<正>医学人文教育面临的现状在医学人文教育方面,综合性大学尤其是那些有医科专业的综合性大学所面临的问题,和专门医科教育高等院校是有所不同的。当年很多医科大学在当时的国家政策调控下,并入了综合大学。并入综合性大学之后,很多大学根据自身情况采取了一些措施,其中就有从事医学人文教育的老师原来

医疗服务的高技术性和高风险性,决定了医疗纠纷不可避免.医疗纠纷成为当今社会的一个热点,医患关系从社会的后台被推上了前台,尤其是 2002年4月1日高院<关于民事诉讼证据的若干规定>即 :"举证责任倒置"的颁布,2002年 9月 1日<医疗事故处理条例>实施后,医疗纠纷数量明显增多,纠纷发生的行为方式改变.本文重点介绍国内医疗纠纷形成的主客观环境、国内医疗纠纷研究现状以及存在的问题.

The occurrence and evolution of medical disputes is a complex process which has both general and specific manifestations in different stages.Because of these characteristics,we deem that medical disputes can be divided into different stages and can be intervened.Based on this idea,the article analyzed the tendency of outcomes of medical disputes after intervention.

This study analyzed the data of 205 cases of medical disputes in the recent 3 years in 5 hospitals in Beijing based on the theory of “the Stages of Medical Disputes” which was proposed in 1998,in order to validate the objectivity of the stage theory and provide the theoretical and practical basis for developing the intervention system for medical disputes.

Objective: Analyze causes of 274 medical disputes in 5 hospitals in late 3 years in Beijing with questionnaire and tracking investigation. Discuss the main cause and reciprocity of medical disputes. Methods: Descriptive statistic method. Results: The reasons causing medical disputes are both original and subsequent. The two interact as both cause and effect and reciprocity. Conclusion:Reasons causing patients' dissatisfaction should be avoided in medical practice, intervention measures should be taken to eliminate dissatisfaction and avoid medical disputes.

Objective: To know the cognition of medical dispute in medical staff, appraise and grasp the extent of cognition of medical dispute and intervention measures objectively in medical staff. To discuss the feasibility of intervention of medical dispute from view of medical staff. Methods: Self-made questionnaires and cross-sectional study were used for random sampling medical personnel in five hospitals. Results: Medical staff had a fair understanding of relative laws, and recognized the early sign of medical dispute. The initiative of intervention of medical dispute rests in both sides. Conclusions: It is feasible for early intervention on medical dispute.

1资料来源及方法 1.1资料来源调查自2000年9月至2003年9月,驻京5所医院(其中三级甲等医院3所、三级乙等医院1所、二级甲等医院1所)发生的全部医疗纠纷.调查表的填写分科室人员和机关人员两部分.

Objective: Approving the feasibility of early intervention on medical dispute from view of patients. Methods: Investigate the recognition of patients in 5 hospitals about the basic concept, main cause of forming, the dealing of medical disputes and patients' behavior with method of transect investigation. Results: Most of the patients have basic understanding on medical dispute and think it is evitable. They are not satisfied with the spirit and services of medical organizations. Conclusion: Adopting early measures of intervention can obstruct the forming and developing of disputes, and it also proved early intervention is feasible and objective.

进入20世纪90年代中期以后,随着国家改革的不断深入,卫生改革也逐渐进入关键时期.一个值得注意的社会现象,越来越清晰地呈现在社会面前:医疗纠纷的发生伴随着卫生改革的进程而同步增长,成为社会热点问题之一;在近几年中国消协投诉统计中,投诉的数量一直排在前三位.这一社会现象已引起社会各界的注意,特别是引起卫生界的注意,并开展了这方面研究.

通过对医护人员掌握法律知识情况的调查和分析,提出应加强医护人员法律和安全意识教育,提高医护人员的自身素质,尊重病人权利,以有效防范医患纠纷的发生.