Straw return is a conventional practice in mitigating soil salt damage. However, the effect of changed straw structure on the adsorption and migration of salt ions in saline soil is still unknown. This study investigated the adsorption process of straw residues at different decomposition levels. The adsorption process of straw residues towards salt ion displayed a biphasic trend with its decomposition, first increasing and then decreasing. The maximum adsorption value was 25 mg/g, representative of about 60 % decomposition rate of straw residues. This altered adsorption capacity was attributed to the balance between disruption of the dense crystalline structure and the exposure of C-O functional groups within cellulose and lignin components. The increased crystallinity index and weakened hydrogen bonding strength on the salt-adsorbing straw material surface directly confirmed the adsorption mechanisms involving pore filling and hydrogen bonding. Elevated environmental temperature (>30 °C) inhibited salt ion adsorption by straw residues. On the contrary, the adsorption of straw residues towards salt ions in the soils were independent of soluble organic and inorganic substances. Furthermore, incorporating decomposed straw residues significantly impacted soil bacterial and fungal communities. The abundance of the top 10 soil microbial taxa increased and showed a significant positive correlation with the improvements in soil structure and properties. These effects collectively alleviated salt damage symptoms during cotton seed germination and also promoted seedling growth. It demonstrated that straw return further alleviated salt damage through its structural turnover with its decomposition.

The return of straw to agroecosystems can promote the turnover, production, and sequestration of soil organic C (SOC). To elucidate the mechanisms by which straw-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) regulates SOС sequestration and stability, hydrophilic (Hi-DOM) and hydrophobic (Ho-DOM) fractions, derived in a laboratory setting, were separated from cotton stalks and independently incorporated into sandy loam soils subjected to continuous straw return for 5 (Straw-5y) and 15 years (Straw-15y). Compared with the control and Hi-DOM treatments, Ho-DOM increased SOC content by 119–150

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) play a vital role in sustainable agriculture, as they can stimulate plant growth through various mechanisms. Genomic prediction was integrated with functional analysis to explore the potential functional genes of Microbacterium C5 in plant growth promotion and abiotic stress alleviation. The I-plate and pot experiments were conducted to validate the capabilities of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by Microbacterium C5 (C5-VOCs) to stimulate plant growth. To further elucidate the components of C5-VOCs, the culture extract of Microbacterium C5 was analyzed using Headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC–MS). Whole-genome sequencing showed that Microbacterium C5 was a new PGPR, with a genome size of 3,962,105 and an average GC content of 70.4

Soil fungi are essential in the degradation of crop residues in natural systems. However, how long–term continuous cropping combined with residue incorporation (CCRI) affects the fungal communities in reclaimed saline soils is still unclear. In this study, CCRI was implemented in a reclaimed salinized farmland for 0 (control group), 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 years to explore the effects on soil properties and fungal communities. The results showed that CCRI reduced soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and available potassium (AK) by 2.6–8.3%, 24.0–71.4%, and 9.1–59.4%, respectively, and increased soil organ carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) by 36.0–117.2%, 84.2–173.4%, 18.5–344.8%, and 16.0–206.8%, respectively, compared with the control group (0–yr treatment). CCRI increased soil fungal species richness, but this effect decreased after 15–yr CCRI treatment; Ascomycota had the highest relative abundance (75.8–90.9%) in the CCRI soils. CCRI treatments significantly reduced the relative abundance of symbiotroph, saprotroph, and pathotroph; Especially, the relative abundance of plant pathogen fungi was significantly reduced by (25.5–36.7%), and that of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was significantly increased (0.01–0.07%), compared with the control group. Besides, the main soil properties affecting soil fungal community were pH and AK. Overall, the 10 – 15 years CCRI treatment was most beneficial for soil nutrient accumulation and maintaining the richness and diversity of fungal communities. However, it also decreased the abundance of some beneficial fungi and increased soil pathogenic fungi. Therefore, the duration of CCRI can not exceed 15 years, and attention can be paid to maintaining the stability of soil fungal community by regulating soil pH and AK content to reduce the negative impact of long term CCRI. This study will have important guiding significance for soil health improvement in arid areas.

Soil structure plays an important role in organic carbon (OC) sequestration, thereby influencing soil fertility and changes in global climate. However, aggregate OC chemical structure changes due to long-term return of straw in oasis farmland of arid northwest China remains unclear. This study conducted 0-, 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-year straw returning experiments during which three soil components where measured: (1) the functional carbon (C) pool and macroaggregates; (2) microaggregates and silt + clay; (3) the chemical structure of soil OC (SOC). The results demonstrated that in comparison with the control, straw return increased SOC, particulate OC (POC), and mineral-associated OC (MAOC) by 21.90%-63.51%, 5.00%-31.00%, and 46.00%-226.00%, respectively. With increasing duration of straw return, microaggregates transitioned to macroaggregates, and percentages of soil macroaggregates under 10-year straw return increased by 20.26%, 3.39%, 4.40%, and 11.12% compared with that under 0-, 5-, 15- and 20-year straw return, respectively. Soil geometric mean diameter (GMD) and mean weight diameter (MWD) first increased and then decreased, with maximum values after 10-year straw return at 1.20 mm and 1.63 mm, respectively. Solid state 13C NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) indicated O-alkyl C to be the dominant chemical component of soil OC over different years of straw return. There were increases in aromatic C, aromaticity, and hydrophobicity up to 10-year straw return, after which they decreased. A mantel test confirmed positive correlations of the distributions of macroaggregates, microaggregates, OC of macroaggregates, and silt + clay with MWD and GMD, whereas the OC content of aggregates was positively correlated with O-OA and hydrophobicity. Long-term straw returns improved soil structure and stabilized soil OC, thereby facilitating soil sequestration of OC.

The serious problem of residual film pollution in the arid region of northwestern China has a severe negative impact on both the farmland environment and the benefits of cotton planting. Drip irrigation without mulch (DIWM) has the potential to serve as an effective alternative to mulch drip irrigation and address the issue of residual film pollution. However, there are few studies on how to formulate a rational irrigation regime under DIWM conditions and achieve water savings and productivity gains. Consequently, from 2020 to 2021, we established three DIWM treatments: W4, W6, and W8. None of the treatments were irrigated at the seedling stage, and the irrigation regime was the same for all the treatments at the squaring stage (2 irrigations at an irrigation quota of 45 mm). From the initial flowering stage, the frequency of irrigation was once every 6 d, 8 d, and 12 d for W4, W6, and W8, respectively, and the corresponding total numbers of watering times were 8, 6, and 4, respectively. The irrigation amount was 69 mm at each time point during the flowering and boll-forming stages in all the treatments, and the final irrigation amount was 52.2 mm in W8. The total irrigation amounts were 366 mm, 504 mm and 625.2 mm for W4, W6 and W8, respectively. This study explored the spatiotemporal characteristics of soil moisture via sensors combined with the spatial grid method. Additionally, the growth indices, biomass accumulation, yield components, and water use efficiency (WUE) of cotton were assessed across various treatments. The results revealed that, in 2020 and 2021, the W8 treatment resulted in the highest soil water content (SWC) in the 70-110 cm soil layer and soil water consumption (WC) in the 10-110 cm layer, with the WC in the 10 cm layer being 20% and 44% greater than that in W6, respectively. The excessive total irrigation amount (IA) in the W8 treatment led to high vegetative growth of cotton, diminishing the positive impact on yield. Across both years, the WUE observed in the W6 treatment significantly exceeded that of W8, while the seed cotton yield demonstrated only marginal decreases of 5% and 0.9% compared with that of W8. The irrigation amount and average WC in the 10-40 cm soil layer were 19% and 29% lower in W6 than in W8, respectively, but the economic benefits were only 2 % lower than those in W8. There was a significant positive correlation between the SWC and WC in all the different soil layers, and the effect of the SWC on the WC gradually decreased with increasing soil depth. Overall, the irrigation regime employed in the W6 treatment within the arid zone, devoid of mulch cover, proves to be an effective water-saving strategy, ensuring a consistent cotton yield and enhancing WUE. This study serves as a reference for developing an efficient irrigation system tailored to the DIWM cotton industry in arid zones, contributing to the promotion of green and sustainable agricultural development in this region.

【Objective】 Evaluating evapotranspiration and soil salinization is critical for soil and water management but challenging on large scales. This paper investigates the feasibility of using remote sensing technologies and meteorological data to estimate evapotranspiration and soil salinization in irrigated areas. 【Method】 The study was conducted in the Manasi River Basin in Northeastern China. It was based on the Surface Energy Balance System (SEBS) model, using the Landsat-8 remote sensing data and field sampling to estimate spatial distribution of both evapotranspiration and soil salinity in the studied area. 【Result】 ① The normalized vegetation index (R2 = 0.644 8), surface specific emissivity (R2 = 0.637 7), and surface temperature (R2 = 0.558 3) all showed a strong correlation with soil salinity, while surface albedo (R2 = 0.198 6) had a weaker correlation with soil salinity. ② Daily evapotranspiration (ET) in the Manasi River Basin ranged from 0.024 to 5.403 mm, with an average of 3.866 mm. ET decreased from the Southern irrigation area to the Northern Gobi region. ③ ET values less than 3.60 mm/d were associated with non-saline and moderate saline soils. For areas with ET between 3.60 mm/d and 4.05 mm/d, moderate soil salinity dominated. For areas with ET exceeding 4.05 mm/d, the proportion of severe soil salinity increased significantly. 【Conclusion】 Using remotely sensed satellite imagery, the SEBS model provides an accurate, high-resolution estimate of evapotranspiration in terrestrial systems. The evapotranspiration was positively correlated with soil salinity in the Manasi River Basin. These results can help improve land and water management in the region.

larifying the effects of continuous cotton cropping (CC) on soil biological communities is essential for maintaining agricultural productivity. In this study, high-throughput sequencing was used to study the effects of different CC durations (0-yr, 5-yr, 10-yr, 15-yr, 20-yr, and 25-yr CC treatments) on soil microbial and nematode communities. The results showed that the dominant bacterial phyla were Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, and the dominant nematode genus was Helicotylenchus in all CC treatments. The richness indexes (ACE and Chao1 index) and diversity index (Shannon index) of bacterial and nematode communities were the highest in the 15-yr and 10-yr CC treatments, respectively. Bacterial community was significantly correlated with soil pH and available potassium (AK), and nematode abundance was significantly correlated with microbial biomass carbon (MBC). Soil bacterial PICRUSt analysis results showed that carbon metabolism and amino acid metabolism were the main metabolic functions of bacteria in the CC treatments. The composition and diversity of soil nematode communities were significantly related to the structure of soil bacterial communities, and the niche breadth of soil bacteria was negatively correlated with that of nematodes. Panagrolaimus and Acrobeles were the main genera of bacterialfeeding nematodes affecting bacterial communities, and their relative abundances were significantly positively correlated with the relative abundance of bacterial communities. Overall, long-term (10-15 years) continuous cotton cropping negatively impacts soil biota and the microecological environment of cotton fields in arid regions.

The widespread abandoned saline-alkali soils in the Manas River Basin in northwest China have been reclaimed for cotton cropping in recent decade. However, the temporal dynamics of soil microbial functional genes during the reclamation of abandoned salinized farmlands remains unclear. In this study, the abandoned salinized cotton fields that had been reclaimed for 1, 3, 5, and 7 years were selected to study the temporal dynamics of soil microbial functional genes through metagenomic technology. The abundance of genes involved in C, N, P, and S cycles increased significantly since the reclamation, among them, the abundance of KEGG Pathway genes and Enzymes after the reclamation increased by 29.10 and 30.20

为探究我国酸、碱2种典型土壤养分有效性和肥力特征对生物炭(BC)的响应,以新疆盐渍灰漠土和湖北酸性红壤为供试土壤,设置4个生物炭(玉米秸秆原料)水平:C0(0%)、C0.5(0.5%)、C1(1%)和C2(2%),进行为期60 d包括4个动态取样时期(1 d、10 d、30 d、60 d)的土壤培养试验.测定土壤基本理化性质、盐分、养分含量和土壤胞外酶活性,考察酸、碱2种土壤养分有效性及肥力特征对不同生物炭施用水平的响应.结果显示,施用生物炭能够改善2种土壤的理化性质,并提高土壤养分含量.施用2%生物炭使酸性红壤pH显著提高0.14个单位,使盐渍土pH显著降低0.18个单位;与C0相比,施用2%生物炭后导致酸性红壤和盐渍土的有机质和速效钾含量分别显著提高71.25%、59.65%和142.31%、36.85%.与C0相比,施用2%生物炭,酸性红壤水溶性钾含量在培养10 d时增幅最大,为238.10%,盐渍土在培养1 d时增幅最大,为47.50%;同时,红壤交换性钾含量在培养60 d时增幅最大,为127.88%,盐渍土在培养1 d时增幅最大,为31.58%.在培养60 d时,施用2%生物炭使盐渍土的非交换性钾含量降低7.62%.施用生物炭显著增加红壤的水溶性镁含量和钾钠比(K+/Na+).在盐渍土中,还显著降低钠吸附比(SAR)和水溶性钠含量,施用0.5%的生物炭显著提高水溶性钙及水溶性镁含量,相对C0处理分别增加4.90%和2.80%.另外,施用生物炭导致2种典型土壤胞外酶活性均有所降低,通过冗余分析发现土壤胞外酶与速效钾、水溶性钾及SAR呈正相关关系且相关性较强.结果表明,施用生物炭可以提高2种典型土壤养分有效性,速效钾和水溶性钾为土壤肥力的关键驱动因子;通过生物炭的强吸附以及盐分离子间的置换作用,减少Na+的盐碱胁迫效应,对提高2种典型土壤的肥力特征有着积极效应.

Aims The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of different stubble height on non-structural carbohydrate metabolism of Cyperus esculentus, to further clarify the relationship between stubble height and aboveground biomass of C. esculentus, and to seek the best clipping height.Methods The growth physiology parameters, non-structural carbohydrates and aboveground biomass of C.esculentus leaves at six stubble heights（10, 20, 30, 40, 50 cm and uncut） were determined.Important findings The results showed that clipping can stimulate the photosynthesis of C. esculentus. The peak of regeneration and growth was reached from 1 to 14 days after clipping. The contents of soluble sugars in leaves of 30 cm stubbles（7th, 21st and 28th days） were higher than those in leaves of other treatments, which were 9.22%, 10.83% and 9.07%, respectively, and the starch contents（14th and 21st days） were 4.88% and 4.11%,respectively. The sucrose contents in leaves of 40 cm stubbles（21st and 28th days） were higher than those in leaves of other treatments, which were 7.88% and 11.38%, respectively. The fructose contents（14th and 21st days） were also higher than those in leaves of other treatments, which were 5.29% and 6.40%, respectively. The activities of sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase in 30 cm stubbles and 40 cm stubbles were higher than those in other treatments in different periods after clipping. Stubble 10 cm inhibited the increase of sucrose content and related enzyme activities of C. esculentus. The total amount of forage at clipping and harvest, the hay mass of 30 cm stubbles was up to 10 605.11 kg·hm -2 , 19.93% higher than that of uncut. The hay mass of 40 cm stubbles was up to 8 976.93 kg·hm -2 , 1.52% higher than that of uncut. In addition, through redundancy analysis, soluble sugar content, the activities of sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase were important factors affecting the forage yield and regeneration rate. In the long period of cutting（day 7–28）, 30–40 cm stubbles were more conducive to regeneration and growth, accumulation and synthesis of non-structural carbohydrate, as well as related enzyme activities and forage yield. Therefore, the suitable stubble height range was 30–40 cm.

为探究油菜苗期不同生长阶段(苗前期与苗后期)体内离子吸收及分配对复合盐碱胁迫的响应机制,以'华油杂62号'为材料,采用盆栽方法,分析复合盐碱胁迫下离子(Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+)在油菜苗期不同器官吸收及分布的变化.结果表明,油菜苗前期在中度、重度盐碱处理下,根冠比较轻度处理分别增加16.47%、48.83%,而苗后期分别降低9.06%、45.49%;随盐碱程度的增加,油菜苗期各部位Na+含量均呈增加趋势,重度盐碱处理下Na+含量均显著高于轻度和中度处理,且苗前期Na+主要积累于茎叶,苗后期主要积累于根部;根中Na+含量在苗后期显著大于苗前期,分别增加1.80(轻度)、1.80(中度)和1.17倍(重度);K+主要积累于根部,苗后期根中的K+含量显著低于苗前期,分别降低65.7%(轻度)、83.1%(中度)和67.3%(重度);选择性运输系数SCa2+,Na+表现为苗前期>苗后期,而SK+,Na+和SMg2+,Na+表现为苗前期

The gut microbiota varies dramatically among individuals, and changes over time within the same individual, due to diversities in genetic backgrounds, diet, nutrient supplementations and use of antibiotics. Up until now, studies on dysbiosis of microbiota have expanded to a wider range of diseases, with Akkermansia muciniphila at the cross spot of many of these diseases. A. muciniphila is a Gram-negative bacterium that produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and Amuc_1100 is one of its most highly expressed outer membrane proteins. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on correlations between A. muciniphila and involved neuropsychological diseases published in the last decade, with a focus on the potential of this bacterium and its outer membrane proteins as therapeutic targets for these diseases, on the basis of evidence accumulated from animal and clinical studies, as well as mechanisms of action from peripheral to central nervous system (CNS).

为探究秸秆还田对新疆盐渍化土壤降盐保水的作用,通过田间小区试验,设置6种处理:不还田(CK)、棉花秸秆还田(P1)、玉米秸秆还田(P2)、油菜秸秆还田(P3)、棉花秸秆还田+玉米秸秆还田(P12)、棉花秸秆+油菜秸秆还田(P13),分别测定各处理对棉花全生育期0～60 cm土层含水量、电导率、脱盐率、盐基离子含量以及棉花水分利用效率、产量的影响.结果显示:P12、P13处理较其他处理可增强土壤的蓄水能力,随着土壤深度的增加,含水量差异逐渐减小.相比CK处理,P12、P13处理土壤含水量分别提高了3.78%～15.03%、5.06%～18.23%.在棉花全生育期,P12、P13处理可提高0～20 cm土层的脱盐率,电导率较CK处理分别降低3.54%～39.27%、17.83%～40.01%.土壤盐基离子含量呈现出Na+>Ca2+>K+>Mg2+的规律,盐基离子中的Na+、K+、Mg2+含量具有表聚性.相关性分析显示,调控棉田土壤水盐环境(含水量、电导率、脱盐率)可以增加作物水分利用效率,提高产量.结果表明,P12、P13处理较其他处理更能显著增强棉花生育期内农田土壤持水能力并改善盐分分布状况,适合新疆地区盐渍土改良.

The response characteristics of forage rapeseed under Na 2 CO 3 stress were studied. The variation characteristics of biomass, K+, Na+transport, osmotic regulatory substances and protective enzyme activities of rapeseed under Na 2 CO 3 stress were analyzed by setting the concentration gradients of 50, 80, 150 mmol/L of Na 2 CO 3 .The results showed that: With the increase of Na 2 CO 3 concentration, the biomass of rapeseed decreased gradually. Na+in roots and leaves increased gradually with the increase of Na 2 CO 3 concentration, while K + in stems decreased gradually with the increase of Na 2 CO 3 concentration. Under the stress of Na 2 CO 3 , feeding rapeseed could balance the damage caused by malondialdehyde and proline to its membrane system by increasing the content of betaine, and meanwhile reduce the amount of reactive oxygen to maintain the stability of protective enzyme system.

[目的]研究田间晾晒对饲用油菜含水率的影响,分析含水率对青贮饲用油菜营养品质、发酵品质及有氧稳定性的影响,为饲用油菜青贮实际利用提供理论基础.[方法]采用罐装青贮法,设计6 个晾晒时间处理,分别为晾晒0 h(A1 处理)、12 h(A2 处理)、24 h(A3 处理)、36 h(A4 处理)、48 h(A5 处理)、60 h(A6 处理),将晾晒后的原料直接青贮,青贮 60d后开罐,进行感官评价,分析营养品质、发酵品质和有氧稳定性.[结果]饲用油菜随晾晒时间的延长,干物质含量(DM)、铵态氮含量(NH3-N)均显著增加(P<0.05),pH值、乳酸含量(LA)、乙酸含量(AA)均增加不显著(P>0.05),粗蛋白含量(CP)、粗脂肪含量(EE)、中性洗涤纤维含量(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维含量(ADF)、可溶性碳水化合物含量(WSC)均下降;对比不同晾晒时间饲用油菜青贮发酵60d后青贮饲料品质,晾晒12 h(含水率73.53%)蛋白质含量(CP)和可溶性碳水化合物含量(WSC)最高(分别为11.04%和12.39%),酸性洗涤纤维含量(ADF)最低为(16.80%),pH值显著低于其他各处理(P<0.05),乳酸含量(LA)、乙酸含量(AA)均显著高于其他各处理(P<0.05),丙酸含量(PA)最低(0.04%).[结论]发酵后晾晒12h的饲用油菜青贮营养品质、发酵品质和有氧稳定性最好,在南疆麦后饲用油菜收获时田间晾晒时间12h左右,综合价值最优.

【Objective】This experiment aimed to study the effects of different mixing ratios on the quality of forage rape and wheat straw silage..【Methods】Feed rape and wheat straw were mixed according to different fresh weight ratios（feed rape: Wheat Straw:100%:0%, 95%:5%, 90%:10%, 85%:15%, 80%:20%, 70%:30%）were stored at room temperature after mixed wrapping. Each treatment was set for 3 repetitions, and the package was opened for sampling at 60 days. The fermentation and nutrient content of the mixed stored feed were measured, and the aerobic stability was analyzed.【Results】The results showed that with the addition of wheat straw ratio, the pH value, crude protein content and soluble protein content increased The proportion of soluble carbohydrate and butyric acid content decreased significantly, the dry matter content and lactic acid content increased significantly, and the changes of crude fat content, acetic acid content and ammonia nitrogen content had no significant difference. The fermentation quality of the mixed storage system showed an increasing trend as a whole, and the nutritional quality of the mixed storage system showed a decreasing trend.【Conclusion】Based on the analysis of fermentation quality, nutritional composition, v-score score and aerobic stability, the mixed storage of feed rape and wheat straw in the ratio of 80%:20% was better.

为探究碱胁迫下油菜幼苗叶片离子平衡与光合特性对外源Ca2+的响应,深入理解添加外源Ca2+缓解油菜幼苗碱胁迫的作用机制,以5叶期油菜华油杂62(耐盐品种)与湘油15(盐敏感品种)为材料,在NaHCO3(100 mmol/L)胁迫下,设置6个CaCl2水平:CK、0%、0.25%、0.5%、1%、2%(记为CK、T1、T2、T3、T4、T5),研究CaCl2对油菜幼苗叶片离子平衡及光合特性的影响.结果显示:NaHCO3胁迫下,油菜幼苗将更多的Na+储存于叶片,将较多Ca2+积累于根系,其中,湘油15体内离子的失衡较华油杂62更为显著;NaHCO3胁迫下,叶面喷施0.5%CaCl2对幼苗质膜损伤的修复最为显著,降低了幼苗叶片Na+含量,提高了叶片K+与Ca2+含量,其中对华油杂62叶片K+/Na +的提高及Ca2+的增加更为显著.除潜在光化学效率(Fv/Fo)与最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)外,NaHCO3胁迫对湘油15光合特性的抑制均大于华油杂62,外源喷施0.5%CaCl2提高了幼苗叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量、Fv/Fo、Fv/Fm、净光合速率、气孔导度及蒸腾速率,其中华油杂62对应各指标的增加量较湘油15更为显著.结果表明,叶面喷施CaCl2能调控碱胁迫下油菜幼苗叶片离子平衡与光合特性并且对耐盐品种的改善更为显著.

以"华油杂62"油菜为试材,采用单因素随机区组法,研究了刈割对油菜叶片光合特性及非结构性碳水化合物的影响,以期为合理刈割饲料油菜提供参考依据.结果表明:适度刈割处理(L20、L30、L40)在刈割后一段时间内能显著提高油菜叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr),而过度刈割(L10)降低了 Pn、Tr;随着刈割后植物生长的恢复(刈割处理后期,35 d),刈割较CK均显著提高了油菜叶片Pn、Tr.与CK相比,适度刈割(L20、L30、L40)能促进非结构性碳水化合物(淀粉、蔗糖、可溶性总糖)在油菜叶片器官内的积累.

环境监测课程是高校环境类专业本科教学的基础必修课程。课程内容繁杂，理论与实践性强，学生学习难度大。通过课程过程性改革和环节把控，不仅有利于及时掌握学生学习情况，而且便于掌握教学效果，有利于教师调整教学方法，对知识点进行梳理与补充，提高课程教学质量。