Let 𝒜 be a k-th order n-dimensional tensor, and we denote by am(λ, 𝒜) the algebraic multiplicity of the eigenvalue λ of 𝒜. The projective eigenvariety 𝕍_λ(𝒜) is defined as the set of eigenvectors of 𝒜 associated with λ, considered in the complex projective space. For a connected uniform hypergraph H, let 𝒜(H) and ℒ(H) denote its adjacency tensor and Laplacian tensor, respectively. Let ρ be the spectral radius of 𝒜(H), for which it is known that |𝕍_ρ(𝒜(H))| = |𝕍_0(ℒ(H))|. Recently, Fan [arXiv:2410.20830v2, 2024] conjectured that am(ρ, 𝒜(H)) = |𝕍_ρ(𝒜(H))| and am(0, ℒ(H)) = am(ρ, 𝒜(H)). In this paper, we prove these two conjectures, and thereby establish am(ρ, 𝒜(H)) = |𝕍_ρ(𝒜(H))| = |𝕍_0(ℒ(H))| = am(0, ℒ(H)). As shown by Fan et al., |𝕍_ρ(𝒜(H))| and |𝕍_0(ℒ(H))| can be computed via the Smith normal form of the incidence matrix of H over ℤ_k. Consequently, we provide a method for computing the algebraic multiplicity of the spectral radius and zero Laplacian eigenvalue for connected uniform hypergraphs.

Background:First-line PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy has shown significant clinical benefit in metastatic gastric cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sintilimab and S-1 plus intraperitoneal and intravenous paclitaxel as first-line treatment for patients with gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis (GCPM), as well as exploratory predictive biomarker analysis. Methods:We conducted a single-arm, phase 2 trial at a single centre in China between Jan 1, 2022, and Dec 31, 2023. Patients with laparoscopically confirmed GCPM were treated with sintilimab (200 mg IV on D1), S-1 (40-60 mg orally twice a day for D1-14), and paclitaxel (20 mg/m2 intraperitoneally and 50 mg/m2 IV on D1 and 8), in cycles every 3 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was overall survival (OS) rate at 1 year. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05204173. Findings:38 patients were included. The median progression-free survival was 14.6 months (95% CI: 10.8-not reached [NR]) and OS was 18.4 months (95% CI: 15.0-NR). The post-hoc analysis showed the objective response rate was 57.9% and disease control rate was 94.7%. The most common treatment-related adverse events were anemia, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase elevated, and leukopenia. Longitudinal analyses of plasma circulating tumor DNA showed that low baseline human genome equivalent was associated with favorable OS. Interpretation:First-line sintilimab and S-1 plus intraperitoneal and intravenous paclitaxel showed promising therapeutic efficacy in patients with GCPM. Funding:Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai, Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, National Science Foundation of China, and the Shanghai Hospital Development Center.

Background:Both FLOT (5-Fluorouracil, Leucovorin, Oxaliplatin, and Docetaxel) and SOX (S-1 plus Oxaliplatin) neoadjuvant regimens are widely used for locally advanced gastric cancer; however, direct head-to-head survival data to guide optimal treatment selection are lacking. This study aimed to compare long-term survival outcomes between neoadjuvant FLOT and SOX regimens in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. Methods:This study reports the prespecified secondary outcomes of the DRAGON III trial, an open-label, randomised, exploratory phase 2 trial conducted at a single hospital (Ruijin Hospital) in China. Eligible participants were adults aged 18-80 years with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction, clinical stage cT3-4b, cN1-3, cM0 disease, adequate organ function, and ECOG performance status ≤2. Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 using computer-generated simple randomisation without stratification to receive either neoadjuvant FLOT or SOX before D2 gastrectomy. The FLOT regimen consisted of four cycles of 5-Fluorouracil 2600 mg/m2, Leucovorin 200 mg/m2, Oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2, and Docetaxel 50 mg/m2, intravenous every 2 weeks. The SOX regimen consisted of three cycles of oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 intravenous on day 1 and oral Tegafur/Gimeracil/Oteracil (S-1) 80 mg/m2 twice daily on days 1-14, repeated every 3 weeks. Neither patients nor investigators were blinded due to different administration protocols. The secondary endpoints were overall survival (defined as time from randomisation to death from any cause) and disease-free survival (defined as time from randomisation to first occurrence of local recurrence, regional recurrence, distant metastases, or death from any cause) with 5-year follow-up. Survival differences were assessed using log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression. All analyses followed intention-to-treat principles including all 74 randomised patients regardless of treatment completion. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03636893. Findings:Between Aug 22, 2018, and Nov 14, 2019, 74 patients were randomised (40 FLOT, 34 SOX). In the FLOT group, 31/40 (77.5%) completed chemotherapy and surgery, with 9 patients not proceeding to surgery (1 withdrew consent, 4 refused surgery, 3 required early surgery due to bleeding, 1 serious adverse event). In the SOX group, 24/34 (70.6%) completed treatment, with 10 patients not proceeding to surgery (2 withdrew consent, 3 refused surgery, 1 died from treatment-related toxicity, 3 protocol violations, 1 adverse event). All survival analyses included the full intention-to-treat population of 74 patients. With median follow-up of 65.7 months, both regimens demonstrated comparable long-term survival outcomes. Median overall survival was 61.5 months (95% CI: not reached) for FLOT versus 67.8 months (95% CI: 25.7-109.9) for SOX, with no significant difference (HR 1.101, 95% CI: 0.595-2.036, p = 0.76). Disease-free survival was similarly comparable (median 23.0 versus 25.5 months, HR 1.060, 95% CI: 0.597-1.884, p = 0.84). Grade 3-4 haematological toxicity occurred in 9/40 (22.5%) FLOT patients versus 5/34 (14.7%) SOX patients. One treatment-related death occurred in the SOX group (2.9%) due to grade IV haematological toxicity followed by multiple organ failure. Interpretation:The findings of our exploratory phase 2 study suggest equivalent long-term survival between FLOT and SOX regimens, with both achieving favourable 5-year survival outcomes. However, these results should be interpreted cautiously given several important limitations. As an exploratory study without formal power calculations for survival endpoints, conducted at a single centre with a relatively small sample size, these findings require validation in adequately powered phase 3 trials before definitive conclusions can be drawn. The single-centre design and exclusively Asian population may limit generalizability to other settings and ethnic groups. Additionally, the study was not designed to formally test equivalence between regimens. Within these limitations, the results suggest that treatment selection may reasonably prioritise patient factors, institutional experience, and practical considerations. Funding:None.

There is a substantial body of current research on biofuel feedstock assessment and biorefinery site identification. Most of the literature in this field focuses on selecting suitable biorefineries by minimising costs, particularly transportation costs, rather than maximising economic profits. The latest studies on site location have started to introduce financial feasibility as a criterion for site selection. However, there remains a significant gap in the literature regarding the rapidly evolving sector of advanced biofuels like cellulosic biofuels. Addressing this gap, this study innovatively applies a Net Present Value (NPV) framework and a mathematical programming approach, incorporating economic viability, investment support, and carbon credits into the decision-making process for site selection in Western Western Canada. This approach offers insightful revelations regarding economically viable biomass supply and optimal site identification, highlighting the extent of governmental support essential to fostering the growth of the cellulosic biofuel industry. Key findings include: (1) An economic viability-based assessment indicated a substantially lower feedstock supply, about 20 % compared to evaluations based solely on feasible travelling distance; (2) Governmental intervention emerged as a pivotal element influencing the economic viability of cellulosic biofuel refineries; (3) Varied parameters, including production capacity, capital investment subsidies, and maximum transport distance, have significant impacts on economic feasibility and site selection outcomes. The results of this research add to the understanding of current cellulosic biofuel developments. They offer valuable insights into predicting feedstock supply, choosing the best locations for biofuel plants, and designing effective policies.

Worldwide, pine forests have been threatened by a devastating pine wood disease caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, with Monochamus saltuarius being a newly recorded vector of the disease in Northeast China. The olfactory system plays important roles in both feeding and oviposition during the adult stage of M. saltuarius, and olfactory gene function research is essential for gaining an understanding of the olfactory mechanisms of this pest. However, there is limited information available regarding olfactory gene functions in this pest. In the present study, we selected 7 olfactory genes, including 2 chemosensory proteins, 2 odorant-binding proteins, the odorant co-receptor and 2 odorant receptors, which were relatively highly expressed during the adult stage. We silenced these genes by RNA interference (RNAi), and real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect their expression levels after double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) injection. The results indicate that these genes were significantly downregulated at 2 d post-dsRNA injection, and this was sustained until 5 d post-injection. Electroantennography tests indicated that the knockdown of MsalOBP14 and MsalOrco impaired the olfactory response of M. saltuarius to 11 host volatiles and 1 sex pheromone compound. Y-tube experiments further confirmed that downregulated MsalOBP14 and MsalOrco expression led to olfactory dysfunction in M. saltuarius, which significantly lost selectivity. The results indicate that MsalOBP14 and MsalOrco play critical roles in sex communication and host volatile detection in M. saltuarius, and possibly represent 2 effective targets for controlling this forest pest through olfactory disruption.

In the pursuit of tactile sensation resembling human skin, the electronic skin (E-skin) has long been a subject of interest and inspires the exploration of various biomimetic structures. Nevertheless, the exceptional functionality of living organisms arises from the synergistic interplay of multiple internal factors, i.e. the coupling enhancement effect, which has received limited attention in existing studies. Here, a tactile E-skin featuring a multicoupled biomimetic structure that mimics three coupling elements found in the skin: Stratum spinosum, Meissner corpuscle, and Piezo2 protein, is proposed. By amalgamating their distinguishing characteristics, this bionic E-skin surpasses the performance of conventional counterparts such as sensitivity as high as 388.5 kPa-1, hysteresis as low as 0.76%, and response times as short as 10 ms. Furthermore, its fabrication methodology of efficient 3D printing shows great advantages in terms of production cost and customization. Finally, the sensor is expanded to a 9 x 9 pixels array for a machine learning-assisted intellisense system to recognize the fruits as a human does, achieving an accuracy of 91.4%. All of these prove the promising potential of this multicoupled biomimetic structure in wearable electronics, human-machine interface, soft robotics, and artificial sensing. A novel bionic tactile E-skin combining the characteristics of three coupling elements (Stratum spinosum, Meissner corpuscle, and Piezo2 protein) is developed by direct ink writing. Under the coupling enhancement effect, the fabricated E-skin exhibits high sensitivity, low hysteresis, fast response, etc., and it is expanded to a sensor array for the machine learning-assisted intellisense system with brain-like recognition ability.image

To assess the biocontrol potential of Nigrospora oryzae against Solanum rostratum, the effects of different medium components and fermentation conditions on the biomass of N. oryzae were investigated to determine the optimal medium composition and fermentation conditions. Subsequently, the pathogenicity of S. rostratum increased after artificial inoculation of S. rostratum with N. oryzae. Additionally, the safety of N. oryzae fermentation on seven crops were evaluated. The results revealed that the optimal shake flask culture ratio for N. oryzae was lactose:glycerol:yeast extract:(NH4)2SO4 = 2:2:1:2. The optimal fermentation conditions were as follows: 15 mL of inoculum, 75 mL of fermentation liquid in a 150 mL shake flask, an initial pH of 5.0, a culture temperature of 20 °C, and 4 days of culture. The disease index of S. rostratum after spraying with N. oryzae fermentation agent was 60.00, indicating strong pathogenicity to S. rostratum. Safety evaluation revealed that N. oryzae exhibited no symptoms on Zea mays, S. melongena, Festuca arundinacea, Bromus inermis, or Medicago sativa but showed moderate susceptibility to Triticum aestivum and S. lycopersicum. This study represents the first exploration of the biocontrol potential of N. oryzae against S. rostratum. These findings suggest the potential of N. oryzae for development as a microbial herbicide targeting S. rostratum.

Tezepelumab is a human monoclonal antibody that blocks the activity of thymic stromal lymphopoietin. This analysis assessed the suitability of a fixed-dose regimen of tezepelumab 210 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W) in adults and adolescents with severe, uncontrolled asthma. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed using data from 1368 patients with asthma or healthy participants enrolled in 8 clinical studies (phases 1-3). Tezepelumab exposure-efficacy relationships were analyzed in the phase 3 NAVIGATOR study (NCT03347279), using asthma exacerbation rates over 52 weeks and changes in pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s at week 52. Tezepelumab pharmacokinetics were well characterized by a 2-compartment linear disposition model with first-order absorption and elimination following subcutaneous and intravenous administration at 2.1-420 and 210-700 mg, respectively. There were no clinically relevant effects on tezepelumab pharmacokinetics from age (>= 12 years), sex, race/ethnicity, renal or hepatic function, disease severity (inhaled corticosteroid dose level), concomitant asthma medication use, smoking history, or anti-drug antibodies. Body weight was the most influential covariate on tezepelumab exposure, but no meaningful differences in efficacy or safety were observed across body weight quartiles in patients with asthma who received tezepelumab 210 mg subcutaneously Q4W. There was no apparent relationship between tezepelumab exposure and efficacy at this dose regimen, suggesting that it is on the plateau of the exposure-response curve of tezepelumab. In conclusion, a fixed-dose regimen of tezepelumab 210 mg subcutaneously Q4W is appropriate for eligible adults and adolescents with severe, uncontrolled asthma.

INTRODUCTION:Urinary incontinence (UI) is common in postpartum women and can lead to a reduced quality of life and withdrawal from fitness and exercise activities. Conservative management interventions such as pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), use of vaginal cones, and biofeedback have been recommended as first-line treatment. We aimed to explore the effects of conservative interventions on UI rate, severity, and incontinence-specific quality of life in postpartum women with UI. METHODS:Nine databases were searched from inception to August 2022: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biological Medicine, and VIP Journal Integration Platform. Randomized controlled trials examining the effects of conservative interventions on postpartum UI were included. RESULTS:Initial searches produced 1839 results, of which 17 studies were eligible. All included studies had a low to moderate risk of bias. Supervised PFMT and use of a vaginal cone were more effective than individual PFMT in decreasing rates of UI (odds ratio, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.14-0.61). Individual PFMT combined with acupuncture (mean difference, -1.91; 95% CI, -2.46 to -1.37) or electroacupuncture and supervised PFMT combined with moxibustion were more effective than individual supervised PFMT alone in improving the severity of symptoms. Furthermore, electrical stimulation and biofeedback combined with acupoint stimulation or core training were more effective than electrical stimulation and biofeedback alone. For improving the incontinence-specific quality of life, supervised PFMT was more efficacious than individual PFMT; electrical stimulation and biofeedback plus core training were more beneficial than electrical stimulation and biofeedback alone. DISCUSSION:Supervised PFMT and use of a vaginal cone were more beneficial in decreasing rates of UI compared with individual PFMT. Superior effects in decreasing UI severity may be achieved by combining PFMT or electrical simulation and biofeedback with other therapies. Electrical stimulation and biofeedback plus core training, as well as supervised PFMT, are most effective in improving incontinence-specific quality of life. Further research is required to provide more evidence on the efficacy of these therapies.

Large type 3 and type 4 gastric cancers (GC) have a significantly poor prognosis, primarily due to their high predisposition for peritoneal dissemination. The application of intraperitoneal chemotherapy has emerged as a viable therapeutic strategy for managing GC patients with peritoneal metastasis. This study is planned to enroll 37 resectable large type 3 or type 4 GC patients. These patients are scheduled to undergo a treatment comprising preoperative chemotherapy with paclitaxel, oxaliplatin and S-1, followed by D2 gastrectomy, and concluding with postoperative treatments that include prophylactic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. The study's primary objective is to evaluate the 3-year peritoneal recurrence rate. Secondary objectives are to assess the 3-year disease-free survival, 3-year overall survival and to monitor the adverse events.Clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR2400083253 (https://www.chictr.org.cn).

Monochamussaltuarius Gebler (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) serves as the primary carrier of Bursaphelenchusxylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer) (Aphelenchida, Aphelenchoididae) in the middle-temperate zone of China. Pine wilt disease caused by B.xylophilus leads to serious losses to pine forestry around the world. It is necessary to study the biological control of M.saltuarius to effectively prevent the further spread of B.xylophilus. To explore the insect resources that act as natural enemies of M.saltuarius, investigations were conducted on natural enemy insects by splitting Pinuskoraiensis Siebold & Zucc (Pinales, Pinaceae) damaged by M.saltuarius and dissecting their trunks in Yingpan Village, Fushun County, Fushun City, Liaoning Province, China, in 2023. A larva of Inocellia (Amurinocellia) calida (H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck) (Raphidioptera, Inocelliidae) was discovered in the trunk of an infested P.koraiensis. Additionally, the feeding habits of I.calida were preliminarily examined under indoor conditions and a description of its morphological characteristics was provided. When placed in an indoor environment, the I.calida larva began pupating after a period of 21 days, during which time it consumed and attacked a total of 23 M.saltuarius larvae. Ultimately, after a pupal period of ten days, the I.calida larva emerged successfully as an adult. This discovery marks the first recorded presence of I.calida in Liaoning Province and the first documentation of I.calida in China, serving as a natural predatory enemy of M.saltuarius.

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in disruptions to the Canadian meat and livestock markets. While prices initially decreased, the shutdowns of beef packing plants led to a large reduction in the supply of beef and a corresponding increase in the wholesale price with ramifications along the entire supply chain. This study examines the effect of COVID-19 on price transmission and price volatility in the Canadian beef supply chain using monthly farmgate, wholesale, and retail price data covering the period from July 2005 to February 2022. We find evidence indicating that COVID-19 affected long-run price transmission from farmgate and wholesale markets to the retail market. Specifically, we find that the pandemic resulted in a 94.42 and 81.48% decrease in price transmission from the farmgate and wholesale market, respectively, to the retail market, indicating that higher prices at the wholesale level were not being passed on to consumers to the same extent. In the short run, we find asymmetric price adjustments and both direct and indirect volatility spillovers among the three levels of markets, implying strong market interactions across the beef supply chain. Overall, our results suggest the resiliency of the Canadian beef sector to COVID-19 shocks. La pandemie de COVID-19 a entraine des perturbations sur les marches canadiens de la viande et du betail. Alors que les prix ont initialement baisse, les fermetures des usines de conditionnement de viande bovine ont entraine une forte reduction de l'offre de viande bovine et une augmentation correspondante du prix de gros avec des repercussions tout au long de la chaine d'approvisionnement. Cette etude examine l'effet de la COVID-19 sur la transmission et la volatilite des prix dans la chaine d'approvisionnement du b oe uf canadien a l'aide de donnees mensuelles sur les prix a la ferme, de gros et de detail couvrant la periode de juillet 2005 a fevrier 2022. Nous trouvons des preuves indiquant que la COVID-19 a affecte la transmission des prix a long terme des marches a la ferme et des marches de gros vers le marche de detail. Plus precisement, nous constatons que la pandemie a entraine une diminution de 94,42 % et de 81,48 % de la transmission des prix du marche a la ferme et du marche de gros, respectivement, vers le marche de detail, ce qui indique que les prix plus eleves au niveau de gros n'ont pas ete repercutes sur les consommateurs dans la meme mesure. A court terme, nous constatons des ajustements de prix asymetriques et des retombees de volatilite directes et indirectes entre les trois niveaux de marches, ce qui implique de fortes interactions de marche tout au long de la chaine d'approvisionnement de la viande bovine. Dans l'ensemble, nos resultats suggerent la resilience du secteur canadien du b oe uf aux chocs de la COVID-19.

In this paper, we study that the algebraic multiplicity of the zero Laplacian eigenvalue of a connected uniform hypergraph. We give the algebraic multiplicity of the zero Laplacian eigenvalue of a hyperstar. For a loose hyperpath, we characterize the algebraic multiplicity of the zero Laplacian eigenvalue by the multiplicities of points in the affine variety defined by the Laplacian eigenvalue equations. We compute the algebraic multiplicities of the zero Laplacian eigenvalue of a loose hyperpath. We also show that the algebraic multiplicity of the zero Laplacian eigenvalue is not smaller than the number of irreducible components of the eigenvariety associated with the zero Laplacian eigenvalue for a loose hyperpath.

Farmers markets can generate positive externalities by improving food access and negative externalities through pollution. The presence of both may influence people’s willingness to pay (WTP) for living nearby. This study employs spatial hedonic pricing models to estimate the WTP for living near farmers markets in Edmonton, Canada. We find an inverted U-shaped relationship between proximity to a farmers market and property values. Our results suggest that local governments might consider the economic impact of building new or relocating existing farmers markets on residential housing values, alongside the benefits of improved access to high-quality food sources.

PURPOSE:This multicenter, randomized phase III trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of perioperative camrelizumab (an anti-PD-1 antibody) plus low-dose rivoceranib (a VEGFR-2 inhibitor) and S-1 and oxaliplatin (SOX) (SOXRC), high-dose rivoceranib plus SOX (SOXR), and SOX alone (SOX) for locally advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma. METHODS:Patients with T3-4aN + M0 G/GEJ adenocarcinoma were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive perioperative treatment with SOXRC, SOXR, or SOX. The primary end points were pathologic complete response (pCR) and event-free survival. The Independent Data Monitoring Committee recommended stopping enrollment in the SOXR group on the basis of the safety data of the first 103 randomly assigned patients in the three groups. The patients were then randomly assigned 1:1 to the SOXRC or SOX groups. This report presents the pCR results obtained per protocol for the first 360 randomly assigned patients who had the opportunity for surgery in the SOXRC and SOX groups. RESULTS:In the SOXRC and SOX groups, of the 180 patients in each group, 99% and 98% of patients received neoadjuvant therapy, 91% and 94% completed planned neoadjuvant therapy, and 86% and 87% underwent surgery, respectively. The pCR was significantly higher in the SOXRC group at 18.3% (95% CI, 13.0 to 24.8) compared with 5.0% (95% CI, 2.3 to 9.3) in the SOX group (difference of 13.7%; 95% CI, 7.2 to 20.1; odds ratio of 4.5 [95% CI, 2.1 to 9.9]). The one-sided P value was <.0001, crossing the prespecified statistical significance threshold of P = .005. Surgical complications and grade ≥3 neoadjuvant treatment-related adverse events were 27% versus 33% and 34% versus 17% for SOXRC and SOX, respectively. CONCLUSION:The SOXRC regimen significantly improved pCR compared with SOX alone in patients with G/GEJ adenocarcinoma with a tolerable safety profile.

Buffalobur (Solanum rostratum Dunal) is an invasive weed in China, and identifying its pathogens is crucial for developing effective biological control measures. In this study, leaf samples from S. rostratum showing typical disease symptoms were collected in Liaoning and Jilin provinces, China. The isolated fungal pathogens were identified based on their morphological characteristics and by using molecular biology techniques. Pathogenicity was assessed by artificially inoculating spore suspensions from the fungal pathogen onto the seeds, isolated leaves, and plants of S. rostratum. The safety of the fungal pathogens for eight other plant species was also evaluated. We then identified the following five fungal pathogens causing disease in S. rostratum in Liaoning and Jilin provinces: Alternaria alternata, Epicoccum sorghinum, Fusarium equiseti, Curvularia hawaiiensis, and Nigrospora oryzae. These fungal pathogens exhibited pathogenicity, with N. oryzae exhibiting the strongest pathogenicity and highest safety. Nigrospora oryzae demonstrated the highest inhibition rate against the radicle germination length of S. rostratum and showed robust pathogenicity toward both isolated leaves and plants. Notably, despite inducing mild reactions in corn (Zea mays L.), grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], rice (Oryza sativa L)., and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), N. oryzae did not have any detrimental effect on the growth of these plants.

In this paper, we investigate the algebraic multiplicities and geometric multiplicities of eigenvalues for some hypergraphs. We verify a conjecture of Hu-Ye about the relationship between the algebraic multiplicities and geometric multiplicities for uniform loose hyperpaths. We also consider the algebraic multiplicities and geometric multiplicities for uniform hyperstars.

Kolibacia squamulata Gebler (Coleoptera: Trogossitidae) was recorded in China as a result of a study of the natural enemies of Monochamus saltuarius Gebler (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), the vector of the Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Steiner & Buhner (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae). Diagnostic illustrations are provided, and the biology, habitat preferences, and distribution of K. squamulata are reviewed. This species was found in northeast China, in the Pinus koraiensis forest in Tangtu Township, Fushun County, Fushun City, Liaoning Province, China, in 2021.

斑翅果蝇是一种主要为害软皮水果的害虫,诱捕剂诱捕是防治该害虫的重要手段.为明确斑翅果蝇对寄主果实及其挥发性物质的趋性,进而研发植物源引诱剂,本研究利用四臂嗅觉仪测定了斑翅果蝇成虫对不同种类(葡萄、树莓、杨梅、蓝莓、樱桃和草莓)和不同成熟程度鲜果的趋性,并分析了寄主果实挥发物成分.结果表明:1)斑翅果蝇成虫对过熟鲜果的趋性最强,其次为成熟鲜果和未熟的鲜果;2)成虫对葡萄的趋性最强,其次分别为树莓、杨梅、蓝莓、樱桃和草莓;3)葡萄挥发物中含量最高的成分为反式-2-己烯醛,樱桃和树莓中为苯甲醇,蓝莓中为乙醇.研究结果为进一步开发高效的斑翅果蝇植物源引诱剂奠定了基础.

为筛选对草莓上二斑叶螨控制效果较好的捕食螨,以及对二斑叶螨毒力较强而对捕食螨安全性较高的杀螨剂,通过测定智利小植绥螨、巴氏新小绥螨、加州新小绥螨对二斑叶螨的捕食能力,测定阿维菌素、联苯肼酯、丁氟螨酯、乙螨唑和螺螨酯对二斑叶螨的毒力以及对其雌成螨 日均产卵量的影响,分析比较了供试的5种杀螨剂对3种捕食螨的毒力、选择性毒力和安全性.结果表明,3种捕食螨对二斑叶螨均有较强的捕食能力,智利小植绥螨表现最为突出,其对二斑叶螨螨卵、若螨和成螨的捕食能力值分别为23.69、25.92、9.14.在供试杀螨剂中,螺螨酯对二斑叶螨的毒力较高,联苯肼酯对其产卵量的影响较大;联苯肼酯、丁氟螨酯、螺螨酯对智利小植绥螨,联苯肼酯、螺螨酯对巴氏新小绥螨,螺螨酯对加州新小绥螨的毒力低于其对二斑叶螨的毒力.本研究得出智利小植绥螨对二斑叶螨的捕食能力强、螺螨酯对二斑叶螨的毒力较高且对智利小植绥螨较安全的结果,可为防治实践提供参考.