Poria cocos is a natural source of fungal food raw materials. Processing method is a key effecting the aroma of Poria cocos . In this study, the aroma compounds of Poria cocos products processed using sweating-lowtemperature drying (SW-LD), sweating-high-temperature drying (SW-HD), steaming-low-temperature drying (ST-LD), and steaming-high-temperature drying (ST-HD) were compared by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography -mass spectrometry (GC -MS), and the changes in aroma compounds of Poria cocos products during processing were analyzed. GC -MS analysis showed SW-HD product had highest content of aroma compounds. Aroma activity value (OAV) analysis indicated that 9 aroma compounds contributed to the overall aroma of Poria cocos . Among 9 compounds of Poria cocos , 1-octen-3ol, hexanal, nonanal, octanal, trans -2-octenal, and heptanal contributed to mushroom, refreshing, sweet and fatty characters. In addition, the aroma compound changes during the processing were analyzed, revealing that steaming and sweating were the key processes affecting the aroma of Poria cocos products. The findings of this study provide valuable theoretical guidance for the development of Poria cocos processing technology.

通过分析碳源、氮源、培养基初始pH、培养温度对茯苓菌丝生长的影响,优化菌丝常规培养条件,并对已退化的茯苓菌丝进行复壮培养条件优化,以解决茯苓栽培中菌种退化问题.结果表明,茯苓菌丝常规培养最佳碳源为葡萄糖,最佳氮源为玉米蛋白粉加酵母膏,初始pH为 6.0,培养温度为 31℃,此条件下菌丝洁白、浓密且菌苔较厚;茯苓菌丝复壮培养最佳碳源为麦芽糖,最佳氮源为蛋白胨加酵母膏,初始pH为 5.5,培养温度为31℃,此条件下菌丝洁白、浓密且菌苔较厚,菌丝生长速度比复壮前提高了 178.85％.

选取真空冷冻干燥(FD)、40℃恒温干燥(CD-40)、60℃ 恒温干燥(CD-60)、100℃ 恒温干燥(CD-100)、120℃ 恒温干燥(CD-120)、日晒(SD)、空气能仿生变温干燥(AD)7种方法对茯苓进行干燥,比较干燥后茯苓产品的茯苓菌丝体的显微性状、水溶性多糖含量、水溶性蛋白含量、醇溶性蛋白含量和水提液的抗氧化活性.结果表明:与FD相比,SD、AD的茯苓菌丝体呈疏松排列,CD的茯苓菌丝体呈糊状黏结状态;AD的茯苓产品的抗氧化活性最高;与FD相比,AD的水溶性多糖含量变化不显著、水溶性蛋白极显著增加(P<0.01)、醇溶性蛋白显著减少(P<0.05).综合分析,AD为最佳的茯苓干燥方法,可解决茯苓无硫加工产业化的需求.

利用3种叶绿体DNA条形码序列ndhF、psbA-trnH、rps16对竹亚科植物17个属的98个竹种进行DNA条形码聚类分析,并对已知的43个耐盐竹种进行聚类分析.结果显示:3种DNA条形码序列对竹子具有良好的通用性,平均通用性在96％以上;psbA-trnH未能对瓜多竹外的竹亚科植物种属进行聚类,能对部分耐盐竹种进行聚类;ndhF、rps16条形码序列能对部分种属进行聚类,对牡竹属、箣竹属、苦竹属中包含的耐盐竹种聚类效果较好.

为研究龙牙百合多糖(LP)对人肝癌HepG2细胞抑制和凋亡的影响,采用MTT法考察了3组LP不同浓度对人肝癌HepG2细胞抑制作用,采用Annexin-V/PI双染法和Western blotting法探究了LP1和LP42个组分对人肝癌HepG2细胞凋亡作用机制.LP对人肝癌HepG2细胞抑制呈剂量依赖关系,LP4组1 mg/mL对HepG2细胞的抑制率达46.36％,效果最佳;LP1组8 mg/mL最高抑制率达43.23％;LP2组4 mg/mL最高抑制率达24.35％;LP1和LP4对HepG2细胞的晚期凋亡率显著高于早期.激活Caspase-3、Bax、蛋白表达显著升高(p＜0.05),Bcl-2蛋白表达水平明显降低(p＜0.05).研究表明,LP通过激活死亡受体凋亡途径和线粒体途径,诱导人肝癌HepG2细胞凋亡.