自2008年以来,因全球范围内经济形势突变,房地产行业被赋予拉动内需,促进中国宏观经济平稳、持续增长的重任.然而十年来房地产行业在经历了高速发展之后,已经对实体经济尤其是制造业产生了"挤出效应",同时也造成了"国民经济'房地产化'""社会财富分配不均加剧"、"银行、金融机构所承担风险加剧"的一系列后果,随着中国政府一些列调控措施的出台,房地产行业已整体进入利润降低、增速放缓的时代.房地产行业因其自身发展的规律及社会发展的要求也决定了传统房地产企业"以转型,求发展"的必然性.此次将对处于转型期的房地产企业的资本运营进行研究.

穆巴拉克政府对非政府组织的政策呈现矛盾的两极:既支持又抑制,这反映了埃及当局的两难困境,既希望非政府组织在经济、社会领域发挥积极作用,以弥补政府能力的不足,标示其自由和民主,又担忧其活动与发展危及政权的稳定与根基.在穆巴拉克当局双重政策影响下,埃及非政府组织有较快发展,广泛参与埃及经济与社会事务,推动了埃及政治民主化进程,但同时也面临着多重发展困境.与穆巴拉克政权的愿望相背,非政府组织实际上推动了穆巴拉克政权的倒台.穆巴拉克政权非政府组织政策的实践表明,对非政府组织要因势利导,积极发挥其在经济与社会事务中的作用,但政府要特别关注民生问题,不能由非政府组织主导解决民生问题,要严格管控非政府组织在政治上的影响.

The aberrant activation of autocrine motility factor receptor (AMFR) has been implicated in several types of human cancer. The present study aimed to elucidate the effect of AMFR on the regulation of proliferation in an acute monocytic leukemia cell line, THP-1. THP-1 cells were transfected with AMFR-targeted small interfering (si)RNA and a plasmid encoding a truncated AMFR, AMFR-C, (pcDNA3.1-AMFR-C). The mRNA and protein levels of AMFR and the downstream targets, rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2), cyclin D1, and B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, were measured using reverse transcription-quantitatibe polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analyses. The effects on cell cycle and apoptosis were investigated using flow cytometry. The present study successfully established the knockdown of AMFR and expression of AMFR-C in the THP-1 cells. Downregulation of AMFR induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, and increased apoptosis of the THP-1 cells (all P<0.05). The AMFR siRNA increased the percentage of early apoptotic cells between 3.88±1.43 and 19.58±4.29% (P<0.05). The expression levels of ROCK2, cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 were reduced by the downregulation of AMFR and enhanced by overexpression of AMFR-C. In conclusion, AMFR appears to be crucial for the proliferation of the THP-1 acute monocytic leukemia cell line. Therefore, AMFR may represent a potential target for the treatment of acute monocytic leukemia.

OBJECTIVE:To study the prognostic significance of CD47 in a NOD/SCID mouse model of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the best strategy for targeted therapy for this disease.METHODS:CD34(+)CD38(-) leukemia stem cells (LSCs) were separated and transplanted into NOD/SCID mice to establish a mouse model of acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL). Anti-human CD47 antibody, alone or combined with cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C), was used to treat the mice with AMoL for 7-14 days, and therapeutic efficacy was assessed. LSCs were cultured together with mouse macrophages in culture medium containing anti-CD47 or anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody for 2 hours, to observe the phagocytic ability of macrophages to LSCs.RESULTS:CD34(+)CD38(-) LSCs existed among THP-1 cells, with a content of about (0.12 ± 0.06)%, and a mouse model of AML was successfully established after the purified CD34(+)CD38(-) LSCs (97.0% ± 1.7%) were transplanted into NOD/SCID mice. The in vivo experiment showed that mice with AMoL had the most significant decrease in CD33(+)CD45(+) leukemia cells in peripheral blood and bone marrow and survived the longest after being treated with Ara-C (7 days) plus anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody (14 days) (P < 0.01). After 2 hours of in vitro culture, the phagocytic index in the culture medium containing anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody was significantly higher than in the culture medium containing anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody (76.9% ± 12.2% vs 7.60% ± 2.4%; P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS:High expression of CD47 is an adverse prognostic factor in AML. Combination therapy with anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody and Ara-C can effectively eliminate leukemia cells and LSCs, demonstrating great clinical significance in curing AML.

二十世纪五、六十年代美国黑人民权运动的兴起和发展,受多种因素的推动.外部因素包括美国联邦政府的行动、美国民众社会心理的转变、国际方面的客观影响；内部因素包括黑人凝聚力增强、黑人中产阶级领导、黑人民众有自己的组织和思想指导.

<正>白俄罗斯音乐教育制度完善,设施齐全。白俄罗斯和中国之间的音乐交流发展迅速。两国声乐教学在教学体系、教学内容、培养目标等方面存在一些共同点和不同之处。白俄罗斯是位于欧洲东欧平原的内陆国家,首都明斯克,原为苏联加盟共和国,1991年8月25日独立,1991年12月19日改为"白俄罗斯共和国"。该国北与俄罗斯联邦为邻,南与乌克兰接壤,西同波兰、立陶宛和拉脱维亚毗邻。白俄罗斯的专

The objective of the present study was to examine and determine whether the human acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 contains side population (SP) cells, and, if so, to increase the proportion of SP cells using arabinosylcytosine (Ara-C). Fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry were employed to detect the percentage of SP cells in THP-1 cells. Then, SP and non-SP (NSP) cell subpopulations were collected and identified. THP-1 cells were incubated with different concentrations of Ara-C for 24 h and the proportion of SP cells was detected. Our results demonstrated that the percentage of SP cells was 1.81 ± 0.99% in THP-1 cells. A majority of the SP cells remained in the G₀/G₁ phase, and the expression of CD34⁺ and CD34⁺CD38⁻ and the proliferation ability of the SP cells were higher compared to NSP cells (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of multidrug resistance genes (ABCG2 and ABCB1), apoptosis regulation genes (Bcl-2) and the Bcl-2/Bax value of SP cells were higher than those of NSP cells. SP cells have been shown to be more tumorigenic than NSP cells. Following co-culture with Ara-C, the proportion of SP cells increased significantly and subsequently the Ara-C concentration increased. These findings suggest that the THP-1 cell line contains SP cells and that SP cells possess certain intrinsic stem cell properties and may contain a larger proportion of leukemia stem cells (LSCs). The concentrations of SP cells can be increased with Ara-C by co-culture, and this technique is a useful and important application for the study of LSCs.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effectiveness and safety of immunosuppressive therapy (IST) in the treatment of childhood aplastic anemia (AA) and to study the main factors influencing the effectiveness.METHODS:The clinical data of 55 children with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) and 51 children with chronic aplastic anemia (CAA) were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received IST from January 2007 to December 2010.RESULTS:In children with CAA, the effective rate of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) plus cyclosporine A(CsA) combination therapy was significantly higher than that of CsA alone (80% vs 44%; P<0.05); in children with SAA, the effective rate of ATG plus CsA combination therapy was also significantly higher than that of CsA alone (75% vs 40%; P<0.05). No patients developed clonal disease such as myelodysplastic syndrome, paroxysmal nocturn hemoglobinuria or acute myelocytic leukemia. In patients treated with the ATG plus CsA combination therapy, the response rate was relatively high for children whose disease course was less than six months, bone marrow hematopoietic area was more than 40%, had no severe infections, and experienced granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) reaction during the early treatment; however, it was not related to AA subtypes and age.CONCLUSIONS:ATG plus CsA combination therapy is effective and safe in the treatment of childhood AA. The disease course, bone marrow hematopoietic area, severe infections and G-CSF reaction to early treatment are the main factors influencing the therapeutic effects.

文中主要介绍了影响白俄罗斯专业声乐艺术发展的波兰作曲家、歌唱家,如"波兰戏剧之父"———В.博古斯拉夫斯基、著名波兰演员和歌唱家М.科任斯基以及第一部白俄罗斯语作品《Селянка》。他们在白俄罗斯声乐发展的历史长河中,起到了明显的推动作用。研究这些人物,对于探究白俄罗斯声乐艺术将起到借鉴作用。

<正>一、学生剧团是白俄专业声乐艺术的萌芽地16-18世纪,在白俄罗斯人民的文化生活中起主导作用的是以追求认知、说教、宣传和教育为目的的学校剧团。这种剧团存在于宗教的教学机构中,如宗

白俄罗斯国立音乐学院是白俄罗斯共和国文化部直属的一所历史悠久、师资雄厚、人才济济的高等学府,在成立后至今的79年里,培养出了一大批优秀的歌剧和音乐会演员,白俄罗斯国立音乐学院声乐及歌剧教研室基本教学目标是培养高水平的专业人才,具体细化为培养歌剧和音乐会演员及声乐老师。围绕这一目标,学生要在专业老师和教育工作者的指导下完成所有的课程和教学计划。同时还要在学习的过程中开阔音乐视野,丰富自己的音乐知识,提高整体文化艺术修养。

在白俄罗斯专业声乐艺术发展的道路上,一些具有代表性的团体,如"明斯克音乐——文学协会"(1880),"格罗德诺音乐——文学协会"(1883),"波洛茨基音乐——戏剧小组"(1884)等等。这些团体促进和孕育了白俄罗斯专业声乐艺术的成长。它们在白俄罗斯的声乐发展历史长河中,起到了明显的推动作用。研究这些团体,对于探究白俄罗斯声乐艺术起了借鉴作用。

白俄罗斯的专业声乐艺术萌芽于16—18世纪。本文主要介绍了18影响白俄罗斯声乐艺术发展的艺术团体,包括其境内的涅斯维日的声乐艺术团体的艺术活动;斯洛尼姆庄园的声乐艺术团体;格罗德诺的农奴剧院活动,这些艺术团体在18世纪影响和决定了白俄罗斯声乐艺术的发展方向,对于白俄罗斯声乐艺术的形成,有着极其重要的作用。

歌剧作为一种综合型的艺术形式,对于丰富大学生的艺术知识,陶冶大学生的审美情趣,有着重要的作用。如何开展好歌剧赏析教学,更好地发挥其对大学生艺术素质教育的推动作用,笔者做了有益的尝试:在作品的选择上,注重各种风格流派的优秀代表作品;在作品的欣赏过程中,注重引导学生深入挖掘作品的深刻内涵;在鉴赏方法上,努力运用多样化的手段调动学生的学习积极性。

19世纪末20世纪初的白俄罗斯声乐表演及教育已经趋于成熟,在这一时期,活跃在白俄罗斯境内有各种各样类型的演出团体以及专业声乐教育机构,他们对于白俄罗斯专业声乐艺术的发展做出了突出的贡献.