The synergistic relation among land resources, water resources, and food production plays a crucial role in sustainable agricultural development. This research constructs a coupling coordination assessment system of the land–water–food (LWF) nexus from 2005 to 2020 for 31 provinces (municipal cities, autonomous regions) in China, and explores the current development status of land, water, and food systems at multiple scales as well as the coupling coordination characteristics of the LWF nexus. The exploring spatial data analysis and spatial Tobit model are used to explain the spatial correlations and influencing factors of coupling coordination development on the LWF nexus. On that basis, the gray GM (1,1) model is used to forecast the future development of the LWF nexus in China. The results show that the comprehensive development indexes of the land system, water system, food system, and LWF nexus are on the rise, but the land system lags behind the water system and food system. The coupling coordination degree of the LWF nexus in different regions ranges from 0.538 to 0.754, and the coupling coordination development of the LWF nexus in China has reached the preliminary coupled coordination type, with an evolutionary process similar to that of its comprehensive development level. Further empirical research shows that there is a significant positive spatial correlation between coupling coordination development levels for the LWF nexus in China. The level of urbanization and agricultural industry agglomeration have negative effects, while economic development, ecological environment, and scientific and technological progress have positive effects. The prediction results indicate that the coupling coordination degree of the LWF nexus in China will show a stable upward trend from 2024 to 2025, and most provinces will reach the intermediate coupled coordination type in 2025. This study can inform decision-making for policy-makers and practitioners and enrich the knowledge hierarchy of the LWF nexus’ sustainable development on the national and regional scales.

The comprehensive reform of agricultural water prices is an important component of China’s agricultural water conservation strategy and is highly important for ensuring national water security and sustainable agricultural development. Given the difficulty in raising water prices due to the limited carrying capacity of farmers in the reform, there is a pressing need to consider the implementation of agricultural water price sharing as a potentially viable strategy. Based on the grain production data from 2000 to 2018, the proportion of agricultural water prices borne by farmers and governments in different regions were calculated via the C-D production function method and the “Mitchell scoring + Expert scoring” method in the study. The results revealed that the average sharing coefficient of irrigation benefits for grain crops in China is 0.245. The sharing proportion of agricultural water prices for farmers in seven major geographical regions are ranked as follows: Northwest China (0.467) > Central China (0.427) > Southwest China (0.389) > Northeast China (0.358) > North China (0.319) > East China (0.312) > South China (0.163), while the sharing proportion of the government is 0.533, 0.573, 0.611 0.642, 0.681, 0.688, and 0.837. We proposed a systematic approach that directly ties cost distribution to the benefits received, and determined the proportion of agricultural water prices shared by farmers and governments, which is in line with the farmers’ economic interests and psychological demands. Furthermore, suggestions were proposed regarding the implementation of a rational agricultural water price-sharing policy.

China has implemented policies like Leading areas for Agricultural Green Development (LAGD) to mitigate livestock and poultry farming pollution while promoting industry growth. However, it remains uncertain whether LAGDs have successfully balanced emission reduction with stable development. This study examines 165 LAGDs to analyze changes in emissions, assess the decoupling of emission reduction from output value, and identify influencing factors. Findings reveal that emissions from livestock and poultry in LAGDs initially increased and then decreased between 2010 and 2019. Cattle were responsible for over 40% of fecal emissions, and pigs for more than 20%. Additionally, pigs contributed to over 61% of urine emissions. From 2010 to 2014, increases in chemical oxygen demand were mainly due to pigs and cattle. Total nitrogen levels were significantly impacted by cattle, while pigs were affected by total phosphorus. From 2014 to 2019, reductions in emissions were largely attributed to a decrease in pig-related pollutants. The decoupling status shifted from strong to weak and then back to strong between 2014 and 2019. Production efficiency played a crucial role in reducing emissions, while changes in industrial structure moved from supporting to hindering this reduction. Economic development was a primary factor in driving these changes. Standard emissions in Chinese regions showed a rising and then declining trend from 2010 to 2019. The Northeast and Northwest regions of China demonstrated emission trends that were in sync with the growth in rural income. This study offers insights into the successes and challenges of LAGDs in achieving a balance between reduced emissions and development, using quantitative analysis. The findings are instrumental in informing policies for a sustainable livestock and poultry industry. Recommendations include evaluating coordinated approaches to pollution reduction and industrial growth, setting decoupling goals, designing policies based on influential factors, conducting regional assessments of livestock and poultry demand, and implementing region-specific strategies.

In China, the urgent need to formulate food policies that address both nutritional health and climate challenges has become increasingly apparent. This study constructs a theoretical framework and a multi-objective programming model that takes into account income disparities, aiming to delineate a sustainable healthy diet for Chinese residents and pinpoint key areas for dietary transformation. Our findings reveal that a sustainable healthy diet in China should involve moderate adjustments to staple foods, such as reducing rice consumption in favor of alternatives like flour and other grains. The diet should emphasize low-fat consumption, increased intake of fruits and vegetables, and a balanced intake of animal products by reducing meat, poultry, eggs, and fish, while ensuring sufficient consumption of chicken, shrimp, and dairy products. Furthermore, it recommends reducing alcohol consumption and limiting high-calorie snacks like cakes. This proposed diets achieves multiple objectives: it can reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the food system by 12.8%, decrease food expenditure by 1.1%, and significantly improve dietary quality. However, the study also highlights a trade-off between consumer interests and environmental benefits across different income groups. For the low-income group, minimal dietary changes result in a 2.0% increase in food expenses and an 11.1% increase in greenhouse gas emissions. Conversely, while the diet may slightly misalign with the preferences of middle and high-income groups, these groups benefit from reductions in food expenses (ranging from 0.4 to 4.8%) and greenhouse gas emissions (ranging from 14.5 to 23.4%). Thus, initiating reforms from the consumer end of the food system and guiding dietary patterns towards a healthier and more sustainable pattern through targeted food policies could be a crucial strategy for addressing nutritional and environmental challenges. However, it is essential to balance environmental benefits with ensuring the welfare of different income groups within China’s diverse economic landscape. This calls for differentiated policies to safeguard the wellbeing of the population.

Sugarcane is the major sugar-producing crop worldwide, and hybrid F1 populations are the primary populations used in breeding. Challenged by the sugarcane genome’s complexity and the sucrose yield’s quantitative nature, phenotypic selection is still the most commonly used approach for high-sucrose yield sugarcane breeding. In this study, a hybrid F1 population containing 135 hybrids was constructed and evaluated for 11 traits (sucrose yield (SY) and its related traits) in a randomized complete-block design during two consecutive growing seasons. The results revealed that all the traits exhibited distinct variation, with the coefficient of variation (CV) ranging from 0.09 to 0.35, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′) ranging between 2.64 and 2.98, and the broad-sense heritability ranging from 0.75 to 0.84. Correlation analysis revealed complex correlations between the traits, with 30 trait pairs being significantly correlated. Eight traits, including stalk number (SN), stalk diameter (SD), internode length (IL), stalk height (SH), stalk weight (SW), Brix (B), sucrose content (SC), and yield (Y), were significantly positively correlated with sucrose yield (SY). Cluster analysis based on the 11 traits divided the 135 F1 hybrids into three groups, with 55 hybrids in Group I, 69 hybrids in Group II, and 11 hybrids in Group III. The principal component analysis indicated that the values of the first four major components’ vectors were greater than 1 and the cumulative contribution rate reached 80.93%. Based on the main component values of all samples, 24 F1 genotypes had greater values than the high-yielding parent ‘ROC22’ and were selected for the next breeding stage. A rapid sucrose yield estimation equation was established using four easily measured sucrose yield-related traits through multivariable linear stepwise regression. The model was subsequently confirmed using 26 sugarcane cultivars and 24 F1 hybrids. This study concludes that the sugarcane F1 population holds great genetic diversity in sucrose yield-related traits. The sucrose yield estimation model, ySY=2.01xSN+8.32xSD+0.79xB+3.44xSH−47.64, can aid to breed sugarcane varieties with high sucrose yield.

Selections of drought-tolerant cultivars and drought-stress diagnosis are important for sugarcane production under seasonal drought, which becomes a crucial factor causing sugarcane yield reduction. The main objective of this study was to investigate the differential drought-response strategies of drought-resistant (‘ROC22’) and -susceptible (‘ROC16’) sugarcane cultivars via photosynthetic quantum efficiency (Φ) simulation and analyze photosystem energy distribution. Five experiments were conducted to measure chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under different photothermal and natural drought conditions. The response model of Φ to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), temperature (T), and the relative water content of the substrate (rSWC) was established for both cultivars. The results showed that the decreasing rate of Φ was higher at lower temperatures than at higher temperatures, with increasing PAR under well-watered conditions. The drought-stress indexes (εD) of both cultivars increased after rSWC decreased to the critical values of 40% and 29% for ‘ROC22’ and ‘ROC16’, respectively, indicating that the photosystem of ‘ROC22’ reacted more quickly than that of ‘ROC16’ to water deficit. An earlier response and higher capability of nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) accompanied the slower and slighter increments of the yield for other energy losses (ΦNO) for ‘ROC22’ (at day5, with a rSWC of 40%) compared with ‘ROC16’ (at day3, with a rSWC of 56%), indicating that a rapid decrease in water consumption and an increase in energy dissipation involved in delaying the photosystem injury could contribute to drought tolerance for sugarcane. In addition, the rSWC of ‘ROC16’ was lower than that of ‘ROC22’ throughout the drought treatment, suggesting that high water consumption might be adverse to drought tolerance of sugarcane. This model could be applied for drought-tolerance assessment or drought-stress diagnosis for sugarcane cultivars.

In order to investigate the effect of agricultural product labeling cognition and consumption habit on consumers’ willingness to pay premium of green agricultural products, based on the theory of planned behavior, an analytical framework that affects the willingness to pay premium for green agricultural products was constructed. Taking green fresh-potatoes as an example, based on the survey data of 402 consumers in three cities of Beijing, Zhengzhou and Chengdu, the contingent valuation method is used to evaluate the willingness to pay premium of urban consumers. On this basis, the ordered logit model was used to analyze the influence of behavioral attitude variables, subjective norm variables and perceived behavioral control variables on the willingness to pay premium of green fresh-potatoes. The results show that: 1) The average willingness of consumers to pay premium of green fresh-potatoes is between 10% and 30%, and the overall willingness level is relatively low. 2) The attitude of behavior variables have a significant impact on the willingness to pay premium of green fresh-potatoes. The higher the convenience of the place of purchase, the higher the willingness to pay premium. The better the consumers’ perception of the quality of ordinary potatoes, the higher the willingness to pay premium. 3) The subjective norm variables also significantly affect urban consumers’ willingness to pay premium for green fresh-potatoes. Among them, compared with QS product labeling and organic product labeling, the consumers’ cognition of green product labeling has the greatest impact on their willingness to pay premium. 4) The effect of perceived behavior control variables on consumers’ willingness to pay premium for the green fresh-potato is also significant. Male consumers who are older and in better health are more willing to pay a higher premium for green fresh potatoes. Therefore, green agricultural product market should be cultivated and the green development of agriculture should be promoted from the aspects of strengthening the publicity of the value of green agricultural products, improving consumers’ cognition of green product labels, and promoting the convenience of consumers to purchase green agricultural products.

[目的]我国农业发展正处于从数量扩张主导向质量提升主导迈进的转型期,马铃薯作为我国重要粮食作物,在过去40多年发展成绩斐然,高质量发展也是其未来转型升级的必然趋势.[方法]文章运用数据分析与文献研究相结合的方法,对马铃薯产业高质量发展的动因进行了辨析,并从生产、技术、比较收益、空间格局、消费、供求和贸易这七个方面对我国马铃薯产业发展历程进行了系统性回顾.[结果]我国马铃薯产业面临国际环境变化、发展理念革新、资源环境约束趋紧、生产成本上涨、机械化需求增加、产业链不完整和消费潜力增大这七个方面的挑战.基于高质量发展的"产品高品质、生产高效率、产业高安全和经济高价值"的目标导向,提出实施以技术体系、生产体系、产业体系、经营体系和政策体系为核心的马铃薯产业高质量发展战略.[结论]应从科学谋划马铃薯产业高质量发展蓝图、探索建立马铃薯产业高质量发展示范基地、推进马铃薯产业机械化、智能化和绿色化、畅通马铃薯生产端与消费端等方面着手有序推进马铃薯产业高质量发展,力争在2021—2025年期间实现马铃薯产业全面转型升级.

【Objective】 The aim of this paper is to analyze the three key issues in agricultural water management, which include agricultural water metering system, agricultural water price, and agricultural water autonomy, in attempts to improve agricultural water management. 【Method】 Using literature survey and on-site investigation, we analyzed the three key issues in agricultural water management and elaborated their understanding. 【Result】 The three issues have an important impact on agricultural water management and affect sustainable utilization and management of agricultural water. 【Conclusion】 The measurement of agricultural water use should consider local conditions. The agricultural water price should not consider other factors and functions, but gradually return to the function of maintaining the sustainable operation of water conservancy projects. Making full use of agricultural water autonomy is important to improve the management of agricultural water.

"一纸书来只为墙,让他三尺又何妨."小小六尺巷,蕴含大智慧. 近年来,桐城市公安局以创建"枫桥式公安派出所"为契机,深挖"六尺巷"所蕴含的包容、礼让、谦逊等文化精髓,着力打造"桐城公安六尺巷调解工作法",以六尺巷典故启发人,用和为贵理念感化人,借知进退境界昭示人,在社会矛盾纠纷排查化解中充分运用,切实为群众解决揪心事、烦心事,维护一方稳定、守护一方平安.

为探明菠萝田间控水减肥效应及确定补充灌溉施肥水平,为粤西地区菠萝生产中节水节肥和提质增效提供依据.研究以金菠萝'MD-2'为材料,设置无灌溉常规施肥(常规),2个补灌W1(–15～–35 kPa)和W2(–35～–55 kPa)与3个肥料F1(100％)、F2(75％)和F3(50％)梯度处理(F1W1、F2W1、F3W1、F1W2、F2W2、F3W2),以无灌溉无施肥作为对照(CK).研究菠萝光合面积、光合效率、干物质积累、经济性状、灌溉水生产力及肥料偏生产力对不同处理的响应.结果表明,补充灌溉施肥能够显著提高菠萝株高、叶长、叶宽、叶片数和植株干物质含量.水肥限制下,叶片数和叶长的减少是单株叶面积下降的主要因素,而光合面积的减小是干物质量下降的主要因素,菠萝植株生长受限来自于肥料减施和因干旱而导致的肥料利用受限.雨季干旱胁迫解除后叶片实际光化学效率(ΦPSII)能够快速恢复,但营养生长期光合面积显著下降的不可逆转仍然导致果实干物质量和产量显著下降.补充灌溉施肥条件下肥料偏生产力表现为F3>F2>F1,而果实田间产量和田间糖锤度均表现为F3W1,但果实增产率和田间糖锤度在W1和W2之间差异不显著.因此,采用F2W2补充灌溉施肥方式可为菠萝生产中节水节肥和提质增效提供支撑.

China Agricultural Green Development Modern Zone (CAGDMZ) constitute a demonstration area for achieving green and sustainable development of Chinese agriculture. It plays a role in demonstrating high-quality agricultural development and environmental protection. As a result, a coordinated interaction among livestock greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and rapid industrial livestock evolution in the CAGDMZ is of great concern to China’s government. In this paper, we were the first to research the decoupling relationship between livestock GHG emissions and industrial development by using data from 165 CAGDMZ of China from 2010 to 2019 at different regional scales and long time series. On this basis, we further explored the factors affecting livestock GHG emissions by using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index method (LMDI). Our analysis revealed that the amount of GHG emissions from livestock in the CAGDMZ showed a rising and then declining trend. Pigs, nondairy cattle and sheep were the main targets of livestock GHG emission reductions. There were obvious spatial differences in livestock GHG emissions. 17 provinces’CAGDMZ achieved emissions reductions, but 14 provinces’ CAGDMZ increased livestock GHG emissions. The Northeast CAGDMZ had the highest livestock GHG emissions and the Eastern CAGDMZ had the largest livestock GHG deceleration. Furthermore, the decoupling status in the CAGDMZ were unstable. Most provinces or regions of the CAGDMZ maintained the economic growth of livestock while curbing the excessive growth of GHG emissions. Only a few of them achieved a win-win situation of livestock output value increase while GHG emission reduction. Moreover, the comprehensive effect showed an inverted “U” trend. Production efficiency was the most major contributor to livestock GHG emissions reductions. Economic development factor and labor scale factor were the main driving factors for increasing GHG emissions. Industrial structure factor shifted from promotion to suppression of livestock GHG emissions. Therefore, some policies to accomplish the CAGDMZ’s long-term development were proposed.

1 2021年马铃薯市场形势回顾 回顾2021年,我国马铃薯市场形势具有薯价同比先低后高、总体价格水平偏低、贸易顺差同比大幅增加等3个显著特点.

为保护和利用陆稻农家种资源,本研究利用SNP标记和表型鉴定对80份陆稻晚稻农家种资源进行遗传多样性综合分析.结果表明:利用水稻1KSNP芯片对80份资源进行检测后共获得739个SNP的基因型数据,基于SNP的群体结构分析、PCA分析和聚类分析,均将80份资源分为云南亚群(63份)、海南亚群(11份)和贵州亚群(6份)共3个亚群,3个亚群间的平均遗传距离分别为0.83、0.63、0.80,其中海南亚群与其他2个亚群的遗传距离较远.贵州的陆稻资源分别属于贵州亚群和云南亚群,表明黔南地区的陆稻资源可能存在不同的来源.云南亚群可进一步分为3个亚群,平均遗传距离分别为0.30、0.28和0.22,表明细分亚群间的遗传距离很近.表型鉴定结果表明,11个表型性状的变异系数在4.09％～38.77％之间,其中有效分蘖数和穗重的变异系数较大,均超过25.00％,株高、种子长、种子宽、种子长宽比和种子圆度均值变异系数较小,均低于10％;遗传多样性指数范围为1.76～2.84,种子长的遗传多样性最丰富.相关分析结果表明,11个表型性状间存在着复杂的相关关系,其中种子长宽比与圆度均值的相关系数最高为0.98.在表型PCA分析中,前5个因子累计贡献率为82.37％,可反映表型性状的绝大部分信息,各成分的贡献率分别为29.08％、23.42％、12.35％、9.77％和7.75％,主要反映了株型和产量相关信息.80份资源的综合得分范围为0.15～0.73,排名前10的种质资源(ZRG36、ZRG101、ZRG58、ZRG31、ZRG1、ZRG102、ZRG104、ZRG63、ZRG29、ZRG11)均来自海拔较高地区,其中2份来源于海南,5份来源于贵州,3份来源于云南,且在穗长、种子长、种子宽、穗重和千粒重表现较好.该研究结果为陆稻农家种资源的保护和利用提供了参考.

[目的]利用转录组测序开发甘蔗SNP分子标记,为甘蔗建立一种高效和低成本的分子标记开发方法.[方法]以40个甘蔗栽培品种为试验材料,使用高通量测序平台获得其转录组数据,经质控后将其匹配到参考基因组,然后使用GATK软件检测和过滤SNP分子标记,并使用snpEff对SNP进行注释及统计分析.利用这些SNP分子标记进行系统发生分析、主成分分析和群体结构分析.最后,开发KASP标记并随机验证其有效性.[结果]转录组数据经质控后平均每个样本获得6.5 Gb的序列.通过变异分析和多重过滤筛选后,共获得220397个注释到染色体上的双等位基因SNP位点,平均密度为3 SNP/kb.SNP类型及分布特征分析结果表明,编码区错义突变与沉默突变的比值(N/S)为1.05,转换类型和颠换类型的比值(Ts/Tv)为1.89,杂合SNP占38.66％～49.91％,位于转录本的SNP比例为44.74％.系统发生分析、主成分分析和群体结构分析结果均表明,甘蔗栽培品种遗传来源较为单一,但群体分化较大.开发了11176个KASP分子标记,并随机合成25组KASP引物进行多态性验证,共有23组(92％)引物能检测到扩增产物,7组(28％)在40个甘蔗材料中呈现多态性,进一步验证了这些标记有效性.[结论]与传统SSR分子标记和基于GBS(Ge-notyping-by-sequencing)简化基因组测序的SNP分子标记开发方法相比,基于转录组测序的甘蔗SNP分子标记开发方法在保证质量和数量的情况下能获得更大比例的有效SNP,更有利于发掘功能SNP位点,为甘蔗分子SNP标记的开发提供了新的途径.

[目的]农业水价综合改革是促进农田水利系统完善和良性运转的关键,也是改变农业用水方式、促进农业节水的重要举措.面对改革过程中的困境与阻碍,围绕改革历程和问题开展理论研究,对于加快推动改革工作的开展具有重要意义.[方法]文章利用实践与文献调研相结合的综合分析方法,在多年来实践调研经验的基础上,对相关政策和各地改革经验材料进行梳理和分析.[结果]总结了中国农业水价综合改革的发展历程,分析了影响改革开展的关键因素,梳理了从重工程到重机制的政策变革和相关机制、制度的形成过程,归纳了改革新阶段面临的主要问题和挑战,并提出了政策建议.[结论]农业水价综合改革工作取得了重要进展,但受经济发展水平、水资源丰度、节水灌溉工程建设情况等因素影响,地区间改革进度差异显著.改革工作仍面临巨大挑战,需从水价分担、社会参与等方面调整和优化改革政策方案.

12022 年上半年市场形势回顾 2022 年上半年我国马铃薯市场行情特征可概括为薯价前期同比偏低,后期同比偏高和总体价格水平较常年偏低等3 个特点. 1.1 薯价前期同比偏低 2022 年第1 季度马铃薯市场供应以2021 年产季库存薯为主.总体来看,2022 年上半年前期,马铃薯市场供需关系偏松,价格较2021 年同期呈下跌走势(图1).据农业农村部监测,2022 年第1 季度马铃薯批发均价为每千克2.35 元,同比下跌7.1％.

This datasheet on Sorghum bicolor covers Identity, Overview, Associated Diseases, Pests or Pathogens, Distribution, Biology & Ecology, Uses, Management, Genetics and Breeding, Economics, Further Information.

季节性干旱是限制菠萝增产提质增效的重要原因,发展"以水促肥,以肥促产,水肥高效耦合"的现代灌溉施肥技术,是应对季节性干旱,促进菠萝增产提质增效的重要途径.本文从华南地区季节性干旱时空分布特征、干旱胁迫对菠萝生长发育的影响、我国菠萝水肥管理现状、灌溉施肥技术对菠萝生长发育的影响等4个方面简要阐述了我国菠萝灌溉施肥技术发展的必要性,重点从现代灌溉施肥方式、耗水规律和养分吸收规律等3方面总结了菠萝灌溉施肥技术研究进展,并结合研究进展提出我国菠萝灌溉施肥技术目前存在的问题,探讨未来可能的研究重点和发展方向,为菠萝灌溉施肥技术的研究与应用提供参考.