Purpose – The modernization of China’s economy is an integral part of Chinese-style modernization. According to the principle of unifying theoretical, historical and practical logic, theoretically explaining the modernization of China’s economy is both a political necessity and a higher scientific requirement. Design/methodology/approach – Following this evolutionary line – from modes of production to the general economic development mechanism and then to patterns of economic operation and development – this paper employs the principal contradiction analysis method to offer an interpretation of China’s economic modernization from the broad Marxist political economy perspective. Findings – In economic terms, “get organized” primarily refers to the development and mutual promotion of team-based and market-based division of labor organizations, as discussed by Karl Marx. “Get organized” (specifically the development of team-based division of labor organizations) acts as the engine of China’s economic modernization and serves as the historical logical starting point. Division of labor is the theoretical logical starting point for interpreting China’s economic modernization. The two of them are congruent, achieving the unity of theoretical and historical logic at the starting point. The development and mutual promotion of these “two types of division of labor” inherently generate the general mechanism of economic development first comprehensively discussed by Marx and Friedrich Engels, which involves the division of labor development and market expansion accumulating cyclically and reinforcing each other. This mechanism drives both the high-speed and high-quality development of China’s economic modernization. Originality/value – The broad Marxist political economy paradigm facilitates explaining China’s economic modernization theoretically, historically and practically with unified logic. “Get organized” serves as both the engine and the realization mechanism of this modernization, with the Communist Party of China (CPC) consistently being the core force of this organizational effort.

Purpose Using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, this work examines the relationship between housing price and the probability of marriage among the young. Design/methodology/approach By exploiting land reform as an exogenous change in housing price and employing a differences-in-differences framework, this study investigates the effects of housing price on the marriage probability of young people. Findings This work confirms that land reform decreased young people's likelihood of marriage. This finding is robust to a series of model specifications. The effects of land reform increased over time because of rising housing unaffordability from progressively inflating housing prices. Moreover, land reform had larger effects on renters and young adults aged below 30 than homeowners and young adults aged above 30. Social implications Overall, this study highlights the negative consequences of an overheated housing market on marriage in developing countries. Originality/value Housing prices have increased dramatically in urban China after 2002 upon the implementation of the assignment system of the use right of all kinds of profit-oriented lands by means of public bidding, auction and quotation. High housing prices indicate serious housing unaffordability, especially for young people who typically have low income and wealth. Homeownership that comes with various benefits can theoretically increase the likelihood of marriage, particularly in China where a house is often regarded as a prerequisite for marriage.

长期以来,由于侗族地区所处的地理位置偏远等原因,造成了经济总量低,人均收入水平与发达地区有较大差距的现状.于此,论文对如何让侗族地区抓住绿色发展的机遇,充分识别和利用本民族的优势绿色资源,实现文化、生态与经济的耦合发展,尽快缩小贫富差距,全面建成小康社会进行了阐释.同时论文还为推动侗族地区将"药用自然资源库"转变为"大健康产业宝库"提供路径选择,由此探讨了少数民族地区走绿色共同富裕之路的可行性和必要性.

面对专业特色化有待凝练、教学团队化有待提升、课程精品化有待加强、人才培养优质化有待拓展等困境,湖南工商大学经济学国家级一流本科专业建设以培养"四为"人才为目标,利用"四新"手段,落实师资队伍建设、课程与课堂建设、实践育人平台建设、创新创业教育、教研与科研协同建设、教学过程质量监控和国际合作育人项目等七项举措,夯实四大保障.

The association between income inequality in a society and the poor health status of its people has attracted the attention of researchers from multiple disciplines. Based on the ISI Web of Science database, bibliometric methods were used to analyze 546 articles related to income inequality research in health field published between 1997 and 2021. We found that the USA contributed most articles, the Harvard Univ was the most influential institution, Social Science & Medicine was the most influential journal, and Kawachi I was the most influential author; the main hotspots included the income inequality, income, health inequality, mortality, socioeconomic factors, concentration index, social capital, self-rated health, income distribution, infant mortality, and population health in 1997–2021; the cardiovascular disease risk factor, social capital income inequality, individual mortality risk, income-related inequalities, understanding income inequalities, income inequality household income, and state income inequality had been the hot research topics in 1997–2003; the self-assessed health, achieving equity, income-related inequalities, oral health, mental health, European panel, occupational class, and cardiovascular diseases had been the hot research topics in 2004–2011; the adolescent emotional problem, South Africa, avoidable mortality, rising inequalities, results from world health survey, working-age adult, spatial aggregation change, prospective study, and mental health-empirical evidence had been the hot research topics in 2012–2021; there were 11 articles with strong transformation potential during 2012–2021. The research results of this paper are helpful to the scientific understanding of the current status of income inequality research in health field.

在新时代背景下,大数据与经济学复合型人才培养深度融合,有利于提升学生实践能力,培养学生创新思维,拓宽学生创业就业渠道.该文从大数据与经济学复合型人才培养深度融合的逻辑解析出发,从革新课程体系、创新教学模式、增强比赛参与度等方面解析大数据与经济学复合型人才培养深度融合的路径,最后探索大数据与经济学复合型人才培养深度融合的资金保障、师资保障和政策保障.

促进农村一二三产业融合发展是全面推进乡村振兴、加快农业农村现代化的重要举措.基于分工经济理论,系统梳理农村产业融合发展4种模式:农业产业化集群模式、农业功能拓展模式、农业产业链延伸模式和新型农业经营主体带动模式.研究发现:作为国家发展改革委等7部门认定的"首批国家农村产业融合发展示范园",湖南省涟源市与西洞庭管理区、重庆市梁平区与永川区4地示范园的实践具有多重良好经济社会效应.进而提出新时代促进农村产业融合发展"要在夯实农村产业基础上着力、要在促进主体协同发展上着力、要在强化乡村人才支撑上着力、要在践行绿色发展理念上着力"等策略.

This paper constructs a mathematical model to study China's urban real estate markets, in which there are different types of demands from house buyers, and housing suppliers adopt the strategy of quality differentiation second-degree price discrimination. Our theoretical result shows that, in China's case, without government intervention in the housing market, it is almost inevitable that the prices of both housing and the related resources will rocket. To achieve the goal of "houses built for inhabitance", we put forward a policy scheme to achieve "houses built for inhabitance" in China's cities from the perspectives of "speculation limitation" and "price control". We also conduct a numerical analysis to consider the macroeconomic effects of these two policy solutions on the housing market, and we conclude that Chinese authorities should introduce a resale tax in the housing market and learn from Singapore's experience in housing market regulation.

Gift expenses escalated in China in the last decades with rapid economic growth and account for a substantial share of household expenditures. Rising gift expenses signal good friendships and facilitate reciprocity, which may enhance one's subjective wellbeing. However, increasing gift giving may also exacerbate the financial burden of households and thus has adverse welfare implications. This study examines how escalating gift expenses impact individuals' subjective happiness by using data from the China Family Panel Studies. Findings suggest that an increase in the ratio of gift expenses to household income can significantly decrease one's subjective happiness by crowding out other consumption items and harming psychological health. Overall, this study offers new insights into informal social networks maintained by gift giving, which may adversely affect household welfare.

This paper aims to study the micro-evolution mechanism of internet finance from the perspective of the labour division. By using the theory of circuitous production, we construct an evolution model of labour division in internet finance industry, which has a dilemma between specialised economy and transaction efficiency of two sectors. By introducing transaction efficiency and the cost of learning internet finance, we internalise the level of specialisation and relative price, to expound the mechanism of inclusive rural finance in internet finance development. Based on the data of 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2016, this paper reveals internet finance's positive impact on rural inclusive finance by improving transaction efficiency. In terms of the field, the positive impact of internet finance on rural inclusive finance is U-shaped. Finally, we have come to the conclusion that internet finance is the most important factor to push the rural inclusive finance forward in China.

科学把握数字经济与居民消费关系,对扩展新发展格局中的消费新市场具有重要意义.文章从资本结构视角出发,将数字经济与居民消费纳入新古典分析框架阐释作用机制;并利用熵值法测算2005-2019年我国31个省区市数字经济发展指数;同时,采用系统GMM、中介效应与动态面板门槛模型对理论模型的结论进行实证检验.研究发现:(1)数字经济发展促进均衡产出增长,并带来最优居民消费支出以均衡产出为中枢呈现循环往复螺旋上升趋势的结果;(2)数字经济发展不仅可以直接提高居民消费水平,还可通过促进经济增长间接提高居民消费水平;(3)数字经济对居民消费存在着显著的产出门槛效应.实证结果与稳健性检验也说明了理论分析的合理性.因此,引导数字经济的资本形成过程,加大"新基建"投入力度以实现数字经济发展与居民消费扩张的有机统一,有利于促进新发展格局的形成.

文章构建了农村人力资本投资对农村劳动力转移影响的向量误差修正模型(VEC)模型,并通过协整检验、误差修正模型和格兰杰因果检验考察了农村人力资本投资与农村劳动力转移的长期均衡与短期动态关系.结果 表明:农村人力资本投资各要素与农村劳动力转移之间存在稳定、有效的长期均衡关系;但是,短期内农村人均收入增长率、农村职业教育投资增长率和农村居民家庭人均交通通讯消费增长率的增加会显著推动农村劳动力转移,而农村教育投资增长率与农村人均医疗保健费用增长率对农村劳动力转移的影响不显著.

本文基于动态分工演进,以自给自足的自然经济为起点,将秩序服务和财税政策纳入一个理论框架,结合超边际决策分析和一般均衡分析,考察在此过程中各个经济人的最优决策在市场上相互作用而内生的各种变化,揭示了财税政策作用于工农业分工和农业生产率的内在机制.然后,使用中国改革开放以来的数据对相关结论进行实证检验.模型分析表明,政府财税政策的实施在促进工农业分工水平提高的情况下,会扩大粮食生产的迂回化经济程度,进而推动粮食部门的农地生产率提升.就长期而言,单位面积的财政支农支出对农地生产率的提高有显著正向影响,在其他农业生产要素既定情况下,单位面积的财政支农支出每增加1％,农地生产率增加3.23％;从短期来看,单位面积财政支农支出对农地生产率的作用较弱,但在反向修正机制的作用下,最终会达到有效提高农地生产率的长期稳定均衡.另外,财政支农支出的增加促进了分工水平的提高,而分工水平的提高又推动了农业生产率的提升.

立足于马克思的"劳动的更广泛的分工和结合"思想,结合综合比较优势理论,阐述分工与比较优势的辩证关系,重点阐明"劳动的更广泛的分工和结合"正是一个国家能够用以改变原有比较优势格局的重要途径,政府通过集中力量办大事在其中发挥重要作用.面对逆全球化和新冠肺炎疫情的冲击,通过发挥集中力量办大事的制度优势,重组国内分工,实现"劳动的更广泛的分工和结合",加快发展战略性新兴产业、关键核心技术及其产业链生态,发展内生比较优势,对于形成更具竞争力的综合比较优势,进而打造以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局,具有特别重要的意义.

[目的]研究新型城乡关系构建与乡村振兴之间的发展关系,对缩短城乡差距,优化城乡结构具有重要意义.[方法]从乡村经济发展水平、 乡村社会发展水平和乡村生态发展水平3个方面构建了18个指标在内的评价体系,评价2007—2017年湖南省乡村振兴发展水平变化趋势.分析2007—2017年湖南省人口城镇化率、 土地城镇化率和产业城镇化率的演变特征.采用灰色关联分析模型定量化深入探讨新型城乡关系与乡村振兴发展之间的内在关系.[结果](1)2007—2017年,湖南省人口城镇化率、 土地城镇化率和产业城镇化率均呈现逐年递增的趋势,其中人口城镇化率由40.45％提高到54.62％,土地城镇化率由0.52％提高到0.81％,产业城镇化率由83.13％提高到91.16％,城镇化发展水平明显提升.(2)2007—2017年湖南省乡村经济发展水平和社会发展水平评价分值均呈现明显的递增趋势,乡村生态发展水平评价分值波动性较大,2009—2013年呈现明显的递减趋势,2014开始有所改善.综合发展水平评价分值由2007年的0.208提高到2017年的0.862,整体发展水平明显提升,且发展态势良好.(3)湖南省新型城乡关系与乡村振兴发展相关指标关联度均大于0.5,具有较好的关联性.其中乡村社会发展水平与人口城镇化率和土地城镇化率的关联度较高,乡村社会发展水平与产业城镇化率的关联度较高.[结论]统筹城乡协调发展,对湖南省尽快实现乡村振兴,加快城镇化进程具有重要意义.

Based on the “centripetal force” and “centrifugal force” of the intermolecular distance model in physics, this article establishes a worthwhile and original mathematical model to analyze the influence of the distribution of cities on urban labor productivity. We incorporate the crowding parameter into the local spillover model and demonstrate the existence of the optimal intercity distance. In addition, we estimate the optimal intercity distance for urban economic efficiency by using data from Chinese prefecture-level cities. Judging from the deviation between the actual average distance and the optimal average distance in each region, the cities in the eastern region are overcrowding, and the cities in the central and western regions are too sparse. Findings in this study carry several important policy implications. For areas in the central and western regions with large administrative areas and large populations, it would be appropriate to increase the number of prefecture-level cities and industrial density through industrial transfer and development. This approach is conducive not only to improving the economic efficiency of the central and western cities and reducing the congestion of eastern cities but also to accommodating the radiation effect of the city on rural areas and achieving the goal of common prosperity.

As environmental pollution in China has deteriorated in the recent years, intensifying environmental regulation has become a necessity for the Chinese government. But the debate persists among the academic circles and the government over whether a double dividend, reducing pollution emission and boosting employment, of environmental regulations exists. This study differentiates, based on Cobb-Douglas production function, the variance between high- and low-skilled labour and constructs theoretical models to analyse heterogeneous effects of environmental regulation intensity on the employment of labour with varied skills. The model finds that implementing environmental regulation will generate 'compliance cost effect' and 'innovation offset effect'. The compliance cost effect will promote the employment of high-skilled labour while suppressing that of the low-skilled labour. The innovation offset effect, however, will facilitate the employment for both high-skilled and low-skilled labour. Therefore, the employment of high-skilled labour will grow along with the intensification of environmental regulation while that of the low-skilled labour will decline first and then rebound, showcasing a U-shaped curve. The empirical research results based on the provincial dynamic panel data from 2004 to 2018 in China confirm the theoretical analysis. Moreover, we find spatial spillover effects of environmental regulation on employment, with high-skilled labour being more sensitive to changes in environmental regulation. One percentage point increase in environmental regulation in neighbouring regions will cause 0.072% employment decline in high-skilled labour while that of low-skilled labour will only decrease 0.033%. The conclusions of this study verify that dividend in employment growth for both high-skilled and low-skilled labour can be realised along with intensification of environmental regulation, which carries significant guiding implications for policy-making for environmental regulation in China.

首先,从理论上阐明城市生产率随着其常住人口规模的扩张呈倒"N"型的变化趋势,这表明当特大、超大城市人口规模超过城市生产率最大化所对应的最优城市规模时,应该引导该类城市的过多人口以及其他小城市(镇)人口转移到平均生产率更高的大中城市,这有利于实现既定劳动力资源约束下的空间优化配直,推动一个国家或地区整体生产率实现最优化均衡增长.其次,利用中国 2005-2013年 283个地级及以上城市面板数据,通过固定效应模型和工具变量法,证实了上述理论假说.此外,运用面板门槛模型研究发现,城市常住人口平均生产率的变化趋势存在着人口规模的双门槛特征,门槛值分别为33.4万人和475.48万人,并且对城市人口规模分组进行的计量回归检验结果,也证明了城市生产率的变化趋势与倒"N"型的研究结论吻合.研究结论表明,我国大部分地级城市人口规模处于这两个门槛值之间的偏下位置,也即处在城市人口平均生产率的上升阶段,但又普遍发展不足,故大力发展作为城市体系主体组成部分的中等规模地级城市正当其时.

本文旨在用博弈论方法解析APP共享经济外部性的市场有效逻辑,阐明共享经济中呈现出的免费现象,并不是市场失灵理论的失灵.基于APP软件下载、信息使用和产品交易三阶段博弈中用户人数与软件、信息和产品供应方在收费、闲置资源、潜在消费上的内在关系,得出三类七个动态均衡解及其产权界定路径.产权动态化均衡说明,共享经济中的免费现象本质上是节省界定产权的外生交易成本与节省产权界定不清引起内生交易成本之间两难冲突的折中决定了产权清晰与模糊程度,决定了在哪些环节免费、哪些环节收费.通过用户资本化的创新定义,证明了用户资本化的价值法则和门槛法则,阐释了用户量决定APP网络分工效应的基本逻辑.正是基于产权动态化的外部性市场有效和用户资本化的网络分工效应的有机统一,使得共享经济中生产者与消费者的角色转换更为灵活,能够充分地利用闲置资源、激发潜在消费,极大地促进了共享经济的发展.

This study employs scenario analysis to measure the carbon emissions reduction potential of the final demand structure changes in China from 2013 to 2020. The results indicate that under the business as usual (BAU) scenario (i.e. in which China’s final demand structure, energy structure and technical level in 2020 are the same as those in 2012), China’s gross domestic product of 2020 calculated by 2005 constant price is 6,427,658,783×10,000 yuan and China’s total carbon emissions will reach 1,531,692.29×10,000 tons, with its carbon emission intensity standing at 2.3686 t/10,000 yuan (it is only 25.57% lower than in 2005). Furthermore, under the specific final demand product structure (when “government consumption”, “export consumption”, “residents’ consumption + capital formation” accounts for 12%, 18% and 70%of final demand, respectively), China’s total carbon emissions in 2020 will be reduced by between 167,595.33×10,000 and 204,142.45×10,000 tons compared to the BAU scenario, and carbon emission intensity nationwide will be reduced by 33.71-35.49% compared with 2005. Finally, based on the assumptions and conclusions, this study puts forward some suggestions to realize the China’s carbon emission reduction commitments.