The neonatal period is a critical stage of development during which the gut microbiome profoundly influences both short- and long-term health and nutrition. Its maturation from infancy to childhood is shaped by interacting environmental factors, including feeding mode, birth mode, and geographic location. A clinical study of 445 infants and toddlers (aged 0-24 months) from six socioeconomically diverse regions in China investigated age-related trajectories of gut microbiome and metabolomic development, with a particular focus on feeding mode. The study included a breastfed reference group and a formula-fed group that received an open-label formula containing a prebiotic mixture of short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS, 9 : 1). Longitudinal fecal samples were analyzed using shotgun metagenomic and metabolomic approaches. Feeding mode was strongly associated with variations in gut microbiome structure and function, along with birth mode and geographic location. Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides were the dominant taxa in both groups and exhibited dynamic abundance trajectories over time. Increased Bifidobacterium abundance was correlated with gene functions involved in starch and fatty acid metabolism as well as the fructose-6-phosphoketolase pathway (Bifid shunt). Comparative metabolomic analyses of amino acids and bile acids revealed highly similar metabolic profiles between the two groups. These findings highlight the association between feeding mode with the developing gut microbiome and describe age-dependent trajectories in Chinese children.

Correction for 'Early-life gut microbiome-metabolome development trajectories in Chinese infants: a decentralized real-world evidence study' by Wanying Zhong et al., Food Funct., 2026, 17, 6596-6607, https://doi.org/10.1039/D6FO02082H.

Cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) is the most common food allergy during infancy. Although the prevalence and natural history of allergic conditions have been well characterized in western populations, comprehensive data from rapidly urbanizing regions such as China remain scarce, limiting our understanding of how environmental transitions influence the developmental trajectories of allergic diseases. We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional survey of infants across five major regions in China between November 2018 and June 2019. Infants diagnosed with CMPA using a standardized protocol were subsequently enrolled in a prospective longitudinal follow-up at 3 years and 5 years after diagnosis. Among 10,754 infants, 327 were diagnosed with CMPA, yielding a prevalence of 3.04

Cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA), one of the most common food allergies in infant, is primarily manifesting gastrointestinal symptoms and closely associated to the disorders of gut microbiota. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a gut microbiota derived secondary bile acid, is significantly decreased in infant with CMPA. However, the effect and mechanism of UDCA in colitis of CMPA is unknown. Our analysis demonstrated that UDCA administration alleviated the systemic allergic symptoms, improved body weight gain, and mitigated histopathological damage in both liver and colon tissues in a mouse model of α-Casein-induced CMPA. UDCA restored intestinal barrier integrity by increasing goblet cell numbers and enhancing the expression of the tight junction gene in colonic tissue. In α-Casein-sensitized RAW264.7 cells, UDCA promoted the healing and migration. Additionally, UDCA significantly down-regulated the secretion and mRNA levels of key pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6) and the production of inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS). Mechanistically, UDCA increased the cAMP level and up-regulated G-protein coupled receptors (TGR5) expression and inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway, as evidenced by reduced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65 in vivo and in vitro. Pharmacological antagonism with SBI-115 confirmed that UDCA suppressed α-Casein-induced NF-κB p65 activation primarily by targeting TGR5. This study suggested that UDCA may alleviate CMPA by targeting TGR5 to enhance intestinal barrier function and modulate immune response via NF-κB signaling, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic strategy for allergic diseases.

Introduction:This study aimed to develop a dynamic nomogram model to predict the risk of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in children with ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods:This was a retrospective study that clinical data from pediatric diagnosis and treatment with UC at Zhengzhou University Children's Hospital between January 2018 and December 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified into CDI (n = 35) and non-CDI (n = 86) groups based on the presence or absence of CDI. Predictor variables were selected using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and subsequently entered into a multivariate logistic regression model. Nomograms were then constructed based on the final logistic regression analysis. The model's performance and clinical utility were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Internal validation was performed using 1,000 bootstrap resamples. Results:A total of 121 children were included in the study. Based on LASSO and multivariate logistic regression analysis of 24 candidate variables, five independent risk factors for CDI in children with UC were identified: Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (PUCAI), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), vitamin D (Vit D), fecal calprotectin (FC), and antibiotic use exceeding seven days (all p < 0.05). The nomograms constructed with the above variables demonstrated excellent discriminative ability (C-index = 0.964, 95% CI: 0.932-0.997). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test (χ2 = 12.529, p = 0.129) and bootstrap validation revealed good concordance between the predicted probabilities and actual outcomes. Decision curve analysis (DCA) indicated significant net clinical benefit, and the model maintained robust consistency across relevant clinical subgroups. Conclusions:PUCAI, ESR, Vit D, FC, and use of antibiotic use exceeding seven days were the five independent risk factors for CDI in children with UC. The resulting nomogram may support clinicians in early diagnosis and timely adjustment of therapeutic strategies.

OBJECTIVES:To explore the changes in gut microbiota and levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in infants with cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA), and to clarify their role in CMPA.METHODS:A total of 25 infants diagnosed with CMPA at Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from August 2019 to August 2020 were enrolled as the CMPA group, and 25 healthy infants were selected as the control group. Fecal samples (200 mg) were collected from both groups and subjected to 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to analyze the changes in gut microbial composition and metabolites. Microbial diversity was analyzed in conjunction with metabolites.RESULTS:Compared to the control group, the CMPA group showed altered gut microbial structure and significantly increased α-diversity (P<0.001). The abundance of Firmicutes, Clostridiales and Bacteroidetes was significantly decreased, while the abundance of Sphingomonadaceae, Clostridiaceae_1 and Mycoplasmataceae was significantly increased in the CMPA group compared to the control group (P<0.001). Metabolomic analysis revealed reduced levels of acetic acid, butyric acid, and isovaleric acid in the CMPA group compared to the control group, and the levels of the metabolites were positively correlated with the abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria such as Faecalibacterium and Roseburia (P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:CMPA infants have alterations in gut microbial structure, increased microbial diversity, and decreased levels of SCFA, which may contribute to increased intestinal inflammation.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the clinical features and genetic characteristics of a patient with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) due to compound heterozygous variants of SBDS gene.METHODS:A female child with SDS who was admitted to the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University in February 2022 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the child was collected. Peripheral blood samples of the child and her elder sister and parents were collected and subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES). Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing.RESULTS:The child, a 1-year-and-1-month-old girl, had mainly manifested with diarrhea, hematochezia, growth retardation and malnutrition, along with increased transaminases and decreased neutrophils and hemoglobin. Anteroposterior X-ray of her left wrist indicated significantly delayed bone age. Colonoscopy revealed that her colorectal mucosa was erosive with oily food residues attached to the intestinal lumen. Genetic testing revealed that she has harbored c.258+2T>C and c.100A>G compound heterozygous variants of the SBDS gene. The c.258+2T>C variant has derived from her father and known to be pathogenic, whilst the other has derived from her mother. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the c.100A>G variant was classified as likely pathogenic (PM1+PM2_Supporting+PM3+PM5+PP3).CONCLUSION:The compound heterozygous variants of c.258+2T>C and c.100A>G probably underlay the SDS in this child. For children with refractory diarrhea, liver damage and growth retardation, SDS should be suspected, and genetic testing can facilitate the diagnosis and treatment.

目的 分析儿童炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)的临床特征及发病的影响因素.方法 选取2018年3月-2022年3月郑州大学附属儿童医院收治的67例IBD患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析,设为观察组.另选取同期来郑州大学附属儿童医院体检的健康儿童67例作为对照组.分析儿童炎症性肠病的类型、临床表现以及病变分布情况.对影响儿童炎症性肠病发病的因素进行单因素和多因素回归分析.结果 67例IBD患儿中,男童 46 例,占 68.66％.其中,溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)48 例(UC 组),占 71.64％,克罗恩病(Crohn's dis-ease,CD)19 例(CD组),占28.36％.两组患儿腹痛、发热、肛周脓肿、消瘦及贫血所占比例对比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).UC组患儿腹泻、便血所占比例显著高于CD组(P＜0.05).UC患儿病变分布以结肠、直肠为主,CD患儿病变分布以回肠、结肠、胃十二指肠为主.观察组在家族患病史、肠道菌群紊乱史、免疫性疾病史中所占比例显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).logistic回归分析显示,家族患病史、肠道菌群紊乱史、免疫性疾病史是IBD发病的影响因素(P＜0.05).结论 影响儿童炎症性肠病发病的因素较多,临床医师应给予相应的干预措施,以预防该病的发生.

Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA), one of the most prevalent food allergies, seriously affects the growth and development of infants and children with the rising incidence and prevalence. The dysbiosis of intestinal flora acts to promote disease including allergic disease. Therefore, studying the role of intestinal flora in allergic diseases holds great promise for developing effective strategies to mitigate the risk of food allergies. This study aims to elucidate the role of disrupted intestinal flora and its metabolites in children with CMPA.16S rDNA sequence analysis was applied to characterize the changes in the composition of intestinal flora. The findings revealed heightened diversity of intestinal flora in CMPA, marked by decreased abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and increased abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Furthermore, metabolite analysis identified a total of 1245 differential metabolites in children with CMPA compared to those in healthy children. Among these, 765 metabolites were down-regulated, while 480 were up-regulated. Notably, there were 10 negative differential metabolites identified as bile acids and derivatives, including second bile acids, such as deoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid and isoursodexycholic acid. The intestinal barrier was further analyzed and showed that the enterocytes proliferation and the expression of Claudin-1, Claudin-3 and MUC2 were down-regulated with the invasion of biofilm community members in the CMPA group. In summary, these findings provide compelling evidence that food allergies disrupt intestinal flora and its metabolites, consequently damaging the intestinal barrier's integrity to increase intestinal permeability and immune response.

Objective To explore the consistency of diagnostic results with pathological ones in infantile colorectal polyps. Methods Enrolled the 78 infantile patients suspected having colorectal polyps treated in authors’ hospital（2018-01-2020-12） into this study: they all received endoscopy, then the results were analysed so as to judge polyps’ characters, further according to which the patients received endoscopic resection or surgical treatment; Also, then the resected tissue was examined pathologically; then took pathological results as gold-standard, analysed the diagnostic efficiency of endoscopy on colorectal polyps. Results In the 78 cases, 76 were confirmed as colorectal polyps by pathological exam.（including 73 of benign polyps, 3 of malignant ones）,meanwhile, endoscopy showed 71 being benign, rest two cases as malignant; but 3 being malignant were consistency with pathological exam. postoperatively pathological exam. results showed in the 3 cases being malignant 1 case was at T1a stage; 2 cases, at T16 stage were 66.67%.The sensitivity, specificity, accurate rate, positive prognosing value, and negative prognosing value of endoscopy diagnosis were respectively 100.00%,97.26%,97.37%,60.00%,and 100.00%;the consistency of endoscpy diagnosis with pathological diagnosis: Kappa=0.737,P＜0.001. Conclusion For infantile colorectal polyps performing endoscopy is helpful to differentiating benign lesions from malignant ones, with high diagnosis outcome, also is beneficial to clinical development of rational scientific treatment schema, and improve prognosis.

目的 探讨溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)患儿合并艰难梭菌感染(clostridioides difficile infection,CDI)的患病率及临床特点,明确UC合并CDI的危险因素.方法 收集2012年1月至2022年11月在郑州大学附属儿童医院消化内科收治的107例确诊UC且完成艰难梭菌检测患儿的临床资料,根据是否发生CDI分为两组,分析两组的临床特点,并进行危险因素分析.结果 UC患儿中,男性56例(52.3％),女51例(47.7％),其中24例出现CDI,阳性率22.4％.与非CDI组相比,CDI组中使用抗生素＞7 d的比例更高(P=0.001);实验室检查中CDI组中人血清白蛋白低于非CDI组(P=0.015);CDI组中采用激素诱导(＞4周)+美沙拉嗪维持治疗、激素诱导(＞4周)+免疫抑制剂维持治疗、英夫利西单克隆抗体治疗比例较高(P均＜0.05).多因素分析显示使用抗生素＞7d、激素诱导(＞4周)+美沙拉嗪维持治疗、激素诱导(＞4周)+免疫抑制维持治疗、英夫利西单克隆抗体治疗是发生CDI的独立危险因素.结论 UC患儿治疗过程中使用抗生素超过7 d、美沙拉嗪诱导+维持治疗、免疫抑制剂维持治疗、英夫利昔单抗治疗、临床类型、人血清白蛋白偏低是出现CDI的预测因素.而使用抗生素＞7 d、应用免疫抑制剂是独立危险因素,可使得UC患儿发生CDI的风险增加,使儿童UC感染艰难梭菌的概率更大,需警惕或预防治疗.

To explore the effect of ileostomy on clinical outcomes of children with very early onset inflammatory bowel disease(VEO-IBD). The clinical data of 11 children with VEO-IBD who underwent ileostomy in the Department of Gastroenterology of the Affiliated Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2016 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, and the clinical characteristics and outcomes were analyzed. A total of 11 cases were included, including 7 males and 4 females, aged 3.0 (0.9, 8.0) months. The main clinical manifestations were fever and diarrhea, with L2 type the main lesion site (according to the Paris classification of childhood Crohn's disease). There were 7 cases of gene type interleukin (IL)-10RA. After VEO-IBD ileostomy, the disease site, incidence of growth disorders, the weighted children's Crohn's disease activity index, the simplified endoscopic score of Crohn's disease, and severe mucosal inflammation activity rate were all lower than those before ileostomy (all P<0.05). The postoperative inflammatory indicators and factors were lower than those before ileostomy (all P<0.05). The mucosal barrier indicators after ileostomy were increased than before (all P<0.05). The nutritional evaluation indicators after ileostomy were improved (P<0.05). Ileostomy can reduce inflammatory response of VEO-IBD, improve intestinal mucosal barrier, reduce disease activity, and improve nutritional status.

目的 探讨 5 岁以下中重度胃肠炎合并惊厥发作患儿病原学及危险因素.方法 回顾性分析 2017 年 1 月～2021年 12 月郑州大学附属儿童医院收治的 540 例 5 岁以下中重度胃肠炎患儿,根据是否合并惊厥将其分为惊厥组(n = 189)和单纯胃肠炎对照组(n =351),比较两组患儿的临床表现、病原学特征及发生惊厥的危险因素.结果 惊厥组在母乳喂养、意识障碍、呼吸次数、腹泻、体温、血糖、血钠、碳酸氢根指标与单纯胃肠炎对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).惊厥组细菌感染主要为福氏志贺菌(51.69%),病毒感染主要为轮状病毒(45.64%)及诺如病毒GⅡ型(27.93%).福氏志贺菌主要在 7～9 月高发流行,轮状病毒主要在 11 月～次年 1 月高发流行,诺如病毒 GⅡ型主要在 11 月～次年 3 月高发流行.Logistic 回归分析结果显示,意识障碍、体温、碳酸氢根、福氏志贺菌、诺如病毒 GⅡ型为中重度胃肠炎患儿惊厥发作的高危因素(P＜0.05).随访 1 个月时,年龄别身高 Z评分(height for age Z-score,HAZ)、年龄别体重 Z 评分(weight for age Z-score,WAZ)、身高别体重 Z 评分(weight for height Z-score,WHZ)及体重指数(body mass index,BMI)等营养状况指标均低于入院时(P＜0.05).结论 福氏志贺菌、轮状病毒及诺如病毒 GⅡ型是引起 5 岁以下儿童中重度胃肠炎合并惊厥发作的主要病原体,意识障碍、体温、碳酸氢根、福氏志贺菌、诺如病毒 GⅡ型是儿童中重度胃肠炎合并惊厥发作的危险因素,中重度胃肠炎患儿存在恢复期营养不良的风险.

目的 探讨幽门螺旋杆菌(HP)及细胞毒素相关蛋白A(CagA)在功能性消化不良(FD)患儿中的作用.方法 选择2019年1月—2020年12月本院收治的FD患儿140例作为观察组,同时选择健康儿童140名作为对照组.两组均行13 C尿素呼气试验,观察组Hp阳性患儿行CagA抗体检查,检测观察组血浆生长素(Ghrelin)、瘦素(Leptin)及酪酪肽(PYY).结果 观察组Hp感染率为65.71％,明显高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组Hp感染患儿CagA抗体阳性占80.43％;观察组Hp阳性患者病情较Hp阴性患者重(P<0.05),其重度比例达到40.22％;观察组Hp阳性患者中,CagA抗体阳性患者病情较CagA抗体阴性患者重(P<0.05),其重度比例达到44.59％;观察组Hp阳性感染者血浆Ghrelin为(243.39±56.68)ng/L,明显低于Hp阴性患者(P<0.05),而Laptin和PYY分别为(2674.40±290.32)ng/L和(69.29±12.29)ng/L,明显高于Hp阴性感染者(P<0.05);观察组Hp阳性感染者中,CagA抗体阳性者血浆Ghrelin明显低于CagA抗体阴性者(P<0.05),而Laptin和PYY明显高于CagA抗体阳性者(P<0.05);观察组Hp阳性感染者嗜酸粒细胞和肥大细胞分别为(23.30±4.30)个和(130.20±9.82)个,明显高于Hp阴性患者(P<0.05);观察组Hp阳性感染者中,CagA抗体阳性者嗜酸粒细胞和肥大细胞明显高于CagA抗体阴性者(P<0.05).结论 Hp、CagA与FD患儿病情程度有一定关系,且对患儿血浆胃肠激素以及局部黏膜嗜酸粒细胞有影响.

Objective:To investigate the effect of probiotics assisted triple therapy in the treatment of children with chronic gastritis complicated with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection.Methods:Seventy-eight children with chronic gastritis complicated by Hp infection in Children’s Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University from May 2018 to May 2020 were selected and divided into probiotic group and triple therapy group according to random number table method, with 39 cases in each group. The triple therapy group was given triple therapy, and the probiotic group was given probiotics on the basis of the triple therapy group. The curative effect, symptom score, inflammatory factor, adverse reaction and recurrence rate were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate in the probiotic group was 94.87% (37/39), which was higher than 79.49% (31/39) in the triple therapy group ( P<0.05). After treatment, the symptom score the probiotic group was lower than that of the triple therapy group (all P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of inflammatory factors in the probiotic group were lower than those in the triple therapy group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the probiotic group (2.56%, 1/39) and triple therapy group (7.69%, 3/39), P>0.05. The Incidence of adverse reactions of the probiotic group was 5.41% (2/37), which was lower than 25.71% (9/35) of the triple therapy group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Probiotic assisted triple therapy for children with chronic gastritis complicated by Hp infection can improve the inflammatory state and clinical symptoms, with good efficacy. It can not only improve the total effective rate, but also reduce the recurrence rate, and has good drug safety.

目的 研究儿童腹泻病类型与大便pH值的关系,利用大便pH值快速辅助诊断腹泻病患儿.方法 选取2019年1月至2020年12月该院消化内科门诊及住院的3个月至3岁腹泻病患儿136例作为研究对象,其中男73例,女63例.对所有大便标本进行pH值检测、细菌培养及鉴定、真菌培养及鉴定、轮状病毒检测、粪常规化验、寄生虫检查等,采用K-W检验、Wilcoxon检验比较大便pH值检测结果,分析检测结果的差异性.结果 136例患儿中细菌性腹泻病46例(pH 7.21),病毒性腹泻病28例(pH 5.78),真菌性腹泻病1例(pH 7.01),非感染性腹泻病61例(pH 5.74).不同病原体所致细菌性、病毒性腹泻病患儿大便pH值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);病毒性腹泻病患儿大便pH值与非感染性腹泻病患儿比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);细菌性腹泻病患儿大便pH值与病毒性腹泻病患儿比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 大便pH值检测方便、快捷,可初步辅助诊断细菌性与病毒性腹泻病,指导抗生素用药.

目的 探讨益生菌对肝内胆汁淤积大鼠的保护作用及其机制.方法 将40只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、模型+益生菌组和正常+益生菌组,模型+益生菌和正常+益生菌组给予益生菌5×107 CFU/(kg·d)灌胃14 d,正常组及模型组给予生理盐水处理,于实验第12天给药4 h后,模型组和模型+益生菌组75 mg/kgα?萘异硫氰酸酯(ANIT)灌胃1次建立模型,其余两组予以橄榄油对照处理,建模后48 h处死动物,收集标本.检测各组实验动物血清TBA、ALT、AST、TBiL和DBiL浓度及肝脏组织MDA、SOD、TNF?α、IL?6和IL?1β含量.采用实时荧光定量(RT?PCR)方法检测肝组织NF?κB、TLR4 mRNA水平的表达,Western Blot方法检测肝脏NF?κB、TLR4蛋白水平的变化.结果 与正常对照组比较,模型组血清TBA、ALT、AST、TBiL和DBiL浓度及肝组织MDA、TNF?α、IL?6和IL?1β含量均明显升高(P<0.05);肝组织SOD活性明显降低(P<0.05);NF?κB、TLR4 mRNA和蛋白水平表达均增高(P<0.05).与模型组相比,给与益生菌治疗后能显著降低TBA、ALT、AST、TBiL和DBiL浓度及肝组织MDA、TNF?α、IL?6和IL?1β含量(P<0.05),增强SOD活性(P<0.05);下调NF?κB、TLR4 mRNA和蛋白水平表达(P<0.05).结论 益生菌对肝内胆汁淤积大鼠有保护作用,其机制可能与益生菌调控TLR4/NF?κB信号通路的活化,进而抑制炎性因子释放及氧化应激反应有关.

Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a critical immune signaling molecule and therapeutic target. We identified damaging monoallelic SYK variants in six patients with immune deficiency, multi-organ inflammatory disease such as colitis, arthritis and dermatitis, and diffuse large B cell lymphomas. The SYK variants increased phosphorylation and enhanced downstream signaling, indicating gain of function. A knock-in (SYK-Ser544Tyr) mouse model of a patient variant (p.Ser550Tyr) recapitulated aspects of the human disease that could be partially treated with a SYK inhibitor or transplantation of bone marrow from wild-type mice. Our studies demonstrate that SYK gain-of-function variants result in a potentially treatable form of inflammatory disease. Individuals with SYK gain-of-function variants develop immunodeficiency and systemic inflammation, which are recapitulated in a knock-in mouse model. Treatment of these mice with bone marrow transplantation or with a SYK inhibitor ameliorates disease symptoms, highlighting potential therapeutic strategies for patients with SYK mutations.

OBJECTIVES:To study the clinical efficacy, advantages, and disadvantages of adaptive biofeedback training combined with oral administration of compound polyethylene glycol 4000-electrolyte powder in the treatment of children with outlet obstruction constipation (OOC). METHODS:A total of 168 children with OOC were enrolled in this prospective study. All the subjects were randomly divided into a test group and a control group based on the order of visiting time, 84 in each group. The test group was treated with adaptive biofeedback training combined with oral administration of compound polyethylene glycol 4000-electrolyte powder, and the control group was treated with oral administration of compound polyethylene glycol 4000-electrolyte powder alone. Eleven children in the test group and two children in the control group withdrew from the study since they could not finish the whole treatment course. Finally, 73 children in the test group and 82 children in the control group were included in this analysis. As clinical outcomes, the total score of clinical symptoms and overall response rate were compared between the two groups at weeks 4 and 8 of treatment. RESULTS:There was no significant difference in the total score of clinical symptoms between the two groups at beginning of treatment and at week 4 (P>0.05), while the test group had a significantly lower total score of clinical symptoms than the control group at week 8 (P<0.05). At week 4, there was no significant difference in overall response rate between the two groups (P>0.05), while the test group had a significantly higher overall response rate than the control group at week 8 (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Adaptive biofeedback training combined with oral administration of compound polyethylene glycol 4000-electrolyte powder is significantly associated with improvement of clinical outcomes in the treatment of children with OOC.

目的 研究阿莫西林+埃索拉唑+克拉霉素(简称三联疗法)联合酪酸梭菌二联活菌治疗对慢性胃炎伴幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染患儿血清炎症因子水平的影响.方法 采用随机数表法将本院2019年3月至2020年3月治疗的58例慢性胃炎伴Hp感染患儿分为观察组和对照组,各29例.观察组采用三联疗法联合酪酸梭菌二联活菌治疗,对照组采用三联疗法.对比两组疗效、血清炎症因子变化及药物不良反应.结果 观察组治疗总有效率95.27％,高于对照组的72.41％(P<0.05);观察组治疗后白介素IL-1、IL-6水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05),IL-10水平高于对照组(P<0.05);不良反应两组对比无差异(P>0.05).结论 阿莫西林+埃索拉唑+克拉霉素联合酪酸梭菌二联活菌可以有效改善慢性胃炎伴Hp感染患儿的血清炎症因子水平,疗效明显且较为安全.