选取真空冷冻干燥(FD)、40℃恒温干燥(CD-40)、60℃ 恒温干燥(CD-60)、100℃ 恒温干燥(CD-100)、120℃ 恒温干燥(CD-120)、日晒(SD)、空气能仿生变温干燥(AD)7种方法对茯苓进行干燥,比较干燥后茯苓产品的茯苓菌丝体的显微性状、水溶性多糖含量、水溶性蛋白含量、醇溶性蛋白含量和水提液的抗氧化活性.结果表明:与FD相比,SD、AD的茯苓菌丝体呈疏松排列,CD的茯苓菌丝体呈糊状黏结状态;AD的茯苓产品的抗氧化活性最高;与FD相比,AD的水溶性多糖含量变化不显著、水溶性蛋白极显著增加(P<0.01)、醇溶性蛋白显著减少(P<0.05).综合分析,AD为最佳的茯苓干燥方法,可解决茯苓无硫加工产业化的需求.

“食品工艺学”作为食品质量与安全专业的一门重要课程,是学好食品质量管理和控制的基础.考虑到其课程内容及教学特色,对其教学改革进行了探讨,提出了一些改进建议,希望对“食品工艺学”教学有一定参考价值.

Objective To investigate the concentration of some elements in stinky tofu and provide a reference for the security controls of fried stinky tofu industry in Changsha. Methods The concentration of different chemical elements such as As, Pb, Cr, Ca, Mg, Al, Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe in Changsha stinky tofu before frying and after from 11 different workshops in Changsha were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results Most of the elements were within the range of safety control. The detection concentration of 3 kinds of safety and health index elements As, Pb and Cr in some stinky tofu was beyond the national standard. The average content of Ca and Mg that were two required constant elements in human body were 1375.78 mg/kg and 447.08 mg/kg, respectively. The average content of Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn that were trace elements were 24.51, 411.68, 4.79, 14.86 mg/kg, and the average content of Al that was non-essential element was 8.33 mg/kg. Conclusion Determination of the concentration of elements shows that the normal consumption of stinky tofu do not exceed the limits of the daily intake of the human body.

对采自市场的13个发酵豆制品样品根据国标进行蜡样芽孢杆菌调查和鉴定,结果表明不同豆制品中蜡样芽孢杆菌的含量存在差异,但都存在一定风险.有部分样品未检出蜡样芽孢杆菌或数量较少,说明蜡样芽孢杆菌是可以进行控制的.

为了获得高活性的猪肝微粒体用于药物代谢研究,试验采用钙沉淀法制备猪肝微粒体,考马斯亮蓝法测定肝微粒体蛋白浓度,可见光-紫外分光光度法测定肝微粒体细胞色素P450酶系含量.结果表明:猪肝微粒体的蛋白含量为(10.653±0.256)mg/g,细胞色素P450含量为(0.903±0.021) nmol/mg,细胞色素b5含量为(0.429±0.038)nmol/mg,氨基比林-N-脱甲基酶活性为(0.226 ±0.010)μmol/(min·mg),红霉素-N-脱甲基酶活性为(0.055±0.008)μmol/(min·mg),NADPH-细胞色素C还原酶活性为(4.658±1.170) nmol/(min·mg).说明钙沉淀法制备的猪肝微粒体具有较好的活性,所用的可见光-紫外分光光度法灵敏、可靠,重复性较好.

A HPLC method for the determination of sanguinarine in rat liver microsomes incubation system was developed.Chromatography was performed on a Shimadzu VP-ODS column(150 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm).An acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution(V∶ V =30∶ 70) as the mobile phase was used on the wavelength of 284 nm.The recovery of 500 and 1000 nmol/L control solution was 98.3% and 98.9% respectively.The relative standard deviation of 250,500 and 1000 nmol/L standard solution for the within-day and between-day were 3.76%,2.88%,3.56% and 5.19%,4.96%,3.84%,respectively.The calibration curve was linear in the range from 250 to 10000 nmol/L with r = 0.9997.The method was accurate,sensitive and rapid for the determination of sanguinarine in rat microsomes incubation system.

To evaluate the safety of compound ciprofloxacin emulsions and provide reference for veterinary clinical use,some experiments including pyrogen test,hemolytic test,stimulation test in rabbits,and allergic test in guinea pigs were undertaken.The results showed that compound ciprofloxacin emulsions had no pyrogenic effect,local stimulation responses in rabbits,no evidences of hemolyzation on rabbit erythrocyte in vitro,and no allergic reaction on guinea pigs.The experiments provided a theoretical basis for the clinical application of compound ciprofloxacin emulsions.