实践教学是培养高技能复合型应用人才的关键环节,高职畜牧兽医专业是实践性很强的专业,强调理论与实践密切结合,必须通过实践教学活动,使学生具备畜禽饲养管理、选种繁殖、日粮配合、环境控制、畜禽主要疾病的预防及诊疗的综合能力.对高职畜牧兽医专业实践教学现状及存在的问题开展调查研究,旨在摸清目前高职畜牧兽医专业开展实践教学的效果,分析问题产生的原因,为本专业实践教学改革提供参考.

【Objective】 By obtaining and comparing the partial sequence of mtDNA D-loop hypervariable region Ⅰ of Sujiang pig, the germplasm resource characteristics and genetic diversity of Sujiang pig population were revealed.【Method】 Ear tissues of 100 parturient sows from the core group of Sujiang pigs were collected and DNA were extracted.And gene fragments of mtDNA D-loop hypervariable region Ⅰ of sows in the core group of Sujiang pigs were amplified and sequenced.The NCBI online BLAST was used to compare and calibrate the sequencing and reference sequences, and homologous sequences were found to determine the length and location of the sequence of high variable region Ⅰ of mtDNA D-loop.DnaSP v.5.10.1 software was used to calculate the number of nucleotide polymorphic sites and mutation sites in the population and the haplotype diversity（Hd）,nucleotide polymorphism（Pi）,average nucleotide difference（K） and other parameters were analyzed.The genetic distance of the sample was calculated based on Kimura’s 2-prarmetermodel using Mega 7.0 software and the genetic distance between different haplotypes of Sujiang pig mtDNA D-loop region sequences were obtained.The phylogenetic tree was constructed by using Neighbor-Joining（NJ） on the mtDNA D-loop hypervariable region Ⅰ sequences of 4 haplotypes of Sujiang pig, 17 Chinese pig breeds and European domestic pigs（accession No.:AF034253.1）.【Result】 The highly variable region Ⅰ of mtDNA D-loop sequence of 100 Sujiang pigs was amplified and sequenced, and the effective sequence with a length of 429 bp was obtained, in which the content of AT was 63.1%,and the content of GC was 36.9%,neutral test Tajima’s D value was-1.80517（P＜0.05）.It was confirmed that Sujiang pig population significantly deviated from neutral test.A total of 19 mutation sites were detected in the sequencing column, and 4 haplotypes were defined, Hd was 0.578,Pi was 0.0032, and the average genetic distance between the four haplotypes in the population ranged from 0.004 to 0.031.Phylogenetic tree results showed that the joining group were divided into two groups: Domestic and foreign.The four haplotypes of Sujiang pig were clustered in the domestic branch, among which haplotype H2 and Erhuface pig were clustered in the same group, and haplotype H4 was clustered in the same group with Jiangquhai and Wannanhua pig.【Conclusion】 The proportion of polymorphic sites in the high variation region Ⅰ of mtDNA D-loop in Sujiang pig population was high, Hd was high, and Pi was low.The genetic distance of dominant haplotypes in Sujiang pig population was relatively close, and the proportion of dominant haplotypes was high, which reflected that there were fewer maternal sources in Sujiang pig population.

结合黄炎培职教思想的内涵和本质,以不同层次类型的10所职业院校调研为依据,阐述黄炎培职教思想与工匠精神的内在关联,分析教师工匠精神培植的职业教育现状,探索形成了以工匠教师"331"培育模式为核心的职业院校教师工匠精神的培植路径,为职业院校新时代工匠教师的培养提供参考.

试验采用宏基因组测序技术对4例呼吸道症状发病绵羊(试验组)和4例健康绵羊(对照组)的鼻拭子样本进行高通量测序,分析不同样品间微生物菌群结构功能差异.结果发现,试验组物种注释上,厚壁菌门、变形菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门占主导地位;功能注释上,信号传导、氨基酸代谢所含基因数量最多;抗性基因注释上,葡萄球菌和埃希氏杆菌属耐药基因分布最广存在于8个样品中,耐药基因novA、antibiotic、msbA、Mycobacterium、macB广泛存在于除了样品D1以外的其他样品中.发病绵羊呼吸道微生物菌群结构较为复杂,呼吸道菌群结构变化对绵羊机体发病影响显著.

为研究姜曲海猪保种群线粒体DNA遗传多样性及种质特性,选取姜曲海猪保种群中58个体进行mtDNA D-loop高变区序列扩增测序,获得的长度为427 bp有效序列基因片段,然后对有效序列遗传多样性进行了分析.结果表明:(1)姜曲海猪的mtDNA D-loop高变区扩增测序的有效序列基因片段中,碱基A+T含量为63.2％,G+C含量为36.8％,碱基A+T含量明显高于G+C含量;(2)在58个序列中共有15个变异位点,其中T/C转换10次、G/A转换3次、A/T颠换1次、C/A颠换1次;(3)检测出单倍型3个,总的单倍型多样性和核苷酸多样性指数分别为0.686和0.0052,表明姜曲海猪种群遗传多样性偏低,姜曲海猪保种群母系来源单一;(4)单倍型间遗传距离计算结果表明,种群内3个单倍型之间的平均遗传距离在0.003～0.005之间,单倍体间的遗传距离较近,表明保种群近交的情况比较严重.

以高职畜牧兽医专业牛羊生产与疾病防治课程为例,从多举措提升教师课程思政能力、多角度挖掘课程思政元素、多方式开展教学、多元科学评价反馈四个方面介绍了该课程思政开展的具体实践,展现课程思政实践成效,以期为畜牧兽医专业课程思政改革提供实践路径,为发挥专业课的育人机制提供参考.

为研究绵羊脂肪细胞增殖分化过程中参与动物能量代谢调控的大麻素受体1 (cannabinoid receptor 1)基因CNR1和调控脂肪沉积的脂肪酸结合蛋白4(fatty acid binding protein 4)基因FABP4的表达规律和差异,采集一只3日龄湖羊羔羊背最长肌组织,背肌组织经Ⅱ型胶原酶消化后分离观察原代前体脂肪细胞;开展前体脂肪细胞培养并绘制生长曲线;应用胰岛素、地塞米松和3-异丁基-1-甲基黄嘌呤诱导前体脂肪细胞后,采用油红0染色观察成熟脂肪细胞形态;收集不同分化时间点细胞,应用实时荧光定量PCR方法测定CNR1和FABP4基因表达量.结果 表明,羔羊背最长肌组织成功分离出了前体脂肪细胞,贴壁细胞呈梭形;诱导前体脂肪细胞经油红O染色后观察到脂滴形成,具有脂肪细胞特征;CNR1和FABP4基因表达量在诱导分化早期均较低,但在诱导分化中后期表达量逐步升高;CNR1和FABP4基因表达量在诱导分化后的第2、第4和第8天均差异不显著,但FABP4基因在第12天的表达量显著高于CNR1基因.上述结果为进一步探究绵羊CNR1和FABP4基因调控关系及利用两基因改良绵羊肉品性状提供了参考数据.

双语教学是高职教育国际化发展的重要实施路径,是高职教育发展模式的实践创新.随着经济全球化、教育国际化飞速发展,传统学科教育模式下的课程体系不能适应国际化人才培养的发展需求.高职院校必须积极寻求国际交流与合作,依托合作项目,以提高双语教学质量为核心,引入国际优质教育教学资源,构建科学合理的专业双语教学课程体系,不断提高我国高职教育的国际影响力,推动我国高等职业教育国际化发展进程.

[目的]研究胚胎着床期瘦素(leptin)及其受体(OB-R)在真孕和假孕母犬下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴各组织中的表达差异.[方法]应用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和免疫组织化学的方法检测胚胎着床期真孕和假孕母犬下丘脑、垂体、卵巢、输卵管、子宫组织中瘦素及其受体的表达.[结果]瘦素在真孕和假孕母犬的下丘脑、垂体、卵巢、子宫中均有表达,在输卵管中表达阴性,瘦素受体在真孕和假孕母犬各组织中均有表达;瘦素及其受体在真孕母犬下丘脑、卵巢和子宫组织中的表达量显著高于假孕母犬(P<0.05),瘦素受体在真孕母犬垂体和输卵管中的表达量显著高于假孕母犬(P<0.05).真假孕母犬垂体中瘦素水平差异不显著(P>0.05).[结论]瘦素及其受体对于犬的胚胎着床具有一定调节作用.

高职院校思想政治教育工作的开展对学生正确的世界观、人生观和价值观的形成非常关键.专业课教师作为教育教学的实施者,不仅要传授好专业技能,还要关注学生的思想品德,结合祖国的发展、国家的需求,将正确的世界观、人生观、价值观渗透在专业课程里,潜移默化中影响学生的思想,指导学生的行为,培养德、智、体、美、劳全面发展的社会主义事业的建设者和接班人.以牛羊生产课程为例,思考职业技术课程中思政元素的切入点和实施策略,协同育人,提高教学效果.

本科层次职业教育对加快建设我国现代职业教育体系意义重大,江苏农牧科技职业学院在入选国家"双高计划"高水平学校的基础上申请合并转设为本科层次职业技术大学,积极探索构建本科层次畜牧兽医专业职教课程体系.文章在分析畜牧兽医专业岗位发展及专业人才能力需求的基础上,提出构建能力("专业能力+综合能力+智慧信息能力")与特色课程("共享课程、模块课程和畜牧产业课程")匹配的主干课程体系,及"课程思政+创新创业素养"互融的配套课程体系,实现"1+X"证书、职业资格、技能等级培训与课程体系的融通,可以为后续本科层次畜牧兽医专业建设提供参考.

本研究以江苏农牧科技职业学院畜牧兽医专业现代学徒制试点班考核评价体系为主要研究对象,分析了目前学徒制考核评价体系中存在的问题,从制度、主体和机制等方面探索"多元化"的考核评价体系,为更好地推进现代学徒制的发展,保障人才培养质量,提供参考和思路.

为探明种养结合家庭农场循环模式的物流特征、调控特征及复合价值,以及该模式能否在苏中地区推广使用,应用物质流、价值流以及系统分析法对该循环模式的投入、产出和价值进行了分析.结果表明:江苏西来原生态农业有限公司家庭农场循环模式是一个以养羊养殖业为主、秸秆还田为辅的循环模式,该模式实现了"粮-羊-果园"的高效结合.该系统的复合价值高达823.18万元,其生态价值>经济价值>社会价值,占复合价值的比重分别为66.52％、31.64％、1.82％.因此,该模式适合在苏中地区大力推广.

试验旨在探究GnR H R和I N H A 基因遗传变异及其互作效应对绵羊产羔数的影响.参考GenBank发布的绵羊GnR H R基因(登录号:A H004943)和牛 I N H A 基因(登录号:U16237)的DNA序列设计引物,采用 PCR-SSCP技术检测GnR H R和 I N H A 基因在乌湖羊、湖羊、乌骨绵羊中的遗传多态性,分析多态位点与产羔数的相关性,以及GnRHR和INHA 基因间互作效应.结果显示,乌湖羊和湖羊群体GnRHR和IN HA 基因均存在多态位点,分别检测到GG 、GC 、CC和AA 、AB 、BB基因型,乌骨绵羊因样本较少,未发现多态位点.测序发现,GnR H R基因编码区198 bp处发生G→C突变,导致甘氨酸变为精氨酸,为错义突变;I N H A基因877 bp处发生T→C突变,为同义突变(仍为天冬氨酸).遗传学分析显示,GG和AA为优势基因型,G和A为优势等位基因;χ2 适合性检验显示,试验羊群体GnRHR和IN HA基因型分布处于 Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P＞0.05);分析 GnR H R与 I N H A 基因互作效应发现,基因互作效应在乌湖羊和湖羊群体差异显著(P＜ 0.05),ABCC互作基因型互作效应最大,AAGG互作基因型互作效应最小.乌湖羊ABCC互作基因型的平均产羔数比AAGG互作基因型多1.68只,湖羊ABCC互作基因型产羔数比AAGG互作基因型多1.32只,ABCC互作基因型比AB和CC基因型的产羔数都高,表明互作效应与羊产羔数呈正相关.本研究认为,IN H A基因 T877C位点与 GnR H R基因G198C位点互作基因型与绵羊产羔数紧密关联,对试验羊群体产羔数影响显著.

为实现乡村振兴和建设美丽乡村目标,以江苏省泰州市白马镇田园综合体规划为例,总结了白马镇田园综合体规划思路以及利用"旅游+""生态+"等模式,推进农业产业与旅游、教育、文化等产业深度融合的发展模式,为今后其他地区田园综合体的开发提供新的途径和道路.

以江苏农牧科技职业学院培育的黑羽番鸭为试验素材,开展高产期笼养组和平养组黑羽番鸭公母鸭血液生化指标测定分析.结果表明,母鸭谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性和肌酐含量笼养组显著低于平养组(P<0.05),碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性笼养组显著高于平养组(P<0.05);公鸭平养组血清中AST、UA、SOD活性显著高于笼养组(P<0.05),ALP显著低于笼养组(P<0.05),睾酮(TES)含量极显著低于笼养组(P<0.01),表明不同饲养方式对黑羽番鸭血清生化指标有一定影响.

“互联网+”时代背景下,教育教学信息化是大势所趋.笔者以“母牛发情鉴定与配种”教学为例,从教学分析、教学策略与设计、教学过程和教学反思等方面演绎信息化教学设计过程,阐述如何充分运用微课资源库等信息化教学资源和手段,解决教学重点和难点问题,从而激发学生学习热情,提高课堂教学效果和教学质量.

The effects of sheep manure+ urea+ DAP formulated fertilizer on growth and quality of Kyoho Grape were studied to provide the technical basis for organic cultivation of grape.Result:The formulated fertilizer can promote robust growth of Kyoho Grape, increase branch length and diameter significantly and improve fruit weight, fruit soluble solid and sugar content and sugar/acid ratio under the application amount of 60 t/hm2 sheep manure + 0.4 t/hm2 urea + 0.5 t/hm2 DAP.The reasonable application of sheep manure and chemical fertilizer can promote growth of Kyoho Grape and increase fruit quality of kyoho Grape.

为通过合理施用羊粪提高葡萄园土壤肥力,降低羊粪中氮、铁、铜等物质对环境的污染,以充分腐熟羊粪为基肥,设施入羊粪基肥20、40、60、80、100 t/hm2等5个处理,以不施羊粪基肥为对照(CK),研究羊粪还田对巨峰葡萄园土壤含水量、土壤pH值以及土壤全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量的影响.结果发现,与不施羊粪基肥的CK相比,羊粪还田处理可提高葡萄园土壤含水量,且随着施肥量增加土壤深层土壤蓄水能力增加;羊粪还田可降低葡萄园土壤pH值;羊粪还田条件下不同土层土壤全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量随施肥量的增加而增加;不同羊粪施肥量均可提高土壤有机质含量,且在不同土层中表现为随着施肥量的增加而增大,各土层在施入100 t/hm2羊粪时土壤阳离子交换值(CEC)达最大,0～15、15～30、30～45 cm土层的CEC分别为15.62、14.70、12.25 cmol/kg.

The adipocyte fatty-acid binding protein ( A-FABP) plays an important role in fat deposition in livestock, but it is still not clear about the mechanism of genetic characters and specific function in Tibetan sheep. Studying FABP4 genovariation and their distribution in different sheep breeds with various production direction will reveal the unique characters of Tibetan sheep. This paper studied FABP4 variations and the linkage disequilibrium of SNPs across 2 regions ( exon 2 and exon 3) using PCR-SSCP ( polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymerase) and sequencing technology in a total of 575 samples selected from 10 populations ( Tibetan and NZ sheep). The results indicated that 8 SNPs and 14 haplotypes across 2 regions were identified and these SNPs across 2 regions were found to show weak linkage disequilibrium ( D' = 0. 548, R2= 0. 119). Allelic A1 was showed to bepreponderant ( 38.4％) and genotypic A1 B1 was showed to be preponderant in exon 2-intron 2 region. Allelic B2 was showed to be preponderant ( 48.3％) and genotypic A2 B2 showed to be preponderant in exon 3-intron 3 region. Allelic frequency in amplified regions were found to deviate Hardy-Weinberg ( P ＜ 0. 01) in NZ sheep, while which were found to conform to Hardy-Weinberg ( P＞0.05) in Tibetan sheep. Genotypic difference was not observed in Romney and Perendal breeds ( P＞ 0. 05), but the remarkable genotypic difference was observed in Merino and Corriedal breeds ( P＜0.05). The higher heterozygosity and polymorphism information content ( PIC) were found in NZ breeds, but the higher homozygosity and medium PIC were observed in Tibetan sheep. The cluster analysis indicated that Ola and Ganjia were found to be clustering together. These breeds ( Corriedal and Merino) and the other 2 breeds ( Romney and Perendal) were found to be clustering together, respectively. Big frequency differences of SNPs ( c.246+37 A＞ G and c. 348 + 298 T＞ C) were found between Tibetan and NZ sheep. And these SNPs might be used as molecular markers to improve the trait of intramuscular fat content in Tibetan sheep.