Objective To explore the effects of sodium ferulate on the content of cGMP in plasma and hear-ing change with diffuse traumatic brain injury model of rats .Methods Diffuse traumatic brain injury model of rats were established and randomly divided into four groups ,including normal group ,saline group ,dif-fuse traumatic brain injury(DBI) model group and sodium ferulate treatment group .DBI group and treat-ment group also subdivided into groups of injury after twenty hours ,seventy two hours and one hundred and sixty eight hours .Then auditory brainstem response and the content of cGMP in plasma were examined in different groups .Results The difference of cGMP content in plasma among the DBI group ,the normal and saline group was obvious(P<0 .05) .In sodium ferulate treatment group ,the content of cGMP was lower than that in DBI group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05);The difference of audi-tory brainstem response threshold and latency of wave between the experimental and the normal control group was obvious(P<0 .01) .There were some positive correlations between the the content of cGMP in plasma and the hearing changes in DBI group of different time sites .Sodium ferulate could affect ABR threshold and latency of each wave in DBI group ,they were also positively correlated with the content of cGMP in plasma .Conculsion There maybe some relations between the changes of cGMP content in plasma and hearing impairment in DBI model of rats .Sodium ferulate has certain protective effect on hearing im-pairment in DBI rats .

Objective To investigate the effects of sodium ferulate on the exporession of nuclear factor-κ-gene binding (NF -κB) in cochlear with diffuse traumatic brain injury model of rats .Methods Diffuse traumatic brain injury model of rats were established and randomly divided into three groups ,including nor-mal control group ,diffuse traumatic brain injury model group and sodium ferulate treatment group .Then Western blot and immunohistochemical staining method were used to evaluate the expression of nuclear facthor-κ-gene binding in cochlear and the effects of sodium ferulate .Results The expression of NF-κB in cochlear tissues were significantly increased after brain injury of twenty four hours ,seventy two hours and one hundred and sixty eight hours than normal control group .Whereas the expression of NF-κB in sodium ferulate group was significantly decreased than model group (P< 0 .01) .Conculsion The ex-pression of NF-κB in cochlear tissues is significantly increased in brain injury model ,the protective effect of sodium ferulate on cochlear in diffuse traumatic brain injury model of rats may be related to the reduction of the NF-κB .

目的 探讨阿魏酸钠对弥漫性脑外伤致内耳损伤的影响.方法 将SD大鼠随机分组,应用蛋白印迹及显微图像分析方法测定HO-1、iNOS蛋白在各组的表达.结果 与正常对照组比较,模型组和阿魏酸钠治疗组HO-1与iNOS蛋白表达明显升高(P＜0.01).阿魏酸钠治疗组与模型组比较HO-1蛋白仍然高表达,差异无统计学意义;而iNOS蛋白表达明显降低(P＜0.01).结论 阿魏酸钠对弥漫性脑外伤致内耳损伤有一定的治疗作用.

Objective To explore the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in cochlear and auditory function on diffuse traumatic brain injury in rats.Methods Diffuse traumatic brain injury model of rats were established and randomly divided into five groups.Then auditory brainstem response examination,light microscope,immuno-histochemistical technique were used to evaluate the change of hearing function and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase.Results The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the control group was normal,whereas there were obviously changes of inner ear inducible nitric oxide synthase expression on the traumatic groups.The difference of auditory brainstem response threshold and latency of wave between the experimental and the normal control group was obvious(P<0.05).The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in trauma group was significantly associated with auditory function change(P<0.05).Conclusion There are influence on expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and auditory function in inner ear with diffuse traumatic brain injury model of rats,the decreased of auditory function may be associated with the change of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression.

目的探讨鼻腔鼻窦黏膜恶性黑色素瘤(SMMM)的临床病理特点。方法回顾性分析8例SMMM的临床病理资料,观察其形态特征、免疫组织化学及临床特点。结果 8例SMMM患者临床症状主要为单侧鼻出血、鼻塞、视物模糊等。显微镜下观察肿瘤细胞呈多形性,瘤细胞增大,染色质浓厚,部分胞浆内可见有黑色素颗粒沉着;免疫组织化学检查HMB-45阳性7例,2项均阳性1例,S-100阳性7例,Vimentin阳性5例。所有病例随诊5年,带瘤生存2例,死亡5例,失访1例。结论 SMMM临床少见,其诊断主要依靠免疫组织化学检查,治疗采用以手术为主,辅以放疗或化疗的综合治疗。

目的观察不同程度变应性鼻支气管炎(ABR)患者血浆血小板活化因子乙酰水解酶(PAF-AH)的活性变化,并探讨其意义。方法 ABR患者87例(病例组),其中单纯变应性鼻炎(AR)患者25例,AR并变应性鼻炎伴气道高反应性(AHR)患者34例,AR并支气管哮喘(BA)患者28例;选择60例健康体检者为对照组。采用固相双抗体夹心ELISA法检测各组血浆PAF-AH活性。结果对照组血浆PAF-AH活性高于病例组(P<0.05);对照组、单纯AR者和AR并AHR者血浆PAF-AH活性均明显高于AR并BA者(P均<0.05)。结论 ABR患者血浆PAF-AH活性低于正常,PAF-AH活性降低可能与ABR的发病有关。

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza on hearing function in cisplatin injury model guinea pigs. METHODS:The hearing function injury model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin 2 mg/kg for consecutive 5 days. The model rats were divided into 3 groups,i.e. contro(lconstant volume of normal saline,5 d),model,S. miltiorrhiza(8 ml/ kg,7 d)groups. They were given medicines intraperitoneally once a day. The changes of auditory brainstem response(ABR)threshold and latency of waveⅠwere determined,and the morphological changes of inner ear were observed by transmission electron microscope. RESULTS:Compared with control group,ABR threshold in model group increased significantly,and latency of waveⅠ prolonged significantly(P0.01);compared with model group,ABR threshold in S. miltiorrhiza group decreased significantly,and latency of waveⅠshortened significantly(P0.01). The necrosis of bristle cells in inner ear in S. miltiorrhiza group was slighter than in model group. CONCLUSIONS:S. miltiorrhiza shows protective effects against cisplatin-induced injury to the inner ear.

目的 探讨阿魏酸钠联合前列地尔注射液(凯时)治疗突发性耳聋的疗效.方法 42例患者随机分为二组,分别采用阿魏酸钠+凯时、凯时二种方法治疗,二组均给予营养神经、激素等药物治疗,10d为1个疗程.结果 二组比较,治疗组对突发性耳聋的治疗效果显著(P＜0.05).结论 阿魏酸钠联合前列地尔注射液治疗神经性耳聋有较好疗效,是治疗神经性耳聋可选择的药物.

目的探讨丹参注射液对顺铂中毒豚鼠模型耳蜗诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)表达的影响。方法①选择听力正常的豚鼠随机分三组:模型组:采用腔注射顺铂的方法,建立顺铂中毒豚鼠模型;治疗组:腹腔注射丹参注射液;对照组:腹腔注射生理盐水。②采用扫描电镜、免疫组织化学及图像分析等方法,观察各组动物耳蜗形态学及平均灰度值的变化。结果对照组豚鼠耳蜗超微结构正常,实验组可见外毛细胞倒伏、缺失,治疗组大多数外毛细胞排列整齐。免疫组织化学染色显示:对照组螺旋器及螺旋神经节结构正常,胞浆内未见棕黄色颗粒,呈iNOS阴性染色。实验组螺旋器中内外毛细胞明显变性,胞浆内充满棕黄色颗粒,呈iNOS阳性染色。治疗组耳蜗内外毛细胞、螺旋神经节细胞等处可见少许棕黄色颗粒,染色明显变浅,呈iNOS弱阳性染色。显微图像分析结果显示:实验组平均灰度值较治疗组减小,二者有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论丹参注射液具有改善顺铂耳蜗毒性的作用,这种作用可能与耳蜗诱导型一氧化氮合酶表达降低有关。

Objective To investigate the relationship between the plasmatic PAF-AH genotypes and the activity of PAF-AH in allergic rhinobronchitis.Methods According to the plasmatic PAF-AH genotypes,the patients with allergic rhinobronchitis and healthy controls were divided into three groups(GG group,GT group,TT group).The activity of plasmatic PAF-AH was measured in the patients with allergic rhinobronchitis and healthy controls with different genotypes.Results Significant statistical difference of plasmatic PAF-AH activity exited among the three different genotype groups both in patients and control groups(all P<0.05).The activity of plasmatic PAF-AH in genotype GG group was higher than that in genotype GT and TT,still genotype GT higher than TT.There were statistical differences between any two groups(all P<0.05).Conclusion The genotypes of the plasmatic PAF-AH may influence PAF-AH activity.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN)protein in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC).Methods The expression of PTEN protein was detected wiith flow cytometry in 60 cases of LSCC samples(group A)and 30 cases of normal laryngeal mucosa tissues(group B).Group A was subdivided into two groups of A1(12case,with lymph node metastasis)and A2(48 cases,without lymph node metastasis).Results The expression of PTEN protein in group A was lower than that of group B(P<0.01),which was also lower in group A1than that in group A2(P<0.01).The expressions of PTEN protein in clinical stages ofⅠ and Ⅱ,well and moderate differentiation were higher than those of stages ofⅢandⅣstages or lower differentiation(P<0.05).The positive rate of PTEN protein in the patients survived beyond five years was higher than that of less than five years(P<0.01).Conclusion PTEN protein may be an important indicator for evaluating the prognosis of the patients with LSCC.

Objective To study the changes of hearing function and cochlear morphology on diffuse brain in-jury model in rat .Methods One hundred and fifty SD rats with normal hearing were randomly divided into five groups ,each group consisted of 30 SD rats ,including a control group and four experimental groups which endured diffuse brain injury(DBI) from one to four weeks .Diffuse brain injury model of rats were established ,then ABR , 40 Hz AERP and ASSR examination ,light microscopy ,electron microscopy were used to evaluate the change of hearing function and morphology .Results The difference of ABR ,40 Hz AERP and ASSR thresholds between the experimental and the normal control group were significant (P<0 .05) .The thresholds of ABR ,40HzAERP and AS-SR were increased in the first week of DBI ,then the threshold continuously increased in the second and third week , at last the threshold decreased in the fourth week .The results under scaning electron microscope demonstrated that the ciliums of the majority of outer hair cells lodged in the first week of DBI .The results under transmission electron microscope showed that in the first week of DBI ,there were edema and denuration of mitochondrial ,mitochondrial cristaes were obscured or disappeared .The changes were deteriorate in the second and third week ,whereas the changes were mitigatal in the fourth week .Conclusion Cochlear morphology and hearing damage were observed in diffuse brain injury model of rats .

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN)protein in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC).Methods The expression of PTEN protein was detected wiith flow cytometry in 60 cases of LSCC samples(group A)and 30 cases of normal laryngeal mucosa tissues(group B).Group A was subdivided into two groups of A1(12case,with lymph node metastasis)and A2(48 cases,without lymph node metastasis).Results The expression of PTEN protein in group A was lower than that of group B(P0.01),which was also lower in group A1than that in group A2(P0.01).The expressions of PTEN protein in clinical stages ofⅠ and Ⅱ,well and moderate differentiation were higher than those of stages ofⅢandⅣstages or lower differentiation(P0.05).The positive rate of PTEN protein in the patients survived beyond five years was higher than that of less than five years(P0.01).Conclusion PTEN protein may be an important indicator for evaluating the prognosis of the patients with LSCC.

目的 利用Western Blot、RT- PCR技术,探讨SD大鼠弥漫性脑损伤后,耳蜗HO-1、iNOS蛋白与mRNA表达及对ABR的影响.方法 建立弥漫性脑损伤大鼠模型并随机分组,采用听性脑干反应测定、Western Blot、RT- PCR技术,观察各组动物听性脑干反应变化及耳蜗HO-1与iNOS的表达.结果 外伤后各组ABR阈值及各波潜伏期、波间期比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).HO-1、iNOS蛋白与mRNA在外伤后各组耳蜗内表达变化明显,光密度值比较均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 耳蜗功能的改变可能与HO-1与iNOS蛋白与mRNA表达升高有关,认为HO-1、iNOS基因与蛋白水平的改变,在内耳损伤与抗损伤机制中二者共同构成了重要调节机制.

Objective To explore the effects of diffuse traumatic brain injury on inner ear ultrastructure and auditory function of rats.Methods Diffuse traumatic brain injury model of rats was established and all 150 rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental groups (including 1-,2-,3-,4-week after injury group)(n =30 in each group).Then auditory brainstem response examination,light microscope and electron microscope technique were used to evaluate the change of hearing function and morphology. The peak latency (PL),the interpeak latency(IPL)were recorded and compared.Results The control group of rats cochlear structures was normal,whereas there were changes of inner ear ultrastructure in the traumatic groups.The threshold values in 1-,2-,3-,4-week after injury group were higher than those in control group [ (18.50±7.83 ),(17.83±8.35 ),(16.00±7.12),(15.42±7.21)dB vs(1.17±2.13)dB] (all P＜0.05).Meanwhile,the PL and IPL in experimental groups were higher than those in control group (all P＜0.05 ).Conclusions Diffuse traumatic brain injury can affect the inner ear ultrastructure and auditory function of rats.The auditory function may be related with the ultrastructure change of inner ear.

Objective To study the correlation between the expression of HO-1 in cochlear with the changes of auditory brainstem response(ABR),40Hz AERP and auditory steady-state response examination(ASSR) in diffuse traumatic brain injury model rats.Methods Diffuse traumatic brain injury model of rats were established and randomly divided into five groups,i.e.normal control,one week after trauma,2,3,and 4 weeks after trauma respectively.Then ABR,40Hz AERP and ASSR,light microscope,electron microscope,immunohistochemistry technique were used to evaluate the changes of hearing function and morphology.Results The expression of HO-1 in the control group was normal,whereas there were obviously changes of HO-1 expression in inner ears of the traumatic groups.The differences of thresholds of ABR,40Hz AERP and ASSR between the traumatic groups and the normal control group were obvious(P<0.05).The expression of HO-1 in traumatic groups were significantly associated with the changes of auditory function(P<0.05).Conclusion To varying degrees,the diffuse traumatic brain injury can influence the expression of HO-1 in the inner ear and auditory functions of model rats.The changes of thresholds of ABR,40Hz AERP and ASSR may be associated with that of HO-1 expression in inner ear.

Objective To study expression of HO-1 in the cochlea and its correlation to auditory function in a rat model of diffuse traumatic brain injury.Methods Model rats of diffuse traumatic brain injury were created and randomly divided into five groups.Auditory brainstem responses,light microscopy and,immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate hearing function and morphologic changes.Results Expression of HO-1 in the normal control group was absent,whereas various levels of inner ear HO-1 expression were seen in the trauma groups.The auditory brainstem response thresholds and interwave latencies were different between the trauma and normal control groups(P 0.05).HO-1 expression levels were correlated to auditory function changes in trauma groups(P 0.05).Conculsion Inner ear HO-1 expression and auditory function are affected by diffuse traumatic brain injury,and decreased auditory function may be associated with changes of HO-1 expression in inner ear.

目的:研究鼻内翻性乳头状瘤(nasal inveaed papilloma,NIP)及癌变组织中PTEN蛋白表达以及细胞周期的变化.探讨PTEN蛋白与肿瘤发生发展的关系.方法:采用流式细胞术检测20例正常鼻黏膜、30例NIP、20例NIP伴不典型增生及36例NIP癌变组织中FTEN蛋白表达和细胞周期变化.结果:NIP、NIP伴不典型增生及NIP癌变组织中PTEN蛋白表达逐渐降低.统计学分析表明PTEN蛋白在NIP瘤癌变组织中的表达与正常鼻黏膜、NIP及NIP伴不典型增生比较差异均有显著性(P<0.01).细胞周期分析显示:从正常鼻黏膜组织、NIP伴不典型增生到癌变组织的S期组分逐渐增加,NIP癌变组织的S期组分与正常鼻黏膜、NIP及NIP伴不典型增生比较差异均有显著性(P<0.01).结论:NIP癌变组织中PTEN蛋白表达降低导致细胞周期中S期组分升高.PTEN蛋白异常表达及细胞周期调控障碍可能在NIP恶变过程中发挥重要作用.

Objective To explore the effects of Zinc Protoporphyrin and Heme on the expression of HO-1 in cochlear and the change of auditory brainstem response on diffuse traumatic brain injury model of rats.Methods Diffuse traumatic brain injury model of rats were established and randomly divided into thirteen groups.Then auditory brainstem response examination,light microscope,immunohistochemistry technique were used to evaluate the change of auditory brainstem response and the expression of HO-1 in cochlear.Results The differences of auditory brainstem response threshold and latency of wave between the experimental and the normal control group were obvious(P＜0.05).The expression of HO-1 in the control group was normal,whereas there were obvious changes of inner ear HO-1 expression in the traumatic groups.The grey value of HO-1 expression in trauma group,Znpp group and heme group was significantly associated with auditory function change(P＜0.05).Conclusion There were influence of Zinc Protoporphyrin and Hemeon the inner ear HO-1 expression and the change of auditory brainstem response with diffuse traumatic brain injury model of rats.The protective effect of heme on auditory function may be associated with the increased expression of HO-1.

Head and neck carcinoma is the fifth common tumor globally,accounting for less than 10% of all malignant tumors in Europe and America,while it is more common in China,accounting for 19.9% to 30.2%.Head and neck carcinomas,a large class of diseases,have a lot of identical or similar characteristics with each other.In clinical practice,about 70% ~ 80% of the patients are locally advanced,for whom operation and radiotherapy progress can not increase the long-term survival rate.Therefore,the key point of the treatment of head and neck carcinoma is early diagnosis.With the development of proteomics technology,it may be a reality for us to discover the early markers for early detection of head and neck carcinoma.This article is mainly a general literature review of head and neck carcinoma proteomics research and the expression of tumor related proteins.