"十三五"时期,我国易地扶贫搬迁建设任务已经全面完成,为解决区域性整体贫困打下了坚实的基础.当前,我国已进入加大后续扶持力度,巩固拓展易地扶贫搬迁成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的阶段.随着搬迁群众空间位移和社会环境的变化,他们也面临着生计方式改变、社会关系断裂与重建、社区治理结构变迁、社会融入等诸多问题,严重制约了安置区社区管理转型和良性发展.为此,文章在总结我国易地扶贫搬迁综合成效和社区治理进展的基础上,就如何强化安置区社会治理体系建设,培育搬迁群众社区共同体意识,增强归属感和向心力,促进社会融入,最终实现易地扶贫搬迁社区的内生化发展,提出了具体的路径选择.

易地扶贫搬迁是我国新时期"五个一批"精准扶贫工程的重要组成部分.通过实施易地扶贫搬迁,迁出地生态环境逐步好转,搬迁群众的生产生活条件得到改善.经过系统梳理和回顾,现有的文献研究主要集中于易地扶贫搬迁的理论、发展演变和影响因素;搬迁农户的搬迁意愿、识别问题及搬迁后农户的生计问题;搬迁政策的效果评价、政策执行、困境及对策等方面.今后一段时期的研究还应该聚焦于后脱贫攻坚期如何有效对接乡村振兴战略,提升边缘农户的生计水平,以及持续推进生态宜居搬迁等方面.

"十三五"时期我国易地扶贫搬迁建设任务的全面完成,为解决区域性整体贫困打下了坚实的基础.目前,我国已进入到加大后续扶持力度,巩固拓展易地扶贫搬迁成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的阶段.随着空间位移和社会环境的变化,搬迁群众也面临着生计方式改变、社会关系的断裂与重建、社区治理结构变迁、社会融入等诸多问题,严重制约了安置区社区的管理转型和良性发展.建议强化安置区社会治理体系建设,培育搬迁群众社区共同体意识,增强归属感和向心力,促进社会融入,最终实现易地扶贫搬迁社区的内生化发展.

易地扶贫搬迁是我国新时期"五个一批"精准扶贫工程的重要组成部分."十三五"时期,全国已经完成了对生存在"一方水土养不起一方人"地区的约1000万建档立卡贫困人口的搬迁安置工作.通过实施易地扶贫搬迁,迁出地生态环境逐步好转,搬迁群众的生产生活条件得到改善.经过系统梳理和回顾,现有的文献研究主要集中于易地扶贫搬迁的理论、发展演变和影响因素;搬迁农户的搬迁意愿、识别问题及搬迁后农户的生计问题;搬迁政策的效果评价、政策执行、困境及对策等方面.今后一段时期的研究,还应聚焦于如何有效对接乡村振兴战略,提升边缘农户的生计水平以及持续推进生态宜居搬迁等方面.

易地扶贫搬迁是落实精准扶贫、精准脱贫基本方略的重要途径,对实现现行标准下农村贫困人口的脱贫目标具有重要意义.以甘肃省临夏回族自治州和甘南藏族自治州两个具有代表性的民族地区为例,对易地扶贫搬迁的政策效果进行评估.研究发现:当前易地扶贫搬迁政策在执行过程中还存在旧房拆除和宅基地复垦进展缓慢、住房面积的标准不统一、脱贫措施不够精准、农户间政策差距较大等问题.因此,下一步要从提高搬迁质量、完善工作机制、制定后续发展路径、加强与乡村振兴战略相结合等方面来增强易地扶贫搬迁的政策效果.

易地扶贫搬迁是落实精准扶贫精准脱贫基本方略的重要途径,对实现现行标准下农村贫困人口的脱贫目标具有重要意义。本文以甘肃省临夏州和甘南州两地为例,就"十三五"时期以来易地扶贫搬迁的进展情况、主要做法与成效,以及存在的主要问题进行了分析,并对今后如何进一步推进和完善易地扶贫搬迁工作提出了相应的对策建议。

针对当前中国农业建设项目评估方法不健全、没有充分体现农业特点和缺乏定量评估指标等问题.本研究以服务于政府机构、服务项目建设单位和便于行业内部交流为目标,坚持指标选取的全面性、代表性、可比性和科学性的原则,采取层次分析法和综合打分法构建了一套农业建设项目评估方法,其中一级指标包括技术、组织管理、市场与需求、社会与生态、财务和经济5部分内容,二级指标包括项目建设背景分析等12部分内容.所有评估指标和内容都体现在一张打分表中,评估内容一目了然,让评审专家有章可循,提高了评审效率.

美国农业项目贷款主要特点为：一是严格限定贷款扶贫、扶弱的主基调，突显公益性；二是细分贷款类别，差异化管理贷款金额和利率，限定用途，提高资金使用效率，保证公平；三是简化贷款流程，加强申报辅导，减轻农民负担。美国的做法为中国国家扶持的农业项目贷款体系建设提供了有益借鉴。

Based on changing trend of Chinese corn overall demand trend and demand structure of the,the trend of Chinese corn supply and demand was estimated using the forecast method of average growth rate.The results showed that by the year 2020,China domestic corn consumption was about 260 million tons,feed consumption was about 177 million tons,food and other consumption was about 76.26 million tones.China has 0.37 million hm2 corn planting area,250 million tons corn production,and 6855 kg per hectare.Even so,there will be an approximate 10 million tons gap between the supply and demand.The main conclusion was that Chinese corn tight balance will become the normal state,and the growth of industrial corn demand should be continuously limited.As population growth and cultivated land and water shortages,we had little room for expand cultivated land to increase corn production.At the same time;corn yield in China was also higher than the world average.Only by combination of technical progress with the improvement of agricultural production conditions,or with increase investment of agricultural infrastructure,the corn output will possibly raised.

近年来,随着人口增长和经济发展,我国大豆、玉米、棉花、糖类等大宗农产品呈现出短缺趋势.未来10年,在经济全球化和粮食安全的大背景下,解决这一问题需要在国内外市场的联系中寻求供需平衡的对策. 一、大宗农产品供求缺口及趋势 (一)玉米 2009年之前我国为玉米净出口国,之后连续3年成为玉米净进口国.2011年,我国玉米总消费量达16950万吨,总产量16500万吨,均占世界的近20％,玉米的供需缺口达450万吨.

退牧还草工程实施中存在一些问题,如退牧还草工程区外草原退化趋势尚未得到有效遏制、治理力度与实际需求差距大、工程建设内容单一、补助标准偏低。应进一步扩大工程范围,按现行价格适度提高建设补贴标准,延长补贴期限。

Henan province is the major grain producing area of China,as well as one of main traditional flower producing areas. It is an effective way to increase farmers' incomes through using special resources to develop characteristic agriculture,which can simultaneously insure food production target. Therefore,based on the present situation,existing problems and opportunities,the paper puts forward some countermeasures on the development of flower industry,such as upgrading flower structure,developing special varieties of flowers,optimizing the layout of the flower industry,making industry cluster effect,expanding flower industry chain,exploiting north-south transition zone geographic advantage,innovating flower industry organization modes and so on.

从市场与技术角度对种子行业状况进行分析,包括品种结构与区域布局、种子技术前景与水平等,总结了我国国内上市公司、外商投资企业和国际贸易企业等种子企业的现状,探讨了大型种子企业的总体发展思路、主要突破方向、生产经营策略和内部资源配置等。

After a brief overview of the world's flower production and marketing of basic development trends,the paper analyzes on China's total flower production and marketing trends over the past decade.In contrast with foreign consumer flower's demands,the paper analyzes the changes in consumer demands in China's flower market.On the analysis of the flowers total development trends,the paper analyzes the economic efficiency of the flower industry in China,and further analyzes the main reasons the economic efficiency of China's flower industry is not high enough.The main conclusions are analyzed.

The thesis applies positive analysis,analyzing the state of rural poverty in developing regions in China,giving some suggestions on the governmental countermeasures of antipoverty about the developing regions in China:promoting the general development of developing regions,speeding up the actions of antipoverty;building multi-aspected system of antipoverty by combining development,which is the main means,relief and social security;bringing market systerm into play,adjusting the aim of investment;combining material antipoverty and spiritual antipoverty.

Based on Panel Data model,this paper analyzes the influence of educational level of farmer on farmer's income through Grange causality test,and compares the influence of regional factors on farmer's income.And it draws concludes that educational level of farmer is the Granger reason of the change of farmer's income,and there exists stable balance relationship between educational level of farmer and famer's income in the long term.

以西部12省(区)为研究对象,分析认为,区域新农村建设面临的主要问题是过载的人口和脆弱的生态系统遏制了资源优势、人文贫困甚于收入贫困、农村及农用基础设施更薄弱,农业投入产出水平较低与自我积累能力差、投资更为不足。优势则包括政策、农业资源和农业生产结构比较优势。据此提出区域新农村建设的现代农业、基础设施、资金集聚模式。

本文以中国西部12省为研究对象,在工业反哺农业、统筹城乡发展的新农村建设框架中,分析了我国西部欠发达地区二元结构的特征:城乡收入及地区间农民纯收入差距大、农民工资性收入比重低、人文贫困甚于收入贫困等,这些问题的成因主要为资源型重工业约束及传统农业制约、人口生态问题、区域自我积累与投资水平制约。据此讨论了区域新农村建设中二元结构转换的有效途径,诸如给予更大力度的支持、在产业布局中加强政府宏观调控等。

Applying cluster analysis, paper analyses economy index of provinces, defines that 13 provinces in west are less developed regions of China. The status of rural economy of less developed regions is analyzed,the achievement and seven insufficiencies are analyzed in period of the Tenth Five-year Plan too.Some suggestions on policy of developing less developed regions in China are given.Those suggestions are necessary demand of promoting economic growth of less developed regions, and effective measures to build harmonious society and narrow regional difference.

一、农业高新技术产业化中存在的问题 虽然我国农业高新技术产业化取得一定成就,但与发达国家相比还相差较远,农业高新技术产业化处于起步阶段,发展水平低,潜力巨大.