northeast Fujian outer-sea from 1989 to 1990,this paper studied and analyzed the species composition,quantitative distribution and main species change of crabs in the area.The results showed that 66 species were identified,which belonged to 15 families and 39 genuses.The biomass of crabs in 1998 and 1999 reduced considerably compared with that of 2008 and 2009,the total catch declined 9.8% and the CPUE declined 36.2%.The crab biomass of two investigations both showed the highest in Spring and Summer,but their main species were different,the catch of Ovalipes punctatus was absolute dominant from 1998 to 1999 and was lower from 2008 to 2009,it was replaced by Charybdis feriatus and Charybdis bimaculata,the catch percent of other species such as Calappa lophos,Portunus argentatus and Charybdis miles didn't change obviously.The biomass was higher in water depth within 60 m from 2008 to 2009,which was closely related to the distribution area of Charybdis bimaculata,but this was different from 1998 to 1999.The reason for the considerable biomass reduction of Ovalipes punctatus still needs further research and investigation.

Based on data of shrimp resources of four seasonal months in 2008-2009 and 1998-1999 in the southern part of East China Sea(26°00′-28°00′N,120°00′-125°30′E),the characteristics of species composition,geographical and faunal distribution,and changes of quantitative distribution of shrimps were analyzed.The results showed that: there were 14 families,25 genera,44 species in this fishing ground,and the shrimps were dominated by tropical and subtropical warm-water species,belonging to sino-japan subregion of Indian-west Pacific Ocean fauna,closely related to South China Sea,and estranged with the Yellow sea and Bohai sea.The temporal-spatial distribution of shrimps had obvious differences,meaning that resource density index of shrimps in southeast and along 27°45′N sea areas were higher in spring and summer,lowest in winnter.Meanwhile,shrimp quantitative distribution was closely related to water depth: the largest quantity existed in 80-100 m deep areas,obvisouly related to distribution waters of Metapenaeopsis longirostris and Parapenaeu fissures.About 10 species of shrimps had economical value of development and utilization,with Metapenaeopsis longirostris and Parapenaeu fissures playing a dominant role in fisheries yeild.

The Weitou Bay,with wide mouth open to the Taiwan Strait,is located in the middle of Fujian Province.From March 2004 to February 2005,the netting test panels,which were made of black netting of PA210D/26×3-60 fixed on rigid frame of 50 cm,were laid down in the open ocean cage aquaculture area of the Weitou Bay in order to examine the settlement and status of fouling organisms.154 species were recorded with the dominants of Ceramium tennuissmun,Tubularia mesembryanthemum,Caprella equilibra in spring and Balanus reticulates in summer.The monthly average biomass of fouling organisms was 449.42 g/m~(2) in the depth of 1 m and 580.25 g/m~(2) in 4.5 m,and the highest amount appeared in April and March respectively.The seasonal average biomass was 3 142.30 g/m~(2) in the depth of 1 m and 6 030.97 g/m~(2) in 4.5 m,and the highest amount occurred in spring and summer respectively.The fouling organisms in open ocean cage area occurred throughout the year but is much different from the inner bay,where the biomass of Ceramium tennuissmun,Tubularia mesembryanthemum,Caprella equilibra and Balanus were much smaller than that in the open ocean cage culture area.

本文从渔业在大农业中所占的地位,论述了在新农村建设中发展渔业经济的重要性;从水产养殖、水产捕捞和水产品加工等方面分析了渔业发展存在的制约因素,提出了建设立体型养殖模式,发展“负责任”水产捕捞业、重视“清洁加工”、提高资源的有效利用率等发展生态渔业、推进环境友好型新渔村建设的一些思路。

The spot experiments and theory calculation of underwater intensity of illumination distribution of gathering-fish lamp on light-fishing vessel were carried out.The level and vertical diffusion of different power light were analyzed and compared.The suitable fishing performance of intensity of illumination of different power on pelagic fish,for example,Decapterus maruadsi,Pneumatophorus japonicus and Cephalopod,were discussed.The results show that the intensity of illumination was constantly lowered since the light was influenced by medium when it was flatly and vertically diffused.However,the light with larger power was more tardily lessened and it was diffused underwater more extension and more deepness.Since Decapterus maruadsi, Pneumatophorus japonicus and Cephalopod have phototaxy under shimmer,the effect of light with more power on gathering fish is better.However,with the distance increasing,the advantage of light with more power is reduced gradually.

In order to develop the marine capture fisheries continuously,the tactics of “negative increment” of fishing catches should be carried out and the present marine capture fisheries structure should be adjusted.With the reduction of catches and changes of catches species,the economic results will be impacted.It is knotty problem to keep the increment of marine fisheries economy continuously under the catches reduction.The paper firstly analyzed the influence of “negative increment” of fishing catches and adjustment of marine capture fisheries on fisheries economic results,and then presented the countermeasure and thinking to develop the marine fishing economy after adjusting marine capture fisheries.

In this paper,the biological materials of marine fisheries resources and production data were collected by the research group organized by Marine and Fisheries Department of Fujian province from 1999 to 2002. The fisheries structure and main fish population were analyzed,the primary productivity was calculated,the carbon rates of phytoplankton and zooplankton,the trophic levels of the main species such as fishes, shrimp, crabs and cephalopads were tested and examined and the ecological efficiency was measured. The nutrient dynamic models and Cushing model were used to estimate the potential resources. Meanwhile, the Cadima model and the simple model of MSY were also used to assess the maximum sustainable yield of fishery resources. The results show that the potential resources are 250.34×10~ 4 t and MSYs of fishery resources are 136.98×10~ 4 t in this marine region. However, the actual fishing catch in 2000 was 217.2×10~ 4 t which was more 80.22×10~ 4 t than the surplus yields of assessment results. In order to utilize marine fisheries continuously, the fishing activities must be kept from over fishing and the rule of fishing limit quota should be put into practice.

21 century is ocean century. However, since excess utilization of fishery resources, environment pollution and climate warming, the marine fishery resource is declined and the capture fishery has met puzzle. The capture fishery subject, one of the important subjects in marine fisheries researched traditionally, is how to adapt the phase development, develop the research field and start a new phase, which is faced with a problem. The paper presents some constructive opinions about the development of marine capture fishery through probing into the developing actuality, involved field, developing direction of marine capture fishery in China and updating knowledge.

From 2000 to 2001, the composition of species of necton was investigated in Taiwan Strait and its adjacent waters. The results show that there are of necton 497 in the waters, among them, fish 367, crustacean 102, cephalopoda 28. The number of species is more in the lower latitude, but less in the higher latitude. And that the fish fauna belongs to the sub-fauna of China Japan of the Indian-Pacific Ocean.The seasonal variations of number species were autumn summer spring winter.The seasonal variations of relative biomass index and relative density index were summer spring autumn winter. And the relative density index were summer spring autumn winter. The dominant species of relative biomass index were Loligo chinensis and Acropoma japonicum, respectively.The stations monthly mean relative biomass index were 8.149(17 Station) to 72.679 kg·h-1 per haul(23 Station) ,toal average was 27.089 kg·h-1 per haul. Monthly mean relative biomass index of Minnan-Taiwan shoal Fishing Ground Minzhong Fishing Ground Mindong Fishing Ground. Monthly mean relative density index were 320(13 Station) to 6 357 ind·h-1 per haul(30 Station), total average were 436 ind·h-1 per haul. Monthly mean relative density index of Minnan-Taiwan shoal Fishing Ground Mindong Fishing Ground Minzhong Fishing Ground.The structure of fishery resources and the variations of composition of species and fishery resource states and the developed level are analysed.

It was reported here that the cage construction, in which the main structure was softened by using rope made from PVA to bear and transmit the force from waves, and the experiment result in its withstanding force from waves induced by typho on. The entire system of the cage maintained intact on the whole, under the dire ct attack of the 9914 typhoon, the return period of which was nearly for 50 year s in the south of Fujian province, this fact showed the cage has an outstanding performance in withstanding the force from sea waves. According to the prelimina ry analysis of the environment of the experiment area, it is concluded that this type of cage can be used in most of the offshore aquaculture of Fujian province under the circumstance of a return period of 10 years of typhoon.

首先对诱鱼灯光场进行计算,并分析其对光诱鱿鱼浮拖网作业的影响,据此合理配置了灯光强度及其布局,探讨了一套较有效的光诱导渔方法.根据鱿鱼的趋光习性及浮拖网的特点,设计了适应在较深渔场作业的光诱浮拖网渔具,并成功地试验了光诱鱿鱼浮拖网柔性网板;取得了良好的社会生态效益和经济效益.

The experiment product results of fishing gear ＆ methods of light-pelagic trawl for catching squids are as follows: in the 86 night experiments of 1998,the product of squids is 12.47 t which occupied 37.5％ of the total product, and the total product is 5.1％ higher than the average total product of liftnet with light-fishing; in the 80 night experiments of 1999,the product of squids is 31.92 t which occupied 58.4％ of the total product, and the total product is 19.76％ higher than the average total product of liftnet with light-fishing and the ratio of input to output is 1∶ 1.684.The experiment results show that light-pelagic trawl is a good fishing gear for catching squids. Besides, the influence and suitability of lamp numbers above sea surface, specification of fishing gear and flexible otter-board to catch effect and biology of fishing target are also discussed in this paper. Finally, the author suggests that the standardization of lamp numbers and its distribution should be made in order to make rational and sustainable use of resources of squids.

The utility model discloses a sink-float style anti stormy waves breeding net cage, belonging to the technical field of breading and breading construction of the aquatic product industry, and provides a sink-float style net cage which realizes automatic balance of a net cage through the air-actuated technology. The utility model comprises a net cage framework, net clothes (5), a sinking-force component (8), and a fixedly berthing device which are fixedly connected on the framework, and is characterized in that a fixed buoyancy device-a fixed buoyancy cavity (30), a buoyancy changeable cavity (31) and a buoyancy changeable float bowl (7) which are driven by an air compressor are arranged on the net cage frame, the fixed buoyancy cavity (30) and the buoyancy changeable cavity (31) are formed by a plurality of baffle boards (13) which divide an inner-outer circular pipe of a buoyancy ring (4), and the buoyancy changeable float bowl (7) is arranged at the lower portion of a bottom framework (6) and is connected by a steel rope (27). The utility model has the advantages of strong anti stormy waves performance, flexible and changeable breeding style, short sinking and floating time, simple operation, convenient maintenance, and only one air compressor is needed to realize automatic and balanced sinking and floating of the net cage.