针对当前中国农业建设项目评估方法不健全、没有充分体现农业特点和缺乏定量评估指标等问题.本研究以服务于政府机构、服务项目建设单位和便于行业内部交流为目标,坚持指标选取的全面性、代表性、可比性和科学性的原则,采取层次分析法和综合打分法构建了一套农业建设项目评估方法,其中一级指标包括技术、组织管理、市场与需求、社会与生态、财务和经济5部分内容,二级指标包括项目建设背景分析等12部分内容.所有评估指标和内容都体现在一张打分表中,评估内容一目了然,让评审专家有章可循,提高了评审效率.

美国农业项目贷款主要特点为：一是严格限定贷款扶贫、扶弱的主基调，突显公益性；二是细分贷款类别，差异化管理贷款金额和利率，限定用途，提高资金使用效率，保证公平；三是简化贷款流程，加强申报辅导，减轻农民负担。美国的做法为中国国家扶持的农业项目贷款体系建设提供了有益借鉴。

As an important instrumentality in the earlier stage of project construction, the feasibility study of agri-cultural construction project was a systematic and scientific research method for the project investment decision. This paper introduced the connotation of agricultural construction project feasibility study, summarized its work stage and the main contents, analyzed the main problems, and finally put forward the countermeasures on how to improve agricultural construction project feasibility study and enhance the role of feasibility study report in invest-ment decision which had become the focus attention of the government, agribusiness and industry associations. The results showed that the processes of agricultural construction project feasibility study included initial planning, data collecting, analysis and preparation of feasibility study report. The main contents should include project profiles, construction background, market demand analysis, the construction unit, scale and product solutions, the project site, technology and equipment selection, building program and content, environmental protection and energy sav-ing and safety production, organization, management and implementation progress, investment estimation and sources of funding, benefit analysis, and so on. There were still many difficulties and problems in feasibility studies of agricultural construction projects, for example, emphasis on the feasibility study was insufficient, the feasibility studies was not correlation with national industrial policy planning, project feasibility studies were not standardized and unscientific, and professional advisory bodies of agricultural construction projects were few. To improve the fea-sibility study of agricultural construction project, the following aspects were needed, i. e. , enhancing the recogni-tion level of agricultural construction project feasibility study, promoting the link with national industrial policy and enterprise development planning, improving the quality of agricultural construction project feasibility study and reg-ulating project analysis consulting industry and fostered project analysis personnel.

一、我国农产品干燥加工业发展状况<br>　　我国目前是世界上水果和蔬菜等产量最大的国家。据统计，2012年，我国园林水果总产量超过1.51亿t，蔬菜总产量7.08亿t。因此，果蔬等农产品干制已经成为农产品加工、增值的一种重要手段。但与发达国家相比，我国农产品的干制品比例仍比较低。以美国为例：洋葱、大蒜、葡萄干等干制品加工量分别占其收获量的20%、80%、25%；其农产品加工前后的平均产值比可达1：3.8，农产品的产后损失仅为1.7%～5%。据初步统计，我国目前脱水蔬菜的加工量仅占总产量的10%左右，果品的干制品比例就更低，农产品加工前后的平均产值比仅为1：1.9。但近几年来我国果蔬等农产品干燥加工业发展迅速，特别是国家农业部农产品加工局成立以来，不仅加强了管理和引导，而且加大了投入，使得我国果蔬等农产品干燥加工业迎来了一个大发展的机会。

Agricultural engineering is one of important contents for modern agriculture.Agricultural engineering construction standard is a technological measure to implement the goal for the agricultural engineering construction.Agricultural engineering construction standard system is a programmatic document for constructing and revising standards and standardization of agricultural engineering.On the basis of national standard system and engineering construction standard system,the paper proposed the standard system infrastructure of agricultural engineering construction,and it was pointed out that the composition of the standard system should abide by the principle of overall planning and all round consideration and break through term by term.And the standard system should include the farmland infrastructure construction,agricultural production capacity construction and agricultural production facilities construction.The standard system infrastructure of agricultural engineering construction can be described with hierarchical structures and three-dimensional coordinates,so as to provide a basis for guiding the agricultural standardization construction.

<正>引言芦荟是一种古老的植物,其综合利用却是一个新兴的产业。委内瑞拉法肯州气候环境非常适宜芦荟的生长,当地农民种植芦荟已有悠久的历史。国际上,芦荟被普遍认为是健康植物,被广泛用于食品加工、化妆品、药品生产的原材料,芦荟产品的需求在国际市场上日趋增长,全球芦荟产品的产值每年超过30亿美元。

农产品干燥是农品加工的一个重要环节,粮食等许多农产品在加工过程中都需要进行干燥加工处理,干燥加工处理的好坏又直接影响农产品的质量.

<正>农产品干燥是农产品加工的一个重要环节,粮食等许多农产品在加工过程中都需要进行干燥加工处理,干燥加工处理的好坏又直接影响农产品的质量。改革开放以来,我国在农产品干燥技术领域取得了巨大的发展,无论是理论研究、装备开发,还是自动化控制技术等都取得了巨

Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) is an important task to avoid or decrease the eco-environmental impact from the source of planning. It is still in the beginning stage of exploration and summarizing experience in China. Especially agricultural strategic environmental assessment, because of its wide range, great extent, multiple projects and strong comprehensiveness, etc, is more complex than that in other industries. So, the agricultural SEA is at the very beginning stage of study only on how to carry out it. The significance, basic ideas and methodology, requirements of agricultural strategic environmental assessment are investigated and concluded, which will be the reference to the following study in the future.

我国开展农业规划环评工作处于起步阶段,可借鉴的案例和经验比较少。农业规划涉及的地域广、影响面宽,农业项目对生态环境系统、资源、社会稳定性及经济结构变化的影响具有累积性和潜在性,这都决定了农业规划环境影响评价的复杂性。本文根据《规划环境影响评价技术导则》,结合相关论文及其他行业案例,提出农业规划环评的七个方面主要内容及采用相应方法。

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">横流式谷物干燥机，由于具有结构较为简单，故障率较低，使用寿命长等特点，是世界上设计较早，使用时间较长的干燥机型之一。但同时也存在着较大的不足，为了克服这些不足，本文介绍了新研究发明的换向通风横流式干燥工艺及其机型的结构原理，并运用CGDSP计算机谷物干燥综合模拟程序进行了优化设计，使横流式干燥机干燥工艺上了一个新台阶，对横流式干燥机的继续发展和应用起到了推动作用。</span>