【Objective】The present paper aimed to establish the evaluation method of heat resistance of leek resources, select heat-resistant leek varieties, and solve the problem of shortage of heat-resistant leek varieties in Guangxi.【Method】Taking three kinds of local germplasm resources of leek（marked as A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and I, respectively） of Guangxi large leaf leek, wide leaf leek and thin leaf leek collected from the general survey of germplasm resources by Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs（2015-2020） as test materials, the changes of the maximum growth length of leek leaves, the newly increased aboveground biomass and the contents of chlorophyll, proline and malondialdehyde after 7 days of high temperature stress at 38 ℃ were measured.Combined with field natural high temperature stress（field group） actual heat resistance performance, the heat resistance of different types of leek was comprehensively evaluated by multivariate statistical analysis（variance analysis, principal component analysis, membership function method and cluster analysis） methods.【Result】Under high temperature stress of 38 ℃,the maximum leaf growth length and the newly increased biomass of 9 leek germplasms of the three types in Guangxi were extremely significantly decreased compared with their proper temperature control（CK）（P＜0.01）.The largest decline was the type of large-leaved leek, and the smallest decline was the type of fine-leaved leek.Chlorophyll content decreased to different degrees, of which the largest decline was the type of leek with large leaves, and the smallest decline was the type of leek with thin leaves.The content of MDA increased to different degrees, of which the largest increase was the type of leek with large leaves, and the smallest increase was the type of leek with thin leaves.Pro content increased to different degrees, of which, the largest increase was the type of leek with thin leaves, and the smallest increase was the type of leek with large leaves.The comprehensive evaluation results showed that the heat tolerance of the three kinds of local leek germplasm resources of leek in Guangxi was ranked as follows: leek with thin leaves＞leek with broad leaves＞leek with large leaves.Germplasm G（No.2016451159） and Germplasm I（No.2016453604） had the strongest heat tolerance among the nine leek germplasms, and Germplasm C（No.SC20191200） had the weakest heat tolerance.【Conclusion】The maximum growth length of leaves, new aboveground biomass and the content of chlorophyll, Pro and MDA contents were used as the evaluation indicators of heat tolerance of leek germplasm resources, the heat tolerance of three kinds of leek germplasm resources in Guangxi can be ranked as follows: Leek with thin leaves＞ leek with broad leaves＞leek with large leaves by variance analysis, principal component analysis, membership function and cluster analysis.Germplasm G and germplasm I were determined to be more heat-resistant, while germplasm C was the least heat-resistant.

采用小RNA(sRNA)深度测序技术,结合RT-PCR技术对广西9个辣椒主产区具有典型病毒病症状的病样进行检测,共发现10种病毒,其中小米椒内源RNA病毒1(Capsicum frutescens endornavirus 1,CFEV 1)、辣椒潜隐病毒 2(pepper cryptic virus 2,PCV 2)、烟草轻型绿花叶病毒(tobacco mild green mosaic virus,TMGMV)和辣椒黄脉病毒(pepper vein yellows virus,PeVYV)是在广西辣椒上首次发现,且CFEV 1在中国是首次发现.10种病毒在75份辣椒病样中的总检出率为8.00％～66.67％,前5位依次为辣椒脉斑驳病毒(chilli veinal mottle virus,ChiVMV,66.67％)、甜椒脉斑驳病毒(pepper veinal mottle virus,PVMV,62.67％)、黄瓜花叶病毒(cucumber mosaic virus,CMV,41.33％)、CFEV 1(32.0％)以及PCV 2(26.67％).ChiVMV、PVMV、CMV和CFEV 1在广西7～9个辣椒主产区广泛分布,推测为优势病毒.除桂林外,其他8个辣椒主产区均含以上4种优势病毒中的1～3种,但在桂林,这4种病毒的检出率偏低或检不出,其优势病毒种类是PMMoV和PCV2.广西辣椒病毒病复合侵染率为94.66％,3种(检出率42.67％)和4种(检出率24.00％)病毒复合侵染是主要形式.3种复合侵染中以ChiVMV+PVMV+CMV 和 ChiVMV+CFEV 1+ChiRSV 占比最高(均为 18.75％),4 种复合侵染中以 ChiVMV+PVMV+CMV+CFEV 1 占比最高(16.67％).

为解决广西横县夏种包心芥菜幼苗移栽后成活率低、产量低的问题,对耐热包心芥菜品种筛选以及育苗方式、移栽时防病、促缓苗及促包心等高效栽培关键技术进行了研究,结果表明:(1) "大坪埔包心芥菜"产量为3 522.2 kg/667 m2,显著高于其他品种,且表现耐热,适合在横县夏季推广种植;(2)采用漂浮育苗培育出的幼苗在株高、茎粗、地上部分鲜质量、地下部分鲜质量以及单株鲜质量方面显著高于传统穴盘育苗;(3)采用混配药液作定根水,包心芥菜幼苗移栽成活率显著提高,为96.37% ;(4)20 mg/L "九二〇"处理定植后10 d的包心芥菜幼苗,收获时产量显著高于其他浓度处理;(5)在包心芥菜生长中期末适当增施磷钾肥可显著提高产量,较适宜的组合为增施10 kg/667 m2的磷酸二氢钾 + 500倍稀释的葛效达.该研究结果可为广西夏种包心芥菜品种选择及高效生产提供依据.

辣椒脉斑驳病毒(chilli veinal mottle virus,ChiVMV)于1979年在马来半岛的辣椒上被首次报道,现已蔓延至世界各地.在中国,ChiVMV自2003年在陕西出现以来,已在四川、湖南、贵州等辣椒主产区大面积发生,成为严重危害辣椒生产的主要病害之一.本文中重点对ChiVMV危害症状、传播以及株系分化、基因组结构及功能、辣椒抗性鉴定、遗传以及分子标记定位等方面研究进行综述,以期为抗病育种工作提供理论参考.

五彩椒(Capsicum annuum L. var. cerasiforme Bailey)原产于美洲热带地区,为茄科辣椒属多年生草本植物,是樱桃辣椒的一种,常作一年生栽培.果实单生朝天,圆球形,单果质量4～9 g,有乳白色、紫色、黄色、橙色、红色5种颜色,果皮薄、肉脆、辣度高,适合作观赏盆栽或现代农业示范园区种植,也适合规模化加工生产.五彩椒在我国广西、贵州、云南等地均有栽培,其中广西种植面积最大,是广西的名特优产品,通过线上和线下销售至全国各地.目前广西五彩椒常年种植面积5 333 hm2(8万亩)左右,但由于常年种植单一品种,导致种性退化,露地栽培病毒病发病率高达60%以上,产量、品质及经济效益大幅降低,严重阻碍了广西五彩椒产业的健康发展.

对广西9个市县辣椒病毒病的发生情况进行初步调查,并采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法(DAS-ELISA)鉴定75份辣椒疑似病毒病样本的8种常见蔬菜病毒.结果 表明,桂南、桂中地区辣椒病毒病发生普遍较桂西、桂北地区的严重.共有71份辣椒样本检测呈阳性,其中辣椒脉斑驳病毒(Chilli veinal mottle virus,ChiVMV)的侵染最普遍,总检出率最高,达63.38％,为广西辣椒的优势病原种类;甜椒叶脉斑驳病毒(Pepper vein mottle virus,PVMV)、黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)、辣椒轻斑驳病毒(Pepper mild mottle virus,PMMoV)、辣椒环斑病毒(Chilli ring spot virus,ChiRSV)的侵染也很普遍,总检出率分别为56.34％、43.66％、35.21％和33.80％.在71份阳性样本中,有87.32％的样本受2种及2种以上病毒的复合侵染,受2种或3种病毒复合侵染的分别占32.39％和29.58％;2种病毒复合侵染类型中,以ChiVMV+CMV、PVMV+PMMoV复合侵染最普遍,均占21.74％;3种病毒复合侵染类型中,以ChiVMV+CMV+PVMV复合侵染最普遍,占23.81％.

[Objective]To provide technical support for the application and popularization of frost-prevention for cu-cumber,the effects of frost-prevention technique on morphology,antioxidant enzyme activity and cell membrane permea-bility of cucumber seedlings were analyzed under simulated frost condition.[Method]Cucumber seedlings were treated with frost-prevention technique(TR)under simulated frost condition,and then plant height,stem diameter,leaf length, leaf width and index of chilling injury were investigated at different times after temperature drop treatment.Antioxidant enzyme activity and other physiological indexes were measured 1 d before temperature dropped to 10 ℃/5 ℃(-1 d)and 1,3,5 d after temperature dropped to 10 ℃/5 ℃.[Result]Under simulated natural frost conditions,the relative plant height of cucumber seedlings after 3 d of TR group was 106.00%,which was significantly higher than that of CK 95.50% (P<0.05,the same below).There was no significant difference in relative stem diameter,relative leaf length,and relative leaf between TR and CK(P>0.05,the same below).The chilling injury indexes of TR group was 40.67% after 5 d tempera-ture drop treatment,which was significantly lower than that of CK.Superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)ac-tivities of cucumber seedlings were significantly higher than those of CK after TR group for-1 d.The activities of SOD and CAT showed an upward trend after 1-3 d of treatment and were higher than those of CK,but the difference was not significant.Peroxidase(POD)activity of TR during-1-2 d of treatment was higher than CK,and it was lower than CK 3-5 d after treatment,but the difference was not significant.The content of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)in TR group and CK group increased during-1-5 d of temperature drop treatment.The content of H2O2was lower than that of CK after treat-ment.Malondialdehyde contents(MDA)of TR group did not change greatly before and after temperature drop treatment, but it was significantly lower than that of CK on day 1 and day 5 after treatment.[Conclusion]Applying frost-prevention technique before the frost can improve the tolerance of cucumber seedlings against frost,and reduce the chilling injury of cucumber seedlings.

硒是人体必需的微量营养元素之一, 我国1/3的地区严重缺硒. 植物通过自身的新陈代谢作用,可以将无机硒转化为生物活性高、更安全的有机硒,利用富硒的水果、蔬菜、稻米等农产品的摄入来补硒是最安全有效的途径[1,2]. 水培是一种新型的蔬菜栽培方式,具有高效、清洁、一致性高、可控性强等优点[3].以迷你型温室水耕床(专利号:ZL201320519728.6)为例,介绍一种速生叶菜富硒水培生产的床架结构、育苗定植、施硒、采收等相关栽培技术.

[Objective] To provide a reference for remediating facility soil salinization in Guangxi,remediation effects of salt leaching and salt absorbing by rotation on facility saline soil were studied.[Method]With slight sulfate-type facility saline soil as research object which were treated with salt leaching by soaking in water with no tillage,tillage and salt absorbing by rotation,the content of soluble salt,SO42-,nutrients,physicochemical characters and microbial quantities of saline soil were determined,and the effects of salt leaching and salt absorbing by rotation on the indexes above were analyzed.[Result] The content of soluble salt and SO42-decreased significantly,the drop rate of total nutrient content was the lowest in the treatment of soaking in water with no tillage for 5 days.In the treatment of rotation sesame,the content of soluble salt,S042-,total nutrients and total exchangeable cations in soil decreased the most,and significantly higher than that of other treatments,but the total soil porosity and number of microorganisms increased the most,and significantly higher than that of other treat-ments.After treatment with soaking in water with no tillage for 5 days and rotation sesame,the soluble salt content in slight facility saline soil decreased above 60.00 ％,and the yield of bitter gourd and pepper were increased significantly.[Conclusion] The best treatment was soaking in water with no tillage for 5 days because of the high salt leaching rate,low decrease rate of soil nutrients,time-saving and labor-saving.Sesame not only had strong ability to absorb salt and nutrients,but also improved soil physicochemical characters and micro ecological environment.So it was an ideal rotation plant for remediating sulfate-type facility saline soil.And the combination treatment of soaking in water with no tillage for 5 days and rotation sesame were effective for remediating slight facility saline soil.

In order to improve fruit set rate and reduce abnormal fruit rate of bell pepper,this paper took bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.var.grossum) cultivar ‘Shijihong’ as testing material,and studied on the effects of 3 kinds of formulas on the yield,numbers of fruit set and commodity fruit rate of bell pepper.The application effects of the optimum formula on pod pepper,linear hot pepper,and ox horn pepper were compared under low temperature and weak illumination,suboptimal temperature and weak illumination,and high temperature.The result indicated that spraying formula P2 (Solution A:Compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.03 g . mL-1,Solution B:Gibberellin 0.10 g · mL-1,2,4-D sodium salt 0.01 g · mL-1,Naphthalene acetic acid sodium salt 0.10 g · mL-1) had the best effect on retention of flower and fruit.The yield per plot of bell pepper and number of fruit set were all significantly higher than that of the CK and yet the commodity fruit rate and single fruit weight had no remarkable differences from the CK.After spraying P2 formula on different types of pepper,the yield per plot of pepper,numbers of fruit set were significantly increased,and yet there were no significant difference between the CK and P2 in commodity fruit rate and single fruit weight.Therefore,formula P2 could solve the contradiction between abnormal fruit rate and fruit set rate of sweet pepper or hot pepper,and had good stability.So formula P2 could be used in different types of pepper under different environmental stress on retention of pepper flower and fruit.

建立了同时测定植物组织中玉米素(ZT)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、赤霉素类(GA1、GA3、GA4)、脱落酸(ABA)、茉莉酸(JA)7种植物激素的超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱法(UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS).采用C18色谱柱(50×2.1 mm,1.8 μm)分离,以甲醇-0.1％甲酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,在多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行定性定量分析,外标法定量.7种植物激素的检出限为0.01～8.77 ng·mL-1,定量限为0.02～29.23 ng·mL-1,在实验所采用的浓度范围内线性相关系数(R2)在0.9870～0.9990之间.植物样本前处理采用C18-SPE小柱进行富集和纯化,极大地减少了基质干扰.在辣椒叶片基质中,7种植物激素在低、中、高3个加标水平下的平均回收率为65.8％～90.9％,相对标准偏差(RSDs,n=5)为2.1％～5.5％.该方法简单、快速,灵敏,准确,适用于对植物组织中多种激素的同时测定.

根据彩椒和包心芥菜的特性和广西种植习惯,从棚室结构、土壤要求、播种时期、品种选择、育苗方法、苗期管理、水肥管理、病虫害防治、采收等方面介绍了广西大棚彩椒套种芥菜栽培技术要点,对提高华南地区大棚彩椒经济效益具有一定意义.

‘Guiyou No.5’is a chieh-qua F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred line 06-23-5-7-7-7 as female parent with 07-27-6-8-12-15 as male parent. The plant has strong growth vigor. It bears fruit at the main side branch. It is of early and medium maturity. It takes 65-75 days from sowing to harvest in spring planting,and 45-50 days in summer and autumn planting. The commercial tender fruit is of cylinder shape,green in color,25-30 cm in length,and 6-8 cm in diameter. The single tender fruit is 0.50-0.75 kg in weight and the ripe one is 1.5-4.0 kg. Its flesh is light green in color. It tastes crispy and sweet. The fruit has good quality and firm hardness. It is tolerant to storage and transportation. The yield is 52.5-75.0 t.hm-2 in spring planting and over 52.5 t.hm-2 in summer and autumn planting. It is suitable to be cultivated in South China in spring,summer and autumn.

广西是我国重要的秋冬蔬菜生产基地，辣椒是广西秋冬种单一蔬菜作物种植面积最大的蔬菜，2013年种植面积达7.2万hm2（108万亩），年产值也高达23亿元，成为广西部分地区增收的主要经济作物，为繁荣地方经济作出了重要贡献。

[目的]探索广西大棚蔬菜高效栽培新模式,为降低大棚蔬菜病虫危害程度和实现广西大棚蔬菜持续高效发展提供参考依据.[方法]比较9个大棚蔬菜周年栽培模式的成本、利润、投入产出比、茬口时间安排,比较3个彩椒套种蔬菜模式的病虫害发生情况和经济效益.[结果]“春甜瓜—秋彩椒”模式的成本最低、利润最高,“春黄瓜—秋彩椒”和“春黄瓜—秋番茄”次之;“黄瓜—甜瓜—叶菜”模式和“黄瓜—水果玉米—黄瓜”模式在时间安排上紧凑,种植户可根据实际情况参考选择.彩椒套种结球芥菜或大白菜均可增加彩椒产量,降低病虫害发生程度,综合效益明显.[结论]大棚蔬菜周年生产模式“春甜瓜—秋彩椒”、“春黄瓜—秋彩椒”和“春黄瓜—秋番茄”及彩椒套种芥菜和大白菜模式是目前广西大棚蔬菜的高效栽培模式,种植户可因地制宜选择应用.