The objective was this study to investigate the effect of spleen aminopeptide combined with xinxibao on erythrocyte immunity and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) signaling pathways in adjuvant treatment of children with recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTI). A total of 138 children with RRTI admitted to our hospital from May 2017 to May 2019 were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into 3 groups with 46 cases in each group. The 3 groups were given conventional treatment. On this basis, control group A was given spleen aminopeptide adjuvant treatment, the control group B was given xinxibao adjuvant treatment, while the observation group was given xinxibao combined with spleen aminopeptide adjuvant treatment. Statistical comparison was made on the clinical efficacy, clinical symptom improvement time and trace element calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn) content, peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets (CD4+, CD8+), erythrocyte immunity indicators [Cooperative Tumor Erythrocyte Rosette (ATER), Erythrocyte Immune Adherence Enhancing Factor (FEER), Erythrocyte Immune Adherence Inhibiting Factor (FEIR)], Toll -like Receptor 2 (TLR2), Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) level related to the TLRs signaling pathway before treatment, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after treatment. The observation group had higher total effective rate of clinical treatment than the control groups A and B, faster disappearance of high fever, cough, and pulmonary rales than the control groups A and B, showing statistically significant difference (P<0.05); after 2, 4 weeks of treatment, the observation group had higher contents of trace elements Ca and Zn than the control groups A and B, lower TLR2 and TLR4 levels than the control groups A and B, showing statistically significant difference (P<0.05); after 2, 4 weeks of treatment, the observation group had higher ATER, FEER, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ levels, lower FEIR and CD8+ than the control groups A and B, showing statistically significant difference (P<0.05). It is concluded that the combination of spleen aminopeptide and xinxibao in adjuvant treatment of RRTI can alleviate children's symptoms, enhance peripheral T lymphocyte subsets, erythrocyte immunity, supplement trace element content, regulate TLRs signaling pathway, and further improve the therapeutic effect.

背景支气管哮喘（BA）和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）是困扰儿童健康的两大慢性疾病，合并OSAHS可能使BA病情加重、难以控制，BA又可通过多种机制导致OSAHS的发生或进展，两者关系日益受到关注。目的 探讨儿童BA合并OSAHS的临床特征及影响因素。方法 选取2021年9月至2022年8月在甘肃省妇幼保健院儿童哮喘中心就诊的BA患儿109例为研究对象，根据是否合并OSAHS，分为BA合并OSAHS组（n=49）和单纯BA组（n=60），收集患儿的一般临床资料、肺功能检查、血清炎性细胞因子、25-（OH）D及CRP检测结果，分析BA合并OSAHS患儿的临床特征，并采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨BA合并OSAHS患儿的影响因素。结果多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示肥胖[OR=4.803,95%CI（1.011,2.822）]、颈围增大[OR=1.318,95%CI（1.003,1.732）]、合并胃食管反流病（GERD）[OR=7.756,95%CI（1.398,43.045）]是BA合并OSAHS患儿的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）;25-（OH）D水平升高[OR=0.830,95%CI（0.757,0.910）]是BA合并OSAHS患儿的保护因素（P＜0.05）。结论 BA合并OSAHS患儿的肺功能指标低于单纯BA患儿，肥胖、颈围、合并GERD、25-（OH）D水平是BA合并OSAHS患儿的影响因素。

目的 对比分析早产与正常产产妇的孕早、中、晚期血脂水平变化差异,探讨全孕程血脂变化与早产结局关联.方法 整群抽样选取2018年6月—2020年6月在甘肃省妇幼保健院产科住院的无基础代谢及妊娠合并症疾病史的早产单胎产妇作为病例组,以体质指数(BMI)作为匹配条件,按照1:2匹配正常分娩健康单胎孕妇作为正常对照组开展病例对照研究,收集分娩结局信息资料,回顾性调查并记录两组孕产妇孕早、中、晚期血脂指标,包括三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇及总胆固醇等,通过单因素及多因素分析孕期血脂水平变化对早产结局的影响.结果 研究共纳入268例早产病例及525例正常对照开展研究,多因素逻辑回归结果发现,居住于乡村(OR=2.651,95％CI:1.755～4.004)、孕晚期三酰甘油高水平(OR=0.023,95％CI:1.170～7.812)和孕晚期胆固醇低水平(OR=3.130,95％CI:1.410～6.946)是早产的危险因素;孕中期胆固醇高水平(OR=0.116,95％CI:0.031～0.436)是早产的保护性因素.结论 孕晚期三酰甘油和胆固醇高水平会增加早产发病风险,应加强孕期血脂水平监测,及时实施饮食、运动等干预手段降低血脂,预防早产发生,促进母婴安全.

目的 探讨高原地区0～14岁儿童哮喘的危险因素,为疾病的预防提供临床指导.方法 选取2020年1月1日—2020年12月31日于甘肃省妇幼保健院就诊的33例哮喘儿童为病例组,同期在本院就诊的44例非哮喘儿童为对照组,采用自制哮喘问卷调查分析高原地区儿童哮喘发生的影响因素.结果 高原地区哮喘儿童发病季节不定(12例,36.4％)或9～11月高发(11例,33％),容易在午夜(12例,36.4％)发病,发病诱因主要是呼吸道感染(13例,39.4％)和接触冷空气(7例,21.2％)所致,哮喘限制了儿童的体育活动(26例,78.8％),且增加家庭的经济负担.Logistic多因素回归分析显示,既往诊断为哮喘(OR=3.660,95％CI:1.498～6.549)、呼吸道感染史(OR=2.660,95％CI:1.409～7.291)、早产儿(OR=2.413,95％CI:1.380～4.356)、有家庭成员吸烟(OR=2.834,95％CI:1.501～5.487)和早期应用过抗生素治疗(OR=4.328,95％CI:3.384～8.645)是儿童哮喘的危险因素(P＜0.05).而生后6个月纯母乳喂养(OR=0.057,95％CI:0.008～0.411)为儿童哮喘的保护因素(P＜0.05).结论 在氧气稀薄的高原地区,家长应积极避免儿童哮喘的危险因素,婴儿期尽量使用纯母乳喂养,对预防和控制高原地区儿童哮喘具有重要意义.

早产儿脑室周围-脑室内出血（periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhages，PIVH）是早产儿常见并发症，不同程度的PIVH可以导致不同程度的神经系统后遗症。PIVH的病因复杂多样，多数PIVH发生在生后第1天，预防PIVH依赖于母源性因素与非母源性因素（如环境因素、发育因素、机械因素等）的综合管理。影响PIVH的母源性因素包括产前体重指数、维生素D水平、绒毛膜羊膜炎、产前皮质激素、分娩方式及产前用药等，本文就影响PIVH的母源性因素进行综述。

目的:探讨儿童肺炎支原体(MP)感染相关的坏死性肺炎(NP)的临床特征.方法:收集我院2017——2020年收治的30例儿童MP感染相关的NP患儿及同时期30例普通肺炎患儿的临床资料,回顾性分析其一般资料、临床表现、实验室检查、影像学检查、治疗及预后.结果:NP患儿相较于普通肺炎患儿,发热、气促/呼吸困难、肺外并发症及呼吸音减低等临床表现比率、发热时长、氧疗时间差异均有统计学意义.NP患儿血清白细胞(WBC)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、血沉(ESR)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平均明显升高,且CRP以大于100 mg·L-1的患儿较多.76.6％NP患儿合并胸腔积液,胸腔积液中白细胞数、LDH及白蛋白也明显升高.所有NP患儿胸部影像学检查及支气管检查均较重,从症状开始到发现坏死出现的平均时间为(25.7±6.9)d.所有NP患儿均给予抗生素治疗,60％NP患儿给予糖皮质激素治疗,93.3％NP患儿行支气管镜检查及肺泡灌洗.20例NP患儿行胸膜腔穿刺术,3例行胸腔闭式引流术.所有NP患儿病灶吸收,预后良好.结论:儿童MP感染相关的NP病程长、病情重,但经积极治疗后预后良好.

Background Paediatric pleural tuberculosis (TB) is a paucibacillary disease, which increases the difficulty of examination. We aimed to assess the performance of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the detection of paediatric pleural TB.Methods PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to 20 December 2021. We used the bivariate and hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic models to compute pooled estimates for the overall diagnostic accuracy parameters of ADA for diagnosing paediatric pleural TB.Results Eight studies, including 290 pleural fluid samples, met the inclusion criteria. The pooled sensitivity of ADA was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.78–0.90, I2: 55.63% < 75%) for detecting patients with paediatric pleural TB. A total of 262 pleural fluid samples from four studies were included to differentiate patients with paediatric pleural TB from controls. At a unified cut-off value of 40 U/L, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve of ADA were 0.89, 0.58, 2.09, 0.20, 10.48 and 0.89, respectively.Conclusions At a cut-off value of 40 U/L, the overall performance of ADA was good for detecting paediatric pleural TB, with relatively high sensitivity and low specificity. Key messageAccurate identification of paediatric pleural TB will help eliminate TB in children. At a cut-off value of 40 U/L, the overall performance of ADA was good for detecting paediatric pleural TB, with relatively high sensitivity and low specificity.

目的 探讨促红细胞生成素(EPO)联合亚低温治疗中重度新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(NHIE)的疗效.方法 选取2017年3月至2019年7月于甘肃省妇幼保健院住院治疗的92例中重度NHIE患儿,根据随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各46例.所有患儿均接受亚低温治疗72 h,观察组予重组人促红素注射液静脉滴注,对照组予0.9％氯化钠注射液静脉滴注,均治疗14 d.记录2组基线资料,比较2组出生后24、72、168 h血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平.治疗14 d后行头颅磁共振成像(MRI)检查,计算并比较2组改良的Barkovich评分.结果 2组胎龄、体质量、男性比例、1 min Apgar评分、惊厥比例、自然分娩比例比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05).观察组出生后24、72、168 h血清SOD水平逐渐降低[(232±141)、(174±84)、(124±28)kU/L],且观察组出生后72、168 h血清SOD水平均低于对照组[(247±103)、(189±66)kU/L],差异均有统计学意义(t=3.708、6.153,均P<0.001).治疗14 d后观察组18例、对照组21例患儿头颅MRI异常.头颅MRI异常患儿中,观察组改良的Barkovich评分低于对照组[(2.0±1.3)分比(4.0±1.7)分],差异有统计学意义(t=4.014,P<0.001).结论 EPO联合亚低温治疗中重度NHIE能进一步减轻神经系统损伤,改善预后.

特异性免疫是现阶段唯一以病因为依据对花粉症进行治疗的方案,多通过皮下注射方式开展.随着医学的不断进步,人们对花粉症的研究也不断深化,临床实验的技术在不断的提高,对花粉症的特异性免疫治疗又有了新的突破.本文章将针对花粉症特异性免疫的治疗方法,如皮下注射、口服、舌下含服和淋巴注射等治疗方式的新进展进行综述,并详细评价各种方法的安全性.

目的 系统评价支气管镜肺泡灌洗指南的方法学质量.方法 计算机检索CNKI、VIP、WanFang Data、CBM、Web of Science、PubMed、EMbase数据库及医脉通、美国国立指南文库(NGC)、国际指南协作网(GIN)、苏格兰校际指南网络(SIGN)、英国国家临床优化研究所(NICE)、世界卫生组织(WHO)网站,搜集支气管肺泡灌洗的相关指南,检索时限均从建库至2020年12月.由4名研究员独立筛选文献、提取资料后,采用指南研究与评价(AGREEⅡ)工具对纳入指南的方法学质量进行评价.结果 最终纳入19部指南,包括中国5部、美国5部、欧洲3部、英国2部、澳大利亚1部、以色列l部、西班牙l部、印度1部.19部指南在范围和目的 、参与人员、制订严谨性、清晰性、应用性和独立性6个领域的平均标化得分率为50.73％、20.02％、15.13％、36.40％、3.51％和22.37％.结论 目前国内外支气管肺泡灌洗相关指南质量相对较低.

目的 系统评价儿童难治性支原体肺炎的危险因素.方法 计算机检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、EMbase、CNKI、CBM、VIP和WanFangData数据库,搜集有关儿童难治性支原体肺炎危险因素的病例-对照研究和队列研究,检索时限均从建库至2021年3月.由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入27个病例-对照研究,难治性肺炎支原体肺炎患儿3 967例,普通肺炎支原体肺炎患儿11 613例.Meta分析结果显示:热程[OR=2.07,95％CI(1.98,2.16),P＜0.00001]、住院时间[OR=1.42,95％(1.14,1.69),P＜0.000 01]、反复呼吸道感染[OR=8.51,95％CI(6.15,11.77),P＜0.000 01]、IL-6[OR=21.95,95％CI(20.85,23.06),P＜0.000 01]、CRP[OR=2.41,95％CI(1.94,2.87),P＜0.000 01]、LDH[OR=0.79,95％CI(0.53,1.06),P＜0.000 01]、ESR[OR=2.65,95％CI(1.13,4.18),P=0.000 6]、合并胸腔积液[OR=9.42,95％CI(3.65,24.31),P＜0.000 01]、合并肺外并发症[OR=3.33,95％CI(2.42,4.58),P＜0.000 01]、肺大片实变[OR=12.31,95％(5.42,27.99),P＜0.000 01]均是儿童难治性支原体肺炎的危险因素.结论 当前证据表明,热程、长住院时间、反复呼吸道感染、IL-6增高、CRP增高、LDH增高、ESR增高、合并胸腔积液、合并肺外并发症、肺大片实变均是儿童难治性支原体肺炎的危险因素.受纳入研究数量和质量的限制,上述结论尚待更多高质量研究予以验证.

目的 探讨促红细胞生成素(erythropoietin,EPO)联合亚低温治疗中重度新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,HIE)的疗效及安全性.方法 选取我院2017年3月至2019年7月收治的满足亚低温标准的中重度HIE患儿92例进行随机对照研究,根据随机数字表法分组,各46例,实验组采用亚低温治疗72 h联合EPO静滴(隔天1次,治疗14 d),对照组给予亚低温治疗72 h及与EPO同等剂量、同样给药方法 的生理盐水.统计对比两组治疗期间安全性、常规生化指标,并对比两组疗效、新生儿行为量表(NBNA)、智能发育(CDCC)评分、后遗症发生率等预后情况.结果 (1)疗效及预后:实验组出生后7、14、28 d NBNA评分呈升高趋势,且均大于对照组(P<0.05);实验组3月龄、6月龄、12月龄的MDI、PDI评分均大于对照组(P<0.05);实验组后遗症发生率(8.70％)与对照组(13.04％)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(2)常规生化指标:EPO治疗结束后观察组Hb、RBC、HcT高于对照组,PLT低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)治疗期间安全性:两组治疗期间均无严重不良事件、放弃治疗事件、死亡事件发生,两组一般不良事件发生率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 EPO联合亚低温治疗HIE能进一步减轻患儿智力、神经损伤,提高预后,且不增加治疗期间不良事件发生风险.

miR-143-3p is correlated with inflammatory pain responses, such as hsa-miR-143-3p expression reduction in fibromyalgia. The present study aimed to explore the effects of miR-143-3p and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)/NF-κB signaling pathway on pulmonary inflammatory factors levels and alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis in mycoplasmal pneumonia mice. Twenty mice were selected as normal group. The 120 successfully modeled Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection mice were randomly divided into model group (without any treatment), negative control (NC) group (injected with NC mimic), miR-143-3p mimic group (injected with miR-143-3p mimic), miR-143-3p inhibitor group (injected with miR-143-3p inhibitor), TAK-242 group (treatment with TAK-242), and miR-143-3p inhibitor + TAK-242 group (treatment with miR-143-3p inhibitor + TAK-242). Compared with model group, model mice had up-regulated miR-143-3p expression and decreased MyD88 and p-NF-κB p50 protein expressions (all P<0.05); Model mice treated with miR-143-3p mimic and TAK-242 had reduced interleukin (IL)-2 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α contents and protein expressions of MyD88, p-NF-κB p50, increased IL-10 content, fewer alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis, lower Bax expression and higher Bcl-2 expression (all P<0.05); however, mice with miR-143-3p inhibitor treatment showed opposite trends in terms of above indicators. The exacerbation of mycoplasmal pneumonia caused by miR-143-3p inhibitor was partly improved by miR-143-3p inhibitor + TAK-242 combination treatment (all P<0.05). Therefore, up-regulation of miR-143-3p expression may ameliorate pulmonary inflammatory factors levels and reduce alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis in mycoplasmal pneumonia mice by inhibiting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.

目的 系统评价孕妇在正常机体代谢情况下妊娠期血清硒水平与早产的相关性.方法 计算机检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、EMbase、Web of Science、CNKI和CBM数据库,收集孕妇血清硒水平与早产相关性的病例-对照研究或队列研究,检索时限均从建库至2020年1月.由2名评价员独立筛选文献、提取资料和评价纳入文献的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入12个研究2 484例患者.Meta分析结果显示:与足月组相比,早产组孕妇妊娠期血清硒水平更低[SMD=-0.89,95％CI(-1.56,-0.22),P=0.01].按研究国家所属洲际、孕妇血样采集时间和检测方法等进行亚组分析,组间异质性仍较大.结论 孕妇妊娠期血清硒水平低可能是早产的风险因素之一;但受纳入研究数量与质量的限制,上述结论仍需开展更多高质量研究予以验证.

目的 系统评价和分析中性粒细胞CD11b(nCD11b)对新生儿败血症的诊断潜能.方法 对8个医学数据库进行系统检索,包括PubMed、Cochrane library、Embase、Web of science、CNKI、CBM、万方和维普,时间截止到2018年12月,纳入中英文发表的nCD11b对新生儿败血症的诊断试验研究,2名研究人员进行数据提取和质量评价后,采用stata软件进行统计分析.结果 共纳入11个研究合计975例患者.合并敏感度为0.80(95％CI:0.71 ～0.87)、特异度为0.91 (95％CI:0.69～0.98)、阳性似然比为8.80(95％ CI:2.06～37.64)、阴性似然比为0.22(95％CI:0.13 ～0.36)、诊断比值比为39.95(95％ CI:6.04 ～ 264.06)和ROC曲线下面积依次为0.88(95％ CI:0.85 ～0.91).Deek's漏斗图显示发表偏倚可能性较小(P=0.08).结论 目前的证据表明nCD11b对新生儿败血症具有较高的诊断价值和潜力.

ON1 is a novel genotype of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) subtype A, in children with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs). However, there is not much data on the prevalence and clinical and molecular characterization in China. Our study is based on the children who had respiratory infections positive for RSV-A admitted by Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital in Lanzhou (northwestern China) during the last 7 epidemic seasons from 2010 to 2017. In our study, different strains of the novel RSV-A genotype ON1, first identified in Canada in December 2010, were first detected in Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital in August 2012 and then followed by an abrupt expansion in the number of ON1 variants in the beginning of 2014 and eventually replaced all other RSV-A strains from 2015 to 2017. ON1 is characterized by a 72-nt duplication in the C-terminal region of the highly variable attachment glycoprotein (G), predicted to lengthen the polypeptide with 24 amino acids, including a 23-aa duplication, which likely changes antigenicity. New N-glycosylation sites occurred within the 23-aa duplication and 24-aa insertion of the ON1 viruses in our study. Notably, RSV infections occurred later, but peaked sooner from the 2014/2015 to 2016/2017 epidemic seasons, compared with the previous 4 seasons. Our study concluded that genotype ON1 has caused larger outbreaks and became the predominate genotype for HRSV subgroup A in Lanzhou from 2013 to 2017, and became the sole genotype of RSV-A in 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. Our data indicate that northwest of China and the world will eventually be dominated by the ON1 RSV-A genotype, including the possibility for vaccine development. Based on trends seen in RSV-B BA genotype, which predominated for decades, there is a possibility to develop a vaccine for children in the next 10 years.

Objective To analyze the expression levels and clinical significance of serum 25 (OH) D3and immunoglobulin E (IgE) in children with bronchiolitis injected by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).Methods Ninety-six patients with RSV bronchiolitis were collected in our hospital from January 2015to July 2016.During the same period, ninety-six healthy children were collected as control group.Ninety-six patients with RSV bronchiolitis were divided into three groups according to the classification scheme of ExpertConsensusonDi agnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Bronchiolitis (2014).Serum levels of 25 (OH) D3 were recorded by using ELISA at 24hours after enrollment.At the same time, serum levels of IgE were tested.Results The serum 25 (OH) D3level was significantly lower in the observation group than that in the control group[ (55.2±10.3) nmol/L vs. (70.9±17.5) nmol/L, P＜0.05].The serum IgE level was significantly higher in the observation group than that in the control group[ (169.6±50.8) pg/mL vs. (66.8±26.3) ng/mL, P＜0.05].The serum 25 (OH) D3level decreased gradually with more severe symptoms and it was negatively correlated with the severity of illness (r=-0.75, P＜0.01).The serum IgE level increased gradually with more severe symptoms and it was positively correlated with the severity of illness (r=0.71, P＜0.01).Conclusion Serum25 (OH) D3and IgE may play important roles in the development and progression of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis.

目的:分析克拉霉素三联疗法对小儿Hp(幽门螺旋杆菌)阳性消化性溃疡(PU)疾病的治疗效果及不良反应.方法:以本院在2017年4月至2018年7月纳入治疗的96例小儿Hp阳性PU患者为研究对象.分成A组和B组,均是48例.A组给予克拉霉素三联疗法治疗,B组给予阿莫西林三联疗法治疗.对比治疗效果和不良反应情况.结果:A组的治疗总有效率为95.83％,B组为91.67％,对比无显著差异(P>0.05).A组的Hp清除率为95.83％,B组为83.33％,对比有显著差异(P<0.05).A组的不良反应发生率为6.25％,B组为20.83％,对比差异明显(P<0.05).结论:为小儿Hp阳性PU患者行克拉霉素三联疗法治疗可提高Hp清除率,减少不良反应,具有较佳的治疗效果.

Objective To investigate the human bocavirus (HBoV) infection in the children diagnosed with brochiolitis,incomparison with the clinical characteristics of bronchiolitis of HBoV vs.respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection alone.Methods A total of 396 throat swabs were obtained from children diagnosed with bronchiolitis from January 2015 to December 2016 in Pediatric Asthma Center of Gansu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Lanzhou.Specimens were tested for the nucleic acids of HBoV,RSV and other 6 common respiratory viruses by nested-polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR ()and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),and the epidemic status,clinical characteristics of HBoV and RSV were analyzed and compared with each other.Results The positive rate of virus infection was 53.54％,and HBoV and RSV infections were 9.84％ and 24.49％ in 396 cases.The numbers of cases of HBoV single infection,RSV single infection,HBoV and RSV mixed infection were 29,86 and 5.The number of boys infected with HBoV was 27.There was statistical significance in the difference between the genders.The statistical significance also existed in difference of age.The babies at ages ranging from 6 to 12 months had the hifgest positive rate.The first incidence peak of the infection of HBoV was in October 2015.The children with HBoV infection,compared with RSV patients,presented more often with vomiting,diarrhea (P ＜ 0.05),while symptoms such as the occurrence of dyspnea,hypoxemia and the hospitalization time were all lower.Conclusions HBoV is one of the possible causes of brochiolitis in infants,its infection distributed over the whole year.The clinical symptoms,laboratory and radio-graphic changes are similar between the HBoV and RSV infections,the only difference was that the HBoV infection was comparatively mild.

人博卡病毒(HBoV)是一种新近发现的细小病毒,属于细小病毒科细小病毒亚科博卡病毒属,2005年首次在瑞典呼吸道疾患小儿的鼻咽分泌物中分离,随后,世界不同地区陆续证实有该病毒流行.HBoV作为新发现的致病病原已越来越受到重视,HBoV的致病机制尚不明确.本文就HBoV病毒学分类、生物学特征,小儿感染流行概况、临床表现及实验室检查的相关研究迸展作一综述.