Objective:To investigate the effect of Ponte osteotomy combined with bony bridge dissection and intervertebral bone grafting in the treatment of rigid degenerative scoliosis.Methods:From March 2017 to October 2021, this method was used to treat 21 cases of rigid degenerative scoliosis, including 7 males and 14 females, aged 59-76 years, with an average age of 67.6 years. All patients had intractable low back pain and limited standing and walking, while 15 patients had radiation pain in lower limbs. The preoperative standing X-ray film showed that the average Cobb angle of lumbar scoliosis was 51.3°±24.1°, the average lumbar lordosis was 5.4°±13.6°. The coronal balance distance (CBD) was 4.3±2.0 cm (range, 0.5-6.2 cm), and the sagittal vertical axis (SVA) was 5.9±3.1 cm (range, 1.5-6.8 cm). The bending images showed huge osteophyte with bone bridge formation in the vertebral body of the apex region, with poor mobility. Ponte osteotomy was performed according to the degeneration of the deformity. The bone bridge at apex area was cut off, and the intervertebral spaces at apex area and slipped or subluxated levels were release and grafted with granular autogenous decompression bone. During follow-up, the efficacy and deformity improvement were evaluated with visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI) and standing X-ray films.Results:All patients successfully completed the operation. The operation time was 190-330 min, with an average of 250±68 min. The intraoperative bleeding was 700-1600 ml, with an average of 970±260ml. The patients were followed up for 12-36 months, with an average of 20.6±7.2 months. No internal fixation failure, fracture or revision occurred. At the last follow-up, the VAS of low back pain decreased from preoperative 6.1±2.2 to 2.1±1.8 ( t=6.45, P<0.001), and the leg pain decreased from 5.5±3.4 to 1.2±1.0 ( t=5.56, P<0.001).ODI decreased from 52.2%±22.2% to 16.4%±10.6% ( t=6.67, P<0.001). The Cobb angle of lumbar scoliosis was 19.3°±10.5°, with an average correction rate of 62.4%; lumbar lordosis was 34.4°±15.6 °, with average correction of 30°. CBD was 1.9±1.1 cm, with an average correction of 2.4 cm ( t=4.42, P<0.001); and SVA was 1.6±2.1 cm, with an average correction of 4.3 cm ( t=4.90, P<0.001). Conclusion:Ponte osteotomy combined with bone bridge dissection and intervertebral bone grafting is an effective method to treat rigid degenerative scoliosis, which can improve spinal sequence, CBD and SVA, avoid vertebral osteotomy and reduce fusion segments.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and validity of enriched autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and annular suture for repairing defect after lumbar discectomy.Methods:Enrichment of autologous BMSCs: autologous bone marrow blood was collected from 5 patients undergoing lumbar surgery, and nucleated cells were enriched on gelatin sponge particles by selective cell retention technique. From October 2016 to March 2019, 109 patients with lumbar disc herniation underwent discectomy with mobile microendoscopic discectomy technique, including 61 males and 48 females, aged 24-59 years. Discectomy group: 26 cases received simple discectomy. Suture group: 39 cases received annular suture after discectomy. BMSCs+suture group: 44 cases received intradisc transplantation of gelatin sponge particles enriched with autologous BMSCs and annular suture after discectomy. The perioperative conditions were recorded, with visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI), Pfirrmann grade of disc degeneration, disc height and degree of herniationevaluated after operation.Results:In enrichment test with flow cytometry, the enrichment multiple of nucleated cells and target cells was 6.4±0.9 and 4.2±0.6 respectively, and BMSCs grew well in vitro. The operation time was 35-55 mins. 7 cases in the suture group were transferred to the discectomy group and 10 cases in the BMSCs+suture group were transferred to BMSCs group due to unsuccessful suture. There were no significant differences in VAS, ODI, Pfirrmann grade of disc degeneration, disc height and degree of herniation among the groups. There was no significant difference in intraoperative bleeding, postoperative drainage and length of hospital stay. The incision was healed without redness and swelling. 18 patients were followed up for 6 months, and 91 cases were followed up for 1-3 years (25.0±5.6 months). There was no interbody fusion, heterotopic ossification or infection during follow-up. VAS and ODI decreased significantly after operation in all patients. At final follow-up, the VAS improvement rate of BMSCs+suture group (81.7%±7.9%) was higher than discectomy group (73.0%±8.9%), suture group (74.0%±6.9%) and BMSCs group (75.3%±8.4%); the ODI improvement rate of BMSCs+suture group (91.9%±8.8%) was higher than discectomy group (86.2%±8.1%) and suture group (86.4%±5.5%). According to MRI, the Pfirrmann grade of disc increased 0.7 in discectomy group, 0.6 in suture group, while it did not increased significantly in BMSCs+suture group and BMSCs group, and the progress of Pfirrmann grade in BMSCs+suture group and BMSCs group were lighter than discectomy group and suture group.The disc height decreased in each group, the loss rate of disc height in BMSCs+suture group (17.2%±4.3%) was less than discectomy group (29.3%± 6.3%) and suture group (20.6%±5.7%); and suture group was less than discectomy group. The degree of herniation was reduced by more than 50% in all groups, while 1 case in discectomy group had herniation without clinical symptoms.Conclusion:Autologous BMSCs and annulus suture are safe and effective in repairing the defect after lumbar discectomy, which may help to slow down the degeneration of intervertebral disc.

Objective:To explore the ideal method of minimally invasive anterior lumbar extraperitoneal approach.Methods:Twenty-one adult embalmed cadavers underwent longitudinal incision near the left rectus abdominis, the extraperitoneal space and peritoneal characteristics were observed; the L 2-S 1 disc was exposed through extraperitoneal approach, and the relationship between the anterior large vessels and the disc was observed. One hundred adult abdominal CT were collected to measure the distance between the extraperitoneal fat of anterior abdominal wall and the rectus abdominis and the anterior midline at L 2-S 1 segment. One hundred and fifty adult lumbar MRI were collected to measure the distance between the anterior great vessels and the anterior midline of the intervertebral disc. Fifty-six cases of lumbar fusion were performed by minimally invasive anterior lumbar extraperitoneal approach, including 25 males and 31 females, aged 29-71 years. L 2-L 4 in 8 cases was performed by left rectus abdominis oblique incision, and L 4-S 1 in 48 cases was performed by median left transverse incision, with a length of about 8 cm, the complications related to the surgical approach were evaluated. Results:L 2-L 4 was proximal to the arcuate line, the posterior sheath of rectus abdominis adhered to the peritoneum, which was easy to rupture when separated; the peritoneum gradually thickened from the outer edge of the sheath of rectus abdominis and extraperitoneal fat appears. L 4-S 1 could be exposed distal to the arcuate line, the posterior side of rectus abdominis was extraperitoneal fat, the extension of arcuate line to the lateral abdominal wall would be slightly separated proximally, and there were multiple iliopsoas veins in the medial side of psoas major muscle. L 5S 1 was between the right common iliac artery and the left common iliac vein far, the median sacral vessel was small or absent, and the sympathetic nerve was to the left. Extraperitoneal fat appeared 36.2±9.9 mm, 35.2±11.6 mm and 27.6±11.2 mm away from the outer edge of rectus abdominis at L 2, 3, L 3, 4 and L 4, 5 segments respectively, and covered the posterior side of rectus abdominis and reached the midline at L 5S 1 segment. The left edge of abdominal aorta was 14.9±5.1 mm, 13.9±4.6 mm and 19.7±5.9 mm away from the midline at L 2, 3, L 3, 4 and L 4, 5 level respectively; the inferior vena cava was located on the right side of the midline at L 2, 3 and L 3, 4 level, crossed the midline 4.6±8.7 mm at L 4, 5 level. At L 5S 1 level, the left common iliac vein and the right common iliac artery were 14.6±6.8 mm and 17.6±5.3 mm away from the midline respectively. Seventy-six patients were successfully and fully exposed by small incision through extraperitoneal approach. 1 case of L 4, 5 had iliac lumbar vein tear and hemostasis with bipolar electrocoagulation. The operation time was 70-120 min, with an average of 90 min; Intraoperative bleeding was 15-70 ml, with an average of 30 ml. No severe complication such as nerve and great vessel injury occurred. Conclusion:Minimally invasive lumbar anterior retroperitoneal approach has small trauma and sufficient exposure with good feasibility. L 2-L 4 can be exposed with supine position and oblique incision next to the left rectus abdominis muscle, and L 4~S 1 with French position and median left transverse incision.

Objective:To investigate the feasibility and clinical effects of thoracic endoscopic-assisted anterior-lateral decompression and fusion for thoracolumbar or upper lumbar disc herniation (LDH) associated with vertebral osteochondrosis (VO).Methods:From December 2017 to December 2019, 10 patients of thoracolumbar or upper LDH associated with VO were treated with thoracic endoscopic-assisted anterior-lateral decompression and fusion, including 6 men and 4 women, with an average 49.2 years old (range, 37 to 65 years old). The involved levels included T 12L 1 in 5 cases, L 1, 2 in 2 cases and L 2, 3 in 3 cases. There were 4 cases of simple thoracolumbar or upper LDH associated with VO and 6 cases of thoracolumbar or upper LDH associated with VO combined with ligamentum flavum hyperplasia and ossification or kyphosis (combined with posterior decompression and internal fixation or posterior correction surgery). The visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI) and anterior and posterior height of intervertebral space were evaluated at follow-up. The clinical effects were evaluated according to the modified MacNab criteria. Results:The operation was performed successfully in all the patients. During the operation, the herniated disc and ossification were clearly exposed and completely removed, with the sufficient decompression of spinal cord, nerve root and dural sac. The operation duration was 115.4±23.8 minutes (range, 70 to 180 mins). Intraoperative bleed loss was 122.6±21.3 ml (range, 40 to 310 ml). The patients were followed up for averagely 21.6 months (range, 12 to 36 months). At the final follow-up, VAS score decreased from preoperative 7.2±1.9 to 1.8±1.1, and ODI decreased from preoperative 64.3%±13.9% to 16.3%±5.1% ( P<0.05). The anterior height of intervertebral space recovered from preoperative 7.8±1.5 mm to 11.9±2.3 mm, and the posterior height of intervertebral space recovered from preoperative 4.5±1.1 mm to 7.4±1.6 mm ( P<0.05). According to modified MacNab criteria, the results were excellent in 9 cases and good in 1 case. Conclusion:For thoracolumbar or upper LDH associated with VO, thoracic endoscopic-assisted anterior-lateral decompression and fusion provided clear vision of the surgical field, fully exposed and completely removed the herniated disc and ossification, which achieved satisfactory short-term results.

颈椎间盘突出症是临床常见的脊柱疾病之一,其导致脊髓和(或)神经根受压引起相应的临床症状,严重影响患者的生存质量.近年来,随着脊柱内镜技术的飞速发展,内镜手术逐渐被用于治疗颈椎间盘突出症,并且获得了良好临床疗效,同时具备创伤小、术后康复快、并发症少等优势.本文就内镜手术治疗颈椎间盘突出症的应用现状、临床疗效以及并发症等进行综述,以期为临床医师提供参考.

退变性腰椎滑脱(DLS)属于脊柱外科常见疾病,是引起成年人腰腿痛的重要原因之一,严重影响患者的生活质量.临床上DLS主要表现为腰痛、神经根放射性疼痛及间歇性跛行等症状.对于DLS的治疗目前尚未形成统一的标准及认识,临床上存在多个争议点.从DLS治疗过程中存在的保守与手术选择、减压与融合、融合方式的选择、融合是否需要内固定、滑脱是否需要复位以及微创还是开放手术等相关争议问题展开综述,为临床上个性化治疗DLS提供参考.

背景:脊柱-骨盆矢状面序列对于退变性腰椎滑脱的诊治十分重要,但是目前关于退变性腰椎滑脱患者脊柱-骨盆矢状面序列的研究局限在站立位体位,坐位下的脊柱-骨盆矢状面序列未见相关报道.目的:分析退变性腰椎滑脱患者坐-立位脊柱-骨盆矢状位序列的影像学资料,探究退变性腰椎滑脱患者脊柱-骨盆矢状位序列从站立位到坐位的变化特点.方法:纳入2019年3至9月天津市天津医院收治的44例退变性腰椎滑脱患者,其中男12例,女32例,年龄50-84岁,所有患者均拍摄站立位全脊柱X射线片和坐位全脊柱X射线片,通过院内影像归档与通信系统测量每例患者的骨盆入射角、骨盆倾斜角、骶骨倾斜角、腰椎前凸角、胸椎后凸角、矢状面平衡轴等参数,比较退变性腰椎滑脱患者站立位、坐位矢状位序列的不同,运用Pearson相关分析探讨站立位、坐位脊柱-骨盆矢状位参数间相关性.试验获得天津市天津医院伦理委员会批准.结果与结论:①由站立位转变为坐位时,44例退变性腰椎滑脱患者的骨盆倾斜角增大[(21.3±10.1)°,(34.0±10.4)°,P<0.001]、骶骨倾斜角减小[(31.5±8.6)°,(20.8±12.7)°,P<0.001]、腰椎前凸角减小[(40.9±14.6)°,(25.8±15.0)°,P<0.001]、矢状面平衡轴增大[(43.0±43.4),(75.0±34.8)mm,P<0.001],骨盆入射角与胸椎后凸角无明显改变(P>0.05);②无论站位还是坐位,腰椎前凸角与其他5项参数均具有相关性(P<0.05);由站位转换为坐位后,骶骨倾斜角与矢状位平衡参数矢状面平衡轴的相关性消失(P>0.05),腰椎前凸角与矢状面平衡轴的相关性仍然存在(P<0.05);③结果表明退变性腰椎滑脱患者从站位转换为坐位时,脊柱-骨盆矢状位形态表现为骨盆围绕双侧股骨头发生后旋,骨盆呈后倾状态,腰椎生理曲度变浅,脊柱矢状位平衡轴前移.

Objective:To evaluate the value and efficacy of self-anchored anterior lumbar discectomy and fusion (SA-ALDF) for L 5 isthmic spondylolisthesis. Methods:From June 2018 to December 2019, a total of 11 cases of L 5 isthmic spondylolisthesis were treated with SA-ALDF, including 4 men and 7 women, aged 43.2±12.6 (range 29-63) years. All patients had intractable low back pain aggravating during standing activities and alleviating during rest, without lower extremity radicular symptoms. Imaging examination showed bilateral isthmus cleft of L 5 with spondylolisthesis of 1 degree in 10 cases and 2 degree in 1 case according to Meyerding grading system. Under general anesthesia and supine French position, transverse 6 cm incision was made. Then, the L 5S 1 intervertebral disc was exposed via extraperitoneal approach between the bifurcation of abdominal aorta and vena cava. The intervertebral disc was sufficiently removed. The intervertebral space was released and distracted followed by canal ventral decompression and sequential mold testing. Suitable self-anchoring cage filled with auto iliac cancellous bone was implanted to restore intervertebral height and lordosis as well as reduction of spondylolisthesis. Under fluoroscopic guidance, the distal anchoring plate was knocked into the sacrum followed by direct reduction and proximal anchoring plate locking in the L 5 vertebral body. The patients were followed up for 12.1±4.7 (range 6-18) months. The visual analogue score (VAS) and Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI) were evaluated. The reduction and fusion were evaluated on the X-ray films. Furthermore, the rate of spondylolisthesis, the height and the lordosis of intervertebral space were measured. Results:The operation was performed successfully in all the patients with operation duration 90±18 (range 70-120) min, intraoperative blood loss 30±16 (range 10-60) ml. No severe complication such as nerve and blood vessel injury occurred. All patients experienced alleviation of symptom during follow-up. X-rays confirmed that the spondylolisthesis and alignment were recovered obviously without obvious cage displacement. However, the loss of reduction was 63.2% for the grade 2 spondylolisthesis. At the final follow-up, VAS decreased from 6.1±2.1 to 0.9±0.5, ODI decreased from 43.6%±14.2% to 6.0%±3.4%. The spondylolisthesis recovered from 17.7%±10.3% to 8.0%±7.2% with reduction rate of 54.8%±21.6%. The interverbral height recovered from 6.4±2.1 mm to 9.8±3.9 mm and intervertebral lordosis recovered from 4.8°±2.9° to 9.6°±4.7°.Conclusion:SA-ALDF can provide satisfactory outcomes for selected L 5 isthmic spondylolisthesis of degree 1 without neurological compromise. However, its mechanical stability may be insufficient for isthmic spondylolisthesis of degree 2.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of self-anchored lateral lumbar interbody fusion (SA-LLIF) for lumbar degenerative diseases.Methods:During January to December in 2019, a total of 41 patients with lumbar degenerative disease were treated with SA-LLIF, included 18 males and 23 females, aged 59.6±11.3 (range 49-77) years. There were lumbar stenosis and instability in 17 cases, disc degenerative disease in 8 cases, degenerative spondylolisthesis in 8 cases, degenerative scoliosis in 5 cases, postoperative revision in 3 cases. And osteoporosis was diagnosed in 5 of them. The index level included L 2, 3 in 2 cases, L 3, 4 in 11 cases, L 4, 5 in 20 cases, L 2-L 4 in 3 cases and L 3-L 5 in 5 cases. After general anesthesia, the patient was placed in decubitus position. The anterior edge of psoas major muscle was exposed through 6 cm incision and extraperitoneal approach. Further, the psoas major muscle was properly retracted to expose the disc. After discectomy, the intervertebral space was prepared and moderately distracted. A suitable fusion cage filled with auto iliac graft was implanted. Two anchoring plates were inserted into the cage. Then, the caudal and cephalic vertebral body and the fusion cage were locked. Results:The operation was performed successfully in all the patients. The operation duration was 79.0±19.5 (range 60-100) min. Intraoperative bleed loss was 38.0±28.2 (range 15-70) ml. The patients were followed up for averagely 10.6±4.6 (range 4-15) months. The visual analogue scale decreased from preoperative 6.2±2.1 to 1.6±1.1 and Oswestry disability index decreased from 47.8%±15.1% to 11.0%±7.3%. X-ray showed that the spine alignment recovered satisfactorily. No cage displacement was found. Sinking (2-3 mm) of cage was found in 7 patients without obvious symptom despite transient lumbar pain in an obesity woman. The lumbar lordosis recovered from 36.4°±10.2° to 48.0°±10.7°, and intervertebral height recovered from 8.3±2.5 mm to 11.3±3.3 mm. The rate of spondylolisthesis recovered from 19.7%±4.4% to 9.3%±5.3%.Conclusion:SA-LLIF can provide immediate stability and good results for lumbar degenerative diseases with stand-alone anchoring cage without posterior internal fixation.

目的 探讨采用侧路椎间孔镜(percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy,PTED)治疗腰椎间盘突出症伴椎体后缘骨软骨病的手术策略.方法 2012年5月至2017年12月,我科采用PTED治疗腰椎间盘突出症伴椎体后缘骨软骨患者82例,其中男52例,女30例;年龄14～65岁,平均39.2岁.手术涉及T12～L1节段2例(2.4％),L1～2节段1例(1.2％)、L3～4节段7例(8.5％)、L4～5节段52例(63.4％)、L5～S1节段20例(24.3％).术前、术后随访进行疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)(下肢)和Oswestry功能障碍指数(oswestry disability index,ODI),末次随访根据改良MacNab标准评估手术疗效.结果 PTED术中因疼痛和显露困难转可动式椎间盘镜手术2例,发生出口神经根损伤1例.术后随访12～60个月,平均20.6个月.末次随访时VAS评分由术前(7.88±1.20)分下降至(0.70±0.83)分,ODI由术前(46.00±11.71)分下降至(4.80±5.90)分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).MacNab疗效评定优36例、良39例、可7例,优良率91.46％(75/82).结论 PETD适用于部分腰椎间盘突出症伴椎体后缘骨软骨患者,良好的疗效说明其临床应用具有可行性.手术不必追求完全切除骨化物,应围绕着"神经充分减压"这个中心目标.

目的 评估自锚式侧路腰椎椎间融合术(SA-LLIF)的价值和疗效,避免后路内固定,简化手术步骤.方法 选择2019年3月—6月在我科手术治疗的腰椎退变性疾病患者11例,男3例,女8例,年龄55～76岁,均有腰腿痛,站立和活动时加重,卧床时症状减轻一半以上或消失,包括腰椎失稳7例,滑脱4例(Ⅰ度3例,Ⅱ度1例),其中2例伴有骨质疏松症,2例伴有脊柱侧凸,责任节段L2～31例、L3～44例、L4～54例、L2～41例、L3～51例.应用带锚定嵌片的零切迹融合器经斜侧入路行腰椎椎体间融合术,避免后路内固定.全麻后患者呈右侧卧位,经左侧小切口腹膜外入路显露腰大肌前缘,向后适度牵开腰大肌显露责任椎间隙左侧方,处理椎间隙后植入合适大小的填满异体骨的融合器,将远近侧两个锚定嵌片依次插入融合器和邻近椎体,锁定融合器和椎体,均未放置引流.记录患者术前、术中、术后有关参数,并进行随访.采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评价临床疗效,X线片评估腰椎前凸角(LL)、椎间隙高度(DH)、滑脱率(S)、cage移位和下沉情况.结果 11例患者均顺利完成手术,手术时间65～110 min,平均(78.0±21.5)min,术中出血15～60 mL,平均(35.0±23.2)mL,均未发生神经、血管损伤等并发症.术后次日带腰围下地活动.VAS评分自术前(6.2±0.8)分降至(1.7±0.5)分,ODI评分自术前47.8％±14.9％降至术后11.2％±3.2％,差异均有统计学意义.术后X线片示脊柱序列恢复满意,内植物位置良好,LL自术前36.4°±10.2°恢复至术后48.0°±10.7°,DH自术前(8.3±2.5)mm恢复至(13.3±3.3)mm,S自术前26.7％±4.4％恢复至术后10.3％±5.3％,差异均有统计学意义.随访期间所有患者均未出现cage移位,1例肥胖患者融合器下沉约2 mm,其他患者均未出现融合器明显下沉.结论 SA-LLIF可以提供良好的即刻稳定性,避免后路内固定,操作简单,疗效优良.

Objective To explore the value and feasibility of clinical application of mobile microendoscopic discectomy (MMED) in cervical anterior surgery. Methods Fifteen patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) treated with MMED anterior surgery in Tianjin Hospital from May 2015 to December 2016 were included in this study. There were 9 males and 6 females in these patients, aged 39-73 years old, average (59.6 ± 14.1) years. Thirteen cases underwent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and 2 cases underwent anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) using MMED. Patients were under general anesthesia and in the supine position. With a 3-4 cm transverse incision, the lesion segment was exposed through classical anterior approach. After removal of disc in the intervertebral space, Caspar distractor was placed left front in the adjacent vertebrae, and MMED was placed on intervertebral space. Under MMED, the protruded disc and posterior vertebral spur were removed with angled curettage and ultra thin Kerrisson. The posterior longitudinal ligament was elevated and removed to expose the dural sac. Due to the tilting of MMED, the spinal cord was decompressed thoroughly. Bipolar coagulation was used for complete hemostasis. After withdrawal of MMED, the adjacent endplates were prepared, and supported with cage and allograft in ACDF and auto iliac graft in ACCF, followed by plate fixation. The operation time and blood loss were recorded. Patients were followed up for evaluating the efficacy. Results No serious complications such as neurological injury were found in fifteen patients. Due to excellent expose under MMED, complete decompression was easy to achieve. All patients experienced improvement of symptom after operation. The operation time ranged 80-150 min, average (110 ± 25) min. The intraoperative blood loss ranged 50-150 mL, average (80 ± 25) mL. Postoperative CT showed sufficient decompression with sound graft and fixation. The patients were followed up 6-18 months. The X-ray results showed good cervical alignment with satisfactory fusion. At final follow-up, the ODI decreased from preoperative 41.5±17.6 to 5.9±4.8, and JOA score improved from preoperative 8.9±4.2 to 15.4±5.1. The curative effects were excellent in 9 cases, good in 6 cases. Conclusion MMED cervical anterior surgery provides excellent expose and fine decompression, which is a viable minimally invasive surgical method for CSM.

Objective To investigate the effect of anterior percutaneous endoscopic discectomy (APECD) and open-door laminoplasty (ODLP) through hybrid surgery in the treatment of multisegmental cervical stenosis and giant disc herniation. Methods This study involved 3 patients with multisegmental cervical stenosis and giant disc herniation confirmed by MRI. Among them, there were 2 males and 1 female, with ages from 56-61. All patients showed significant paresthesia or weakness, and were treated between September and November 2016. The surgery was performed by first the ODLP that made spinal cord back shift, and then APECD for the second step. The visual analog scale (VAS) and neck disability index (NDI) were assessed before and after operation. Results The VAS and NDI scores were improved two weeks after operation. No adverse events like spinal cord injury and vascular injury were found during the operation. After operation, no patients were found incision infection, hematoma formation, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, dysphagia, trachyphonia and so on. Conclusion The hybrid surgery of APECD and ODLP for the treatment of the multisegmental cervical stenosis and giant disc herniation can not only decompress the nerve safely and improve the function, but also preserve cervical intervertebral disc and motion segments, therefore delaying the degeneration of adjacent segments with clinical significance.

In order to understand the application and efficacy of intense pulse light on cosmetology,the indications,efficacy and side-effect of intese pulse light were reviewed in the recent five years.Researches show that intense pulse light can be applied on varied skin damage,such as pigment,blood vessel and sun damage.No side-effects are reported in these researches.Intense pulse light may be considered as an new noninvasive rejuvenation method for varied skin damage.