By analyzing the present situation of the development of cassava industry in Laos, this paper aims to provide reference for Chinese enterprises to invest in cassava industry in Laos and to develop cassava industry in China. The author reviewed the development of cassava industry in Laos by methods of literature review, field surveys and interview, and found that the cassava Planted Area in Laos has been continuously expanded, but the development of cassava industry is unbalanced in different regions. In addition to local varieties, cassava varieties are also imported from Thailand, Vietnam and China. The level of cassava planting technology and mechanization is relatively low, but the planting experience of environmental protection in Laos should be used for reference and popularized, which lays a good social environment for the development of Laos agricultural machinery market and bio-pesticide market. Cassava processing is mainly primary processing, processed into dried cassava and cassava starch export, the export volume ranks first in all export categories. The cassava industry chain in Laos has been gradually improved, and the conditions for the development of deep processing of cassava in Laos are relatively mature. In addition, there are some research results on the application of cassava in cattle, pigs, sheep and fish farming, but it still needs to be popularized.

[目的]明确喜树叶斑病病原菌,并探究不同杀菌剂对病原菌的室内抑菌活性,为防治大田喜树叶斑病提供科学依据.[方法]通过常规组织块分离法分离喜树叶斑病病原菌并进行致病性测定,结合形态特征观察及rDNA-ITS序列分析鉴定病原菌的分类地位;采用菌丝生长速率法测定12种常见杀菌剂对病原菌的室内毒力.[结果]从广西农业职业技术大学中草药园的喜树叶斑病上分离到一株真菌,菌株命名为XS-1,经致病性测定、形态学观察和分子鉴定,确定多主棒孢霉(Corynespora cassiicola)是引起喜树叶斑病的病原菌,为国内首次报道,将该病害命名为喜树棒孢霉叶斑病.杀菌剂室内毒力测定结果表明,12种杀菌剂对菌株XS-1菌丝生长均有较强的抑制作用,其中,20％苯甲咪鲜胺微乳剂的抑制作用最强,其EC50为0.0980 mg/L,其次是20％戊菌唑水乳剂、50％多菌灵可湿性粉剂、20％抑霉唑水乳剂、250 g/L丙环唑乳油和10％苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂,其EC50分别为0.3737、0.4557、0.4878、0.5746和0.5956 mg/L.[结论]经致病性测定、形态特征观察及分子鉴定,确定引起喜树叶斑病病原菌为多主棒孢霉(C.cassiicola);20％苯甲·咪鲜胺微乳剂、20％戊菌唑水乳剂、50％多菌灵可湿性粉剂、20％抑霉唑水乳剂、250 g/L丙环唑乳油和10％苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂对喜树棒孢霉菌丝生长均具有较强的抑制作用,可作为喜树棒孢霉叶斑病田间防治参考用药.

[目的]为了做好中-老优良农作物品种试验站和农业示范园建设工作,加强中-老友谊与合作;[方法]采用走访、访谈与实地调研等方法调查了老挝农资市场现状;[结果]老挝地理位置和气候优越,农业生产潜力巨大,农药供应不足,且存在非法销售和使用现象;水稻种子需求量不大,蔬菜、玉米种子和香蕉、火龙果等果树种苗需求量大;化肥供应充足,但大多来源于进口,价格高;有机肥产量和使用量大,且主要在国内生产和销售;基础设施落后,信息流通不畅,农资产品价格高且混乱.[结论]建议政府应加强基础设施建设,提高对农资市场的监管.

为了解广西甘薯生产现状，采用问卷调查、专家访谈和实地调研等方式对广西甘薯生产状况进行调查，结果发现：广西甘薯品种少、名牌品种只有‘红姑娘’等少数品种，虽有统一的技术规范，但是在生产过程中病虫害发生严重、用药量偏大、产量和商品量有较大的发展空间。提出政府应在专业合作社、电商销售等方面进行引导，促进广西甘薯产业的发展。

[Objective]This research surveyed pesticide residues of OPs vegetable soil in Nanning,it provides guidance for safety production of vegetables in Nanning. [Method]The research used method of uniform putting to collect samples of soil. Pretreatment consulted GB / T14552-2003. It used method of aluminum box to detect moisture content of soil samples,and used model PHS-25 pH meter to detect pH of soil samples. It used method of temperature programming to detect content of residues of OPs on model GC4000 GC. [Result]17 samples hadn't residues and 57 samples had. The relevance ratio was 77. 03%. Average moisture content was 20. 86%,the lowest moisture content was 10. 44%,and the highest moisture content was 48. 88%. Average pH was 6. 59,the lowest pH was 4. 63,and the highest was 8. 03. [Conclusion]The relevance ratio of soil of vegetables was 77. 03% in Nanning. Average moisture content was 20. 86%,and average pH was 6. 59,these hadn't related with residue.

In order to isolation and screening bacterial strain with degradation function to Dursban,so as to provide theoretical basis to repair organophosphorus pesticide polluted soil by microorganism. By means of enrichment isolation method screening strain from pesticide warehouse dust and polluted soil of blowdown ditch and to preliminary identity the screened strains with morphology and gram stain. The Results show that:among the 97 strains screened,there are 78 globular strains,80% of the total,58 of gram negative,59.8% of the total. Most of bacterial colony represent roundness,flat,border orderliness and milk white. 83 strains were screened from dust and other 14 strains from ditch soil. All the strains can grow in high-concentration Dursban medium and the degradation characters of the strains will be researched and screened further.

[目的]分离筛选对水葫芦具有强致病性菌株,为水葫芦生物防治奠定理论基础.[方法]利用组织分离法,从自然发病水葫芦叶片上分离获得对水葫芦有强致病性的菌株并纯化培养;用玻片保湿法观察菌株分生孢子与分生孢子梗形态特征;根据柯赫氏法则对自然发病与接种叶片发病情况进行验证对比;通过查阅《真菌鉴定手册》对菌株进行形态学鉴定.[结果]经组织分离法提取纯化得到菌株BG11,该菌在PDA上生长较好,菌落紧密,表面灰白色,呈绒毛状;分生孢子合轴产生,2～5个分生孢子着生在分生孢子梗上,分生孢子为短圆柱形,单胞无色,有油球,长度为12.50～17.50μm,大多数为13.75～17.00 μm,宽度为4.50～5.50 μm;将BG11菌株接种到健康水葫芦叶片上表现为自然发病叶片类似症状,且两者分生孢子梗及分生孢子形态一致.[结论]初步鉴定BG11菌株为水葫芦炭疽菌Colletotrichum sp.,对水葫芦具有强致病性.

【Objective】Occurrence regularity of Basilepta fulvipes was investigated in banana fields in order to help in prediction and control of the pests. 【Method】Indoor temperature controlled breeding and field system positioning methods were adopted to investigate the occurrence regularity of Basilepta fulvipes from 2007 to 2011. 【Result】In Nanning of Guangxi, B. fulvipes showed three or four generations annually. In summer and autumn, its three generations were observed in non-irrigated drought areas, while in winter and spring, four generations were observed in irrigated areas. Larvae of different ages stayed in soils during overwintering. During next last ten-day of March to firth ten-day of April , pupation and eclosion occurred. Around first and second ten-day of April, adults emerged out of the soil, most of which produced eggs in the rotton moist tissue of cauloid and withered leaves. The peak periods of adults were at mid May , mid to last ten days of July and mid October. From February to March, when soil temperature kept above 18℃ after 15 to 20 days, overwinter mature larvae gradually became pupae, which moved above the earth surface during first ten-day period of April.Precipitation was a beneficial factor for insect growth. With over 10 mm accumulative precipitation for one week , lots of larvae became pupae after one week. The occurrenc peak period of adult was observed after two to three weeks of rainfall.Number of insects amount did not differed much among various banana varieties. Larva and adult density were higher in the non-irrigated uncovered sandy orchards with weeds. 【Conclusion】Three to four generations of B. fulvipes were observed annually in banana fields of Nanning, Guangxi. Larvae of different ages overwintered in soil, and the majority of adults produced eggs in the rotton moist tissue of cauloid and withered leaves. Precipitation was favorable for larva pupation and adult damage out of soil. Larva and adult density were higher in the non-irrigated uncovered sandy orchards with weeds.Banana cultivar was unrelated to the occurrence of adult pests.

In order to delimit the species of diseases,pests and natural enemies of Flos Lonicerae in Guangxi,and offer reference to the control of local diseases and pests and the protection and use of natural enemies,a systematic investigation was conducted,in Xincheng County of Guangxi Province from 2008 to 2010.The results showed that there were 11 species of diseases,35 species of pest insects and 28 species of natural enemies,mainly including 24 predators,2 parasitoids,and 2 ladybugs eating Microsphaera lonicerae Wint..Besides,the features,outbreak regularity and control measures of the main pest insects and diseases of Flos Lonicerae are also introduced in this paper.

探讨如何利用四阶段教学法实施“波尔多液配制及质量检查”的技能培训项目.

随高等教育发展,就业体制变革,高校毕业生就业形势日趋严峻,高校就业指导工作重要性凸显,但当前高校职业指导工作仍相对滞后。为适应形势的发展,高校需从观念、职能、制度、人事、等方面建立并完善职业指导服务体系,充分发挥职业指导的作用,保障高校稳定持续发展。

The effect of temperature on the growth and development of Basilepta fulvipes Motschulsky was studied.Linear regressionindicated that the threshold temperatures for preoviposition,eggs,1～4 instar larvae,old familiar larvae and pupae,and from preovipositionto pupation were 14.83(±1.17)℃,14.09(±0.97)℃,14.74(±0.47)℃,17.74(±1.05 )℃,15.32(±0.73 )℃,14.55(±0.79)℃,respectively.Theeffective accumulated temperature for the above stages were 158.17(±18.47)d·℃,81.00(±7.34)d·℃,437.88(±18.24)d·℃,65.70(±8.55)d·℃,74.21(±5.62)d·℃,870.95(±65.63)d·℃,respectively.The developmental duration of each developmental stage,and frompreoviposition to pupation,decreased with increased temperature.The developmental duration of a singlegeneration was fitted with theindex function:y=1536.6e-0.1121x.According to the effective accumulative temperature law,we predicted that this pest would have 3.1～4.1 generations annually in Nanning,which is in accordance with field observations.

[Objective]The study aimed to effectively and timely control the occurrence and damage of Rhynhophorus ferrugineus Fabricius in Nanning City,Guangxi Province.[Method]The investigation on the distribution and damage of R.ferrugineus was conducted in Nanning City,Guangxi Province.Its transmit ways were checked,light trapping experiment,combination of artificial and chemical control,and chemical control were conducted.[Result] The investigation indicated that there had distribution of R.ferrugineus in 70% plant nurseries and the scenic areas in Nanning City.Among the planted Hemp palm plants,the damaged varieties were up to 80%.The output of palm seedlings which had carried with pests was the main approach for spread and damage of R.ferrugineus.It was effective and feasible to use frequently vibration trapping light to trap adults.Pesticides were sprayed on the bellmouth of host(central leaf),then aging leaf sheaths or agricultural film was used to strap tender leaf sheath in stalks,which could achieve the purpose of controlling R.ferrugineus.[Conclusion] The control strategies of R.ferrugineus should be focused on controlling seedlings and the plants with tree age less than ten year;the plants with long tree age and the tall plants should adopt selection control if it was necessary,and the integrated control should be implemented on the prevention measure.

[Objective] The paper was to study the main diseases and pests in Lonicerae japonica in Guangxi Province and fluctuation pattern of their natural enemies.[Method] The population change of main diseases and pests,and main predatory natural enemies of pests in different species of Lonicerae japonica in Xincheng County of Guangxi Province were systematically investigated during 2008-2010.[Result] The variation cycle of population number of Semiaphis heraclei (Takahashi) belongs to single peak type,and it has large occurrence in April.The variation cycle of population number of Frankliniella sp.and Haptonchus luteolus (Erichson) belongs to double peak type,and they have large occurrence at April and September.The variation cycle of disease severity of Microsphaera lonicerae (Wint.) belongs to double peak type,and the disease index will be larger at April and September.The variation cycle of diseased shoot rate belongs to single peak type;diseased shoot rate of Lonicera dasystyla Rehd.and Loniccra hvpolzlauca Miquel is relatively high during April to June,while the index of Lonicera confusa (Sweet) DC.is relatively high during February to May.The variation cycle of population number of main natural enemies such as Lemnia biplagiata (Swartz),Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus) and Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) belongs to double peak type,and they have large occurrence at April and September.[Conclusion] The results could provide scientific basis for determination of optimum control period against major diseases and pests in Lonicerae japonica and development of integrated control programs.

[Objective] The paper was to screen the pesticides with good control effects against pests in mulberry and small impact on silkworm.[Method] The combined method of indoor toxicity test,field efficacy test,fast testing of pesticide residues and residual toxicity determination were adopted to carry out test.[Result] Indoor toxicity results showed that LC50 of mulberry No.1 against Hyalopterus amygdale was (316.1±57.3)mg/kg,and the control effect of mulberry No.1 at 14 d reached 62.58%;fast testing of pesticide residues at 7 d showed that the mulberry leaves were safe to silkworms,which reached the standard of leaves for silkworm.[Conclusion] Mulberry No.1 was recommended to be the special pesticide to apply in mulberry field.

[Objective]The study aimed to effectively and timely control the occurrence and damage of Rhynhophorus ferrugineus Fabricius in Nanning City,Guangxi Province.[Method]The investigation on the distribution and damage of R.ferrugineus was conducted in Nanning City,Guangxi Province.Its transmit ways were checked,light trapping experiment,combination of artificial and chemical control,and chemical control were conducted.[Result] The investigation indicated that there had distribution of R.ferrugineus in 70% plant nurseries and the scenic areas in Nanning City.Among the planted Hemp palm plants,the damaged varieties were up to 80%.The output of palm seedlings which had carried with pests was the main approach for spread and damage of R.ferrugineus.It was effective and feasible to use frequently vibration trapping light to trap adults.Pesticides were sprayed on the bellmouth of host(central leaf),then aging leaf sheaths or agricultural film was used to strap tender leaf sheath in stalks,which could achieve the purpose of controlling R.ferrugineus.[Conclusion] The control strategies of R.ferrugineus should be focused on controlling seedlings and the plants with tree age less than ten year;the plants with long tree age and the tall plants should adopt selection control if it was necessary,and the integrated control should be implemented on the prevention measure.

[Objective] The morphology observation and investigation on occurrence and damage condition of Rhynhophorus ferrugineus were conducted.[Method] The samples of R.ferrugineus at different instars were collected from the nurseries in Nanning City,and morphological observation was carried out under the entity microscope,and their characteristics were described.In Nanning City,with Palm plants as the investigation object,the random sampling investigation was conducted in damage peak period of R.ferrugineus,the total number of investigated plants and the number of damaged plants was recorded.[Result] The size,shape and arrangement of droplet-shaped spots in adult pronotum of different individuals of R.ferrugineus are inconsistent,the morphological characteristics of larvae in different host are the same,while the sizes of insect bodies of the same instar are different.The pests mainly distribute in part of nurseries and the concentrated cultivation places of palm trees in Nanning City,which mainly damage the palm plants such as R.rivularis,W.filifera,P.canariensis,B.nobilis and P.x loureirii,etc.within Nanning City.[Conclusion] The study laid the foundation for the research on the occurrence law and the control technique of R.ferrugineus in Nanning City.

The bacteria could remedy the pesticide-contaminated soil through enzymatic action,biochemical action and metabolism.Here the paper summarized the remediation mechanism of bacteria and its study status,and listed common bacteria varieties used for soil remediation,and at last pointed out the problems and development prospect of the method.

创新是高校党建工作的灵魂,应通过加强对工作理念、工作机构、工作机制、工作方式方法、工作内容和活动载体等六个方面的创新,推进高校基层党建工作.

The effect of temperature on the growth and development of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Fabricius was studied.Linear regression indicated that the threshold temperatures for preoviposition,eggs,larvae and pupae,and from preoviposition to pupation,were(16.11 ± 1.44),(14.10 ± 0.56),(15.28 ± 0.21),(14.89 ± 0.24) and(14.15 ± 0.54)℃,respectively.The effective accumulated temperature for the above stages were(31.86 ± 1.65) degree days,(748.60 ± 15.79) degree days,(417.94 ± 20.80) degree days and(1215.50 ± 28.56) degree days,respectively.The developmental duration of each developmental stage,and from preoviposition to pupation,decreased with increased temperature.The developmental duration of a single generation was fitted with the index function:y = 3343e-0.1279x.