儿童眼外伤是危害儿童健康、致残、致盲的主要眼病之一,给儿童成长、学习及生活均带来诸多不便,甚至造成极大影响[1].目前临床报道的多为成人或儿童眼外伤致伤情况的观察,对于儿童眼外伤致伤原因的分析及干预对策分析较为少见.为了更好地预防儿童眼外伤的发生,提高治疗效果,本研究对我院2014-06至2016-12收治的230例(231眼)儿童眼外伤患者进行致伤原因分析,并采取有效的护理对策,旨在对临床诊治有供参作用.

Objective To explore the effect of cognitive behavioral intervention used in ocular trauma patients with optic nerve injury.Methods A total of 70 ocular trauma patients with optic nerve injury were chosen between January, 2016 and December,2016 and were divided randomly into control group and observation group. Patients in the control group received conventional nursing measures, while the observation group received extra cognitive behavioral intervention. SAS and SDS of two groups were compared.Results SAS and SDS of two groups before intervention had no difference (P>0.05). After intervention, SAS and SDS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05) .Conclusions Cognitive behavioral intervention applied to ocular trauma patients with optic nerve injury could significantly improve patients' negative emotion, and is also helpful for patients recover.

通常,老年患者有头晕、记忆力减退、间歇性手脚乏力等症状,就要考虑其是否颈动脉出了问题.尤其是颈动脉狭窄的患者,颈动脉内膜剥脱术是预防脑卒中的首选治疗方法.随着老龄化社会的到来,手术设备及技术的进步,越来越多医院开展颈动脉内膜剥脱术.手术的成功,除了重视医生团队的手术技巧及围手术期的管理外,也要重视护理的作用.特别对于医联体双向转诊的基层医院而言,如何对这类需要上转手术或术后下转的患者进行护理,显得尤其关键.

目的 总结婴幼儿眼科日间手术的围术期护理经验,为更好地完成婴幼儿日间手术的护理提供依据.方法 对366例婴幼儿行眼科日间手术,包括全麻下角结膜拆线术145例(145只眼),结膜肿物切除术88例(88只眼),上下睑倒睫矫正术133例(150只眼).围术期护理包括入院前健康教育与术眼准备、入院护理、术前心理护理、术后全麻护理与术眼观察护理、出院指导及术后随访.结果 366例患儿均顺利完成日间手术,术后无一例感染等并发症发生.结论良好有效的围手术期护理,可以提高婴幼儿眼科日间手术的成功率,减少术后感染与并发症的发生.

目的探讨白内障术中驱逐性脉络膜上腔出血的急救处理与护理配合方法。方法对6例(6眼)白内障术中驱逐性脉络膜上腔出血患者,立即终止手术、密闭手术切口,实施引流脉络膜上腔积血,控制眼压,应用糖皮质激素类药物等急救措施。结果6例均出血停止,其中5例于1周后行Ⅱ期视网膜玻璃体手术,脉络膜及视网膜复位良好;1例放弃治疗。结论白内障手术中出现驱逐性脉络膜上腔出血,有效的急救处理与护理配合,可迅速止血,有利于后期手术。

目的 探讨对婴幼儿实施镇静催眠下测量眼压的护理经验.方法 2012年1-8月对48例口服水合氯醛镇静催眠下测量眼压的婴幼儿的护理干预进行回顾性分析.结果 通过合理诱导辅助,48例婴幼儿均一次顺利完成眼压测量.结论 通过有效地护理干预以及合理的诱导,能够辅助加强水合氯醛的镇静作用,对婴幼儿测量眼压起到积极有效的作用,使患儿能够顺利完成眼压测量,提高了婴幼儿眼压测量的一次成功率及准确率。

目的:探讨软性角膜接触镜在治疗青光眼小梁切除术后结膜渗漏的疗效及护理方法。方法:将我院15例青光眼小梁切除术后结膜渗漏佩戴软性角膜接触镜治疗的患者给予细致护理。结果:15例患者术后3～9 d结膜渗漏均愈合,住院期间无1例出现眼部感染及角膜缺氧等并发症。结论:对佩戴软性角膜接触镜的患者给予细致护理,能够免除患者二次手术,节约费用,减轻患者心理压力,促进疾病恢复,提高患者满意度。

目的:总结Akreos MI60人工晶体微切口植入术治疗白内障的护理体会和护理方法。方法:对我科358例(433只眼)微切口白内障手术患者进行护理。结果:术后57眼出现轻微疼痛,23眼术后0.5～5 h出现疼痛,12眼眼痛眼胀。42例出现头晕和眩光,47例角膜出现轻度水肿,遵医嘱处理后症状均消失。术后1 d、3 d、1周、2～3个月裸眼视力恢复在0.5以上的眼数分别为366眼(84.53%),384眼(88.68%),389眼(89.84%),390眼(90.07%)。术后1个月的平均散光度为(0.81±0.52)D,3个月为(0.75±0.59)D。结论:Akreos MI60人工晶体以其1.8mm的微小切口配合白内障超声乳化术治疗白内障,具有切口小、损伤小、反应轻、恢复快、术后并发症少等优点,结合有针对性的护理,大大提高了患者术后的治疗效果与满意度。

目的:探讨自体唇黏膜移植患者的护理与人文关怀的重要性。方法:对69例自体唇黏膜移植患者实施人文关怀护理并进行分析。结果:患者在住院期间情绪平稳,积极配合治疗,满意度从90%提高到98%,投诉率为零。结论:对自体唇黏膜移植患者实施人文关怀护理,能够有效减轻患者的情绪反应,提高患者满意度,同时也提高了护理质量。

<正>人工鼻泪管支架是治疗慢性泪囊炎和单纯鼻泪管阻塞的一种微创治疗方法,该材料组织相容性好、管道直径粗,植入泪道后可长期留置[1]。我院自2008年6月—9月收集眼科门诊就诊的溢泪或溢泪伴脓液病人108例,通过使用人工鼻泪管支架进行治疗,效果满意,现将护理总结如下。

目的 总结对光动力疗法(photodynamic therapy,PDT)治疗湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)患者的护理配合.方法 对109例进行PDT治疗湿性AMD患者的护理配合进行分析.结果 109例患者中,1例输液时发生一过性眩晕,1例输液后发生胸闷、心悸,均经休息后缓解.其余患者无明显局部、全身不适和光过敏不良反应,顺利完成治疗.结论 PDT治疗湿性AMD安全有效,能够保存或提高患者视力.有效的护理配合,可以预防不良反应的发生,从而保证治疗顺利进行,同时也大大提高了工作效率.

目的 指导青光眼患者运用自我调节方法 调节焦虑情绪.方法 发放宣传手册、办宣传栏、播放健康教育指导光盘、建立倾谈室和发泄屋、心理辅导、组织小讲课.结果该组患者通过我们进行干预管理,焦虑症状明显改善,有效率94%.结论 掌握焦虑情绪的自我调节方法 ,对有效控制眼压,缓解和减轻临床症状,提高药物的疗效及手术治疗的成功率起到积极作用。

Objective To evaluate the effect of intervention with music on cataract patients during phacoemulsification. Methods 132 patients underwent phacoemulsification were randomly divided into control group (n = 66) and intervention group( n = 66). Music was played during the whole operation of the intervention group but not for the control group. During the operations the psychology situations of all the patients were evaluated with the Zung scale and the vital signs were monitored. After the operations the values of objective pain by VAS were recorded. Results SAS scores of the intervention group 5 min before and after the operation were significantly lower than the control group, so were the pain scores and changes of vital signs ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Intervention with music during the phacoemulsification could relieve patients' anxiety, stabilize vital signs and alleviate the pain.

Objective To analyze the emotional situation of outpatients received multiwavelength laser treatment and provide effective emotional management.Methods Totally 110 outpatients who received multiwavelength laser treatment were randomized into 2 groups,55 patients into intervened group,55 patients into control group.Different emotional situations were analyzed and emotional managements were given to the patients in intervened group.Results Forty-eight out of 55 patients in the intervened group had steady mood,they initially cooperated with doctors for the multiwavelength laser treatment.Conclusion It is of great significance to understand the psychological condition of patients who have received the clinical use of multiwavelength laser and give them effective intervention,which not only provides the patients the most favorable psychological and physical condition to cooperate with doctors in the clinical use of multiwavelength laser for a satisfactory curative effect,but also greatly increases the working efficiency.

[目的]探讨婴幼儿RetCam检查工作中护理的问题与对策。[方法]将133名进行RetCam检查的婴幼儿分为对照组和干预组,对干预组的每个患儿进行护理干预,记录每例患儿的相关临床资料,并总结护理问题与对策。[结果]干预组67例患者中62例情绪平稳,积极配合医生,能够顺利、安全完成RetCam眼底检查;对照组中51例情绪平稳,能够顺利、安全完成检查,两组完成检查的患儿例数差异有显著性意义(2χ=4.13,P<0.05)。[结论]完成眼底检查需要护士进行科学的护理配合,尤其是家长缺乏相关的医疗知识的患儿,以保证检查的顺利进行。

目的 探讨外伤性眼球脱臼的急救和护理.方法 回顾性分析我院眼科急诊救治的6例6眼外伤性眼球脱臼患者的急救和护理措施.结果 5例眼球半脱臼患者,通过手术及配合药物治疗眼球均复位良好.1例眼球全脱臼患者,2期行义眼台植入术.结论 外伤性眼球脱臼伤情复杂,通过急救和护理使患者在最短时间内能配合检查,以便尽快得到及时治疗.

Objective To examine the influences of different body positions on the pulmonary function in children with congenital heart disease.Methods Sixty infants after cardiopulmonary bypass were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.The body position was changed for the experiment group in the turn with semi-supine position and semi-lateral position every 4 hours,while semi-supine position only for the control group.Then,the parameters of blood gas analysis were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the parameters of blood gas analysis were better,and the time of mechanical ventilation and ICU hospitalization were shorter in the experimental group.Conclusions Taking semi-supine position and semi-lateral position in turn can improve the parameters of blood gas analysis,shorten the time of mechanical ventilation and ICU hospitalization in the infants with congenital heart diseases after cardiopulmonary bypass.

近年来脑血管病的发生率呈逐年上升的趋势,尤其年轻化十分突出[1].青年卒中是指年龄在45岁以下的青年人发生的脑卒中,又称青年人中风.世界范围内的发病率在9.0/10.0万～39.8/10.0万[2].国内外众多学者对于卒中后抑郁进行了大量研究,但对于青年卒中后焦虑研究报道甚少.为了解青年卒中病人焦虑的发生情况,为临床护理提供依据,针对不同病人采取不同护理措施,我科护理人员对青年卒中病人进行了焦虑自评量表(SAS)测定,现报道如下.