基于宏观环境视角,依托我国各省级面板数据,运用模糊集定性比较分析法(fsQCA)探究政策文本强度、经济发展水平及社会信任水平对工程总承包模式推广的影响机理,在理论上为工程总承包模式推广路径提供宏观解释框架,在实践上为推广工程总承包模式提供科学决策参考.

建筑企业的边界问题是项目治理研究领域的重要内容,也是完善工程建设组织模式、优化产业结构的关键所在.从建设项目的特殊性和我国建筑业在转型期的实际出发,通过对交易成本经济学的"主题变奏"来研究这一问题的基本逻辑和内在机理.研究工作在三个层面上展开:一是项目采购环节的模式选择问题;二是工程分包环节的"自制或外购"决策问题;三是项目采购模式和分包模式确定之后的组织界面管理问题.基于此,提出了项目生态位和合约风险指数的概念,以期把更多因素纳入分析框架,进而实现从资产专用性单因素驱动的"火车头"模式到多元驱动模式的扩展.

目前,工程造价咨询行业内外部环境呈现出前所未有的变革.基于SWOT-PEST分析框架,明晰行业政治、经济、社会、技术外部环境变革给"造价工程师"带来的优势、劣势、机会和威胁,以挖掘新变革要求下造价工程师在"传统能力"基础上,构建"能力新优势"的来源和相应的拓展路径,从而为人才培养、优势拓展以及行业转型升级等提供建议.

伴随建筑业转型升级,装配式建筑因具有可观的环境效益与社会效益得到推广和应用,各省(市)实际采纳效果却存在一定差异.基于2016—2019年31个省(市)动态面板数据,研究宏观环境分析模型(PEST)下各因素对装配式建筑采纳的影响.研究得出,开展装配式建筑需要提高政策组合实施精度、具备相应经济行业基础、适应社会需求发展趋势、改善构件技术配套能力.只有充分认识到装配式建筑的发展需适应所处政治、经济、社会和技术环境,才能更好地指导装配式建筑的发展.

在推行菜单式全装修、满足客户个性化的过程中,客户需求模糊、无法准确将客户偏好与定制化程度匹配是亟须解决的突出问题.基于扎根理论,对初始客户需求描述进行结构化范畴提炼,并据此构建"需求-模块-部品-部件"的多层映射关系和客户偏好匹配逻辑.以某特定客户为例,展示其客户偏好与装配式装修定制化匹配的全过程,在部品部件层面进行客户订单分离点(CODP)定位.研究成果可为推进装配式装修项目实践提供借鉴,同时可提升开发商和装修公司的竞争力,最大化提高客户满意度.

基于政策工具视角,对108份省域级工程总承包政策进行文本分析,将不同维度政策工具与工程总承包项目数量进行相关性分析,探究工程总承包政策对项目采纳的影响.研究发现一级政策工具中需求型政策和环境型政策与项目采纳的相关性较大,次级政策工具中招投标管理、合同管理、模式先行等与项目采纳的相关性较大.在此基础上,提出需求型政策过溢、供给型政策内部结构有待优化等建议,以期为政策制定者和建筑从业者提供系统的信息参考.

To promote the development of prefabricated buildings, China's provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) have successively issued guiding documents for the development of prefabricated buildings, specified their own development goals and various incentive policies. Although various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) have put forward various incentive policies, there are differences in the actual development of fabricated buildings. Therefore, this paper studies the impact of the incentive policies of fabricated buildings on their project implementation effect through correlation analysis. After coding the selected research samples through text analysis method based on the perspective of policy instruments, the distribution of the three types of policy instruments, namely supply-type, environmental-type and demand-type are counted respectively, and then the incentive policies of the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) are quantified through policy scoring. After selecting three evaluation indexes for correlation analysis, it is found that the type of policy tool most used at present is the environmental-type, followed by the supply-type, and the demand-type accounts for the least. And the highest policy score among all provinces is Jiangsu province. Through the above analysis, it can provide reference for provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) to optimize or innovate the existing incentive policies, and promote the development of fabricated buildings.

The development of information technologies has broken the conservative pattern of the traditional construction industry and injected new vitality into the transformation and upgrading of this industry.In order to investigate the development trend of the informationization in the construction industry,this paper establishes a policy analysis framework containing policy object,policy value and policy subject by analyzing the policy texts in 2003,2011 and 2016 respectively.Based on the principles of efficiency,sharing,and integration,the results show that the main body of policy were divided into three subjects in the outline of the informationization of the construction industry,they are the decision makers,the executors,and the supervisors.The information technology and information standard are defined as policy objects.The outline of the informationization in the construction industry is developed.

Firstly,this paper combs the mechanism of the inherent defect insurance system in France,clarifies the participants of the system,the design and operation of insurance products. Secondly,analyzes the mechanism of Shanghai pilot project quality insurance system,and then explores the barriers to the implementation. Finally, puts forward some countermeasures to deal with obstacles to implementation in terms of optimizing product design,encouraging project participants and training insurance professionals and fostering risk management institutions,so as to promote the development of China's engineering quality insurance system.

应用型本科工作坊教学实施的关键在于建立以学习成果为导向的教学方式,培养知识、能力与素质综合发展的应用型人才.但目前工作坊教学仍存在学习成果设定与行业需求契合性不高、学习环节孤立等诸多问题,而以学习成果为中心来组织教学实施与教学评价的OBE教学模式对应用型人才的培养具有重要价值,广泛应用于诸多实践教学领域.天津理工大学将OBE教学模式引入到招投标与合同管理工作坊教学中,建立了以学习成果为导向、以学生为中心、持续改进的工作坊教学体系.实践表明,工作坊教学模式对于应用型人才的培养具有显著的促进作用.

成果导向教育(Outcomes-Based Education,OBE)是以学习成果为中心来组织、实施和评价教育的成果导向型教育模式,经过不断的实践与探索,该模式在实践教学领域得到广泛应用.天津理工大学工程造价专业在应用型人才的培养过程中借鉴OBE教育模式,将其嵌入“招投标与合同管理”工作坊实践教学中,探索出以学习成果为导向、以学生为中心、持续改进的工作坊实践教学体系.

我国全面推行营业税改征增值税试点是国家税制的重大改革,标志着营业税退出历史的舞台.税金是国家税法规定的应计入到建筑工程造价内,而企业管理费作为建筑工程造价的重要组成部分,"营改增"后对企业管理费的取定有重大影响."营改增"后全国范围内有关"建设工程计价依据调整实施意见"类的文件中均涉及到企业管理费构成内容、计费基数以及费率的改变.检索中国期刊网数据库(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,CNKI)可以发现关于"营改增"后企业管理费问题缺乏内容界定的研究,特别是企业管理费费率的取定问题.为了尽可能快速适应"营改增"政策并减少其为企业管理费的界定问题带来的负面影响,本文采用内容对比分析法,从企业管理费的构成内容、计费基数和企业管理费费率三个关键角度出发,以能够影响计取企业管理费费用的各种直接因素为对象,综合对比全国范围内三十个省、直辖市以及自治区的相关文件中的有关规定,并说明企业管理费构成内容的变化情况、企业管理费计费基数的变化情况以及企业管理费费率计取方式的变化情况,以期清晰地界定"营改增"后的企业管理费的费用标准,为建筑相关企业异地投标提供参考性意见,有利于建筑工程造价的确定,有利于体现出企业行政管理部门的管理水平,有利于规范工程造价体系.

On the basis of summarizing the related research,the paper centers the eight illegal subcontracting of“the identified management methods of construction subcontracting and illegal subcontracting and other illegal activities in construction engineering(tentative)”,then based on three dimensions of illegal subcontracting identified about preconditions,main qualification and range,recognizes the illegal subcontracting identified path of different dimensions of“performance issues-identified basis-identified measures”,andfinally processes the methods and procedures for illegal bodies.

Based on the detailed analysis of the unbalanced relationship between rights and obligations of the general contractor,and with the aid of the international regulations about the reasonable objection right, this paper from the two aspects of the reasonable reason judgment standard that when the general contractor exercise reasonable objection to nominated subcontract and the application scope of reasonable objection right, puts forward the suggestion on use of the reasonable objection right. After the establishment of the reasonable objection right,analyzes the follow-up measuresof the owner and general contractor,so that the reasonable rights and interests of the general contractor can be better safeguarded.

In the construction market of our country,the phenomenon that contractors can not return retention money in full and on time is common. Based on the theory of risk management,this paper identifies the two types risk of that retention money can’t be returned from the existing literature,namely quality guarantee system defect risk and quality defects liability defines risk. Then,analyzes the root of the two types of risk,puts forward response measures to two types of risk,in order to further solve the problem of retention money can’t be returned in full and on time.

项目联盟作为一种相对新颖的项目管理模式,其成功实施对于改善和提高工程项目的效率成效显著.总结国外有关项目联盟主要成功因素的研究现状,通过内在逻辑关联分析初步归纳影响项目联盟成功的主要因素,结合项目联盟成功标准,构建基于粗糙集理论的项目联盟成功关键影响因素分析模型,提炼出项目联盟成功的关键影响因素,包括对联盟成员的选择、沟通水平、联盟激励机制、联盟领导者能力,并从项目联盟的生命周期视角予以划分.研究结论对于提高我国工程项目管理水平,促使项目成功具有重要意义.

However,formal punishment has the disadvantage of high implementation cost. Therefor,the paper defines the forms of second party and third party informal punishment and researches the application effect and condition of these two informal punishment in China. The results show that:1)the second party informal punishment is an effective mechanism to govern contractor's opportunistic behavior,2)the third party informal punishment mechanism does not work effectively due to lack of necessary information transmission platform.

Under the DBB model,the interface of the phase analysis and goal difference,lead to the retention of a large amount of information in the internal or surrounding tissue and directly restrict the realization of project objectives. In this paper,on the basis of the existing research,defines the connotation of information stickiness, respectively from the aspects of information transmission between different subjects and different stages of information transmission and discusses the common information stickiness phenomenon in the construction project,and offers the causes of objective stickiness and subjective stickiness,puts forward the countermeasures to reduce the degree of information stickiness.

In order to explore the research status and development trend of relational governance,15 1 foreign literature and 153 Chinese literature were reviewed as samples. The overall structure of the existing research was presented with the meth-od of co-word analysis through the way of multivariate statistical analysis and social network analysis. Then the top times citation literature was chosen for literature analysis. The results show that the relational governance is in the stage of devel-opment,which is dispersed in research areas and prominent in research subject. The common important research topic of home and foreign included division of the basic dimensions of the relational governance,the effectiveness of relational gov-ernance and the relationship between relational and contractual governance;the research in the field of public governance and family business governance was specific to home. In sum,domestic research was lagging behind the international re-search. Building a meta-analysis framework of the relational governance,strengthening the understanding of the nature of relational governance,expanding the study of the emerging field,as well as deepening the horizontal dimension of the re-search were the development trend of the future relational governance.

The paper retrieves the academic literatures of relational governance research at home and abroad from 2002 to 2012 to establish a sample database,analyzes and explores the development trends and research structure of relational gover?nance by employing bibliometric analysis method. Firstly,the paper analyzes the external development trend of relational gov?ernance research according to the statistics on annual additional keywords and co-occurrence. Secondly,it discusses the in?ternal evolution of the research structure by building keywords cluster and the development paths of research. Finally,the pa?per prospects the development trends of relational governance in view of the comprehensive analysis of the overall research findings,and discusses the future direction of development.